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Estimation of Hall current infusion on blood filtration devices containing magnetized Cosserat fluids flow induced by metachronal transport system
No full textopen access articleAim and Novelty
Blood, being a conducting fluid, interacts with magnetic fields, allowing MHD principles to be used for pumping, separation, and filtration processes. Infusion of Hall current in magnetic fields has found numerous applications in monitoring these pumping, separation, and filtration systems. This novel characteristic enables the application of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) principles in biomedical technologies, particularly in contactless pumping, filtration, and separation processes. This study captures these novel applications through mathematical modelling tools. When blood is induced by a sufficiently strong magnetic field, the Hall Effect emerges, introducing an additional current component that plays a significant role in monitoring and regulating these systems.
Mathematical modeling
The problem to be modelled contains the magneto-hydrodynamic motion of a Cosserat fluid through a channel having a porous matrix and ciliated walls actuated by a transverse magnetic field. The model determines Lorentz body forces, Hall current effects, and micropolar property in which micro-rotational vectors are incorporated to expand the classical Navier-Stokes system to a nonlinear and coupled system of equations. With pathology, there exist internal blocks brought on by the deposit of substances like cholesterol, which require modelling using porous media like Darcy Brinkman structures. To make the problem analytically tractable, a long-wavelength calculation approximation in the creeping flow regime adopting the theory of lubrication approximation, is used. Galilean transformations are also used on a steady wave frame of reference, leading to the derivation of analytical expressions of axial velocity, micro-rotation component, pressure gradient, pressure rise flow rate, and stream function. The generalized model proposed herein uses the physiological flow properties to realize the key aspects of electromechanical, magneto-hydrodynamic pumping behavior, which provides a sound theoretical basis for the physiological and ionic fluid flows under non-Newtonian and magnetically driven conditions.
Methodology
The analytical technique is used to find the solution of rheological equations for flow features, such as velocity profile, microrotation, pressure gradient, flow rate, and streamlines.
Key Results
The comparison between Newtonian and Cosserat fluids is also highlighted. When it comes to flow and trapping in MHD porous circumstances, the Cosserat fluid consistently outperforms the other fluids due to its microrotation and structural flexibility. The fluid velocity is sharply affected under magnetic influence.
Applications
It is found that the implication of Hall current exhibits noticeable impacts on manipulating the real-world applications of magnetic fields in surgical, blood filtration, biomedical Pumping, and blood separation processes
The Decarbonisation of a 300-Home Neighbourhood: A Business Case to support Local Area Energy Plan delivery
No full textThis report presents a business case for the transition of a 300-home neighbourhood to low-carbon technology (LCT), specifically focusing on the integrated installation of Air Source Heat Pumps (ASHPs), Solar Photovoltaics (PV), and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS). While the technical viability of such a project is well-established, this analysis argues that its success is fundamentally contingent on robust governance, financial credibility, and dedicated human resources to manage risk effectively and deliver a high-quality, scalable outcome that aligns with the strategic objectives of for large-scale retrofitted as highlighted through Local Area Energy Plans (LAEPs). This document puts forward a suggested process, incorporating political commitment, extensive public engagement, delivery by a Community Interest Company in partnership with local government and blended financing models
Negotiating the grounds for (in)voluntary psychiatric detention in public spaces: a case study of NFL star Everson Griffen
No full textThis chapter highlights the ways in which mental health and law enforcement services intersect, when witnesses and emergency services professionals report, assess, and categorise on-going events in light of emerging information and incidents. This work involves a complex web of welfare, wellbeing, safety, security, and criminal concerns, that must be considered by professional parties to determine whether an individual will be taken to a hospital for mental health evaluation or the police station in relation to potential ‘criminal charges’.
The chapter draws on ethnomethodology and conversation analysis to examine two high-profile instances of (in)voluntary psychiatric detention of American Footballer, Everson Griffen. Due to Griffen's public status, numerous publicly available data sources (e.g. police traffic camera footage, police documents, media content, social media posts and team announcements) were captured, enabling a re-construction of Griffen’s real-time ‘erratic’ actions and behaviour. This provides a rich context for understanding the practical, interactional and organisational issues involved in ‘working up’ assessments of public mental health crises and/or criminal conduct in real-time as events evolve. Likewise for ordinary citizens, witnessing these worrying actions, making sense of risk/safety and wellbeing/welfare issues can create practical problems to navigate (e.g. which emergency service to contact and how to describe what they have seen)
What Incentive Structures Do to Political Philosophy: Epistemic Pathologies and Institutional Design
No full textopen access articl
Enhancing Basic Education as a Foundation for Resilience and Sustainability in Low-Income Mega-Cities: the Case of Lagos, Nigeria
No full textThe provision of quality basic education is critical for building resilient and prosperous communities. This is particularly needed in low-income settings, where enhancing education can develop human capital and the development of sustainable infrastructures for energy, the built environment, sanitation and more. Nigeria as home to the world’s largest population of out-of-school children and the mega-city of Lagos State can shed light on the challenge of education provision in comparable cities across the globe.
This research takes a whole system perspective on basic education provision in Lagos State, focussing on policy and other stakeholder influences on the education system. The research draws on grounded thematic analysis of 18 semi-structured interviews with education stakeholders, including teachers, government officials, parents and NGO representatives.
The findings reveal a range of structural barriers to quality basic education provision, such as inadequate infrastructure, overcrowded classrooms, limited access to technology and weak safeguarding mechanisms. Despite strong efforts to enhance provision through systematic use of education technology in Lagos State and policies for improved teachers’ skills development, many gaps in implementation persist.
The research leads to over 10 practical recommendations to strengthen policy and practice in Lagos State, including more integrated continuous professional development for teachers, improved resource allocation and multi-stakeholder collaboration in the education system. The Lagos State case study offers insights that will have value across cities and implications for locations facing similar challenges to basic education provision across the globe
Whiteness in Education
No full textThis chapter will exemplify how Black and Ethnically Minoritised (hereafter BEM) students are facing a multi-layered fulcrum of domination within education. Previous research has shown that Whiteness has become invisible and subtle in its presentation as common sense (Giroux, 1997; Suchet, 2007; Picower, 2009) and it is so ingrained in our social construction as normal that it is rarely questioned, but it is always present and pervades every interaction (Garratt, 2011; Straubhaar, 2015). As a result, education has to be viewed in the context of a framework of domination and oppression (Grodon, 2005; Picower, 2009; Leonardo, 2013), and as Baldwin stated: “Education is indoctrination if you're White - subjugation if you're Black” (Openvault.wgbh.org 1963). The chapter furthers such an understanding of the education system as constructed and shaped at all levels to protect white privilege and contends that white privilege forms a superstructural element that operates to perpetuate such an ideology.
Young BEM people face a master narrative of white supremacy which is seen as just and natural. To illustrate how this operates and with what effects, the chapter draws on a qualitative study with BEM young people aged 14-25. The data analysed from 15 semi-structured interviews focuses on the school experiences of the participants, their counter-narratives and the impact of Whiteness as an ideology.
The chapter will provide an original contribution to the understanding of whiteness as an ideology and the way education interacts with this. The chapter pays close attention to how interest convergence (Bell 1980, Delgado 1999) is entangled within the discourses of progress and how the social reality of BEM groups is predetermined around the mutually informed axes of hegemonic whiteness, indirect racism, and their negotiation with the dominant structures within society.
The chapter will conclude with recommendations for a more sustainable future, which will explore decolonising the curriculum as a tool for change, spaces within all levels of education for BEM people to express their voices and the value of BEM supplementary schools
Data Deficit and Africa-Focused IB Research and Publications
No full textData deficit has been a key factor constraining the publication of Africa-focused research in top-tier international business (IB) journals. However, data should be abundant enough to drive Africa-focused IB research and publications, considering the continent’s huge daily trade volumes and entrepreneurial activities, as well as its significant role in global geopolitics, which presents opportunities for the emergence of valuable research data. The primary outcome of this paper is a framework for holistically understanding the causes of the research data deficit regarding Africa, the implications of this deficit for IB research and publications, and the potential strategies for addressing the matter
Resurgence
No full textResurgence: Peoria Sculpture Walk, Illinois USA 2026 – January 2028
Also: ForM 2025, Bangor Castle Walled Garden, Northern Ireland, 1st – 30th June 2025
Altered States, Shaw House, Berkshire, 2nd August – 28th September 2025.
Wells Art Contemporary 2025, 8th October-1st November 2025
This practice-based research investigates the shifting position of 3D-printing within contemporary creative practice, addressing two core questions: whether additively manufactured works can be critically appraised alongside traditional sculpture without privileging their technological origins, and whether large-scale 3D printing can become an assessable, sustainable in-house method for the studio practitioner.
Although 3D printing was patented in the mid-1980s, meaningful access for independent artists only emerged in the early 2000s via commercial service bureaus. Over the past twenty-five years—shaped by patent expirations, open-source developments, and public familiarity—the technology has reached a level of maturity that permits a rigorous, dispassionate assessment of its creative potential. This research responds to that moment, shifting from speculative enthusiasm to evidence-led evaluation.
The resulting artwork embodies an original hybrid methodology that combines accessible, sub-£500 open-source printers with traditional fibreglass lamination. Here, 3D printing generates an armature capable of capturing the fluidity and precision of digital form, while fibreglass provides the structural integrity and finish required for public-realm durability. At three metres high, the work demonstrates—through practical experiment, iteration, and reflection—that a lone practitioner can produce large-scale, exhibition-standard sculpture via an affordable print-farm approach. This directly advances the second research question and contributes new knowledge regarding accessible modes of digital fabrication within creative practice.
The sculpture’s selection for The Peoria Sculpture Walk —a biannual rotating exhibition of eight outdoor public artwork sculptures from domestic and international artists—offers a robust test environment for the first research question, allowing the work to be evaluated primarily on artistic merit. Peoria in central Illinois, USA is a city of 111,696 (2024). The Sculpture Walk is located in the Warehouse District of Downtown Peoria. Resurgence has a sidewalk location on the busy SW Washington Street.
Conceived early in 2025, the piece was exhibited at a series of curated outdoor exhibition in the UK Spring to late Autumn 2025.
ForM 2025, Bangor Castle Walled Garden, Northern Ireland, 1st – 30th June 2025
Altered States, Shaw House, Berkshire, 2nd August – 28th September 2025.
Wells Art Contemporary 2025, 8th October-1st November 2025
Collectively, this research makes an original and significant contribution to contemporary sculpture, demonstrating critical parity between digitally fabricated and traditionally constructed works while evidencing a rigorous, scalable model for independent large-format production
Tolerance Management in Construction: A Potential Solution to Minimize Defects Associated with Dimensional Tolerances
No full textTolerance management is crucial in construction to ensure components fit together correctly, meet functional and aesthetic requirements, and avoid costly rework. Despite its importance, the construction industry often lacks a comprehensive method to effectively manage tolerances, leading to defects, increased costs, and project delays. This study aims to develop a systematic approach to tolerance management, addressing these prevalent issues. The research adopts a case study approach, focusing on a multi-storey commercial building project. Data collection involved 19 in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, comprehensive reviews of project documents, and regular site observations. These methods provided a holistic understanding of current tolerance management practices and informed the development of the Tolerance Management System (TMS). The TMS was developed based on an extensive literature review, root cause analysis, and empirical studies, effectively addressing the root causes of tolerance problems. Findings demonstrated that the TMS significantly reduced tolerance-related defects, improved construction quality, and minimized remedial costs. The case study highlighted the importance of early identification of tolerance requirements, clear communication, and continuous monitoring throughout the construction process. This study contributes to knowledge in engineering management by providing new insights into the drawbacks of existing tolerance management guidelines and offers a practical solution to improve tolerance management in construction, laying the foundation for more effective solutions in terms of process and digitalization
Antiracist Education: A Pedagogy for Social Change using a virtual Bosnian Genocide platform
No full textThis chapter considers mass atrocity crimes and specifically the crime of genocide and how we can apply the lessons from such crimes to build and deliver an anti-racist pedagogy that is activist-focused. Understanding the complex legal position of the crime of genocide and the events which demonstrate its manifestation, the settings in which genocide education occurs and the pedagogical models used to deliver such education is of paramount importance. Educators need to be equipped to address the demand on learners to move from a passive position of ‘Never Forget’ to work towards ‘Never Again’
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