Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae
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WINO W DIONYSIAKA NONNOSA W KSIĘGACH 1.1-12.138
Full text linkIn this article the author presents the references and allusions to wine in the 1.1 – 12.138 Dionysiaka of Nonnus. The analysis of the passages excerpted from the Dionysiaka shows that wine is present in Nonnos’ epos before its discovering in book 12. The presence of wine in the first 12 book of Dionysiaka has great significance for the composition and unity of Nonnus’ poem as based on the principle of variety. The analysis of the passages excerpted from the Dionysiaka shows that references to wine present in Nonnos’ epos precede the story of its discovery in book 12. The occurence of references and allusions to wine in the first 12 books of Dionysiaka has an important significance for the composition and unity of Nonnus’ poem based on the principle of variety
„Pornograficzne” interpretacje klasycznych mitów w starożytności grecko-rzymskiej
No full textThe paper deals with the phenomenon of “pornographic”, obscene interpretations of mythology in the Greco–Roman era. To date, this subject has remained largely neglected, despite the long tradition of mythological research, the contemporary fashion for study of ancient eroticism and sexuality, and the great role they played in Greek and Roman mythology. It is likely that the traditions of this kind, due to their nature, have disappeared almost without a trace. The author conducts a preliminary review of the preserved, fragmentary evidence, which has not yet been examined together: Pompeian graffiti mentioning a sexual interpretation of the myth of the fight of Heracles and Geryon, epigrams from the Palatine Anthology, Roman literature and historiography, Christian literature, paintings from Pompeii and Herculaneum and elsewhere, representations on Roman pottery, gems, lamps and mirrors.The paper deals with the phenomenon of “pornographic”, obscene interpretations of mythology in the Greco–Roman era. To date, this subject has remained largely neglected, despite the long tradition of mythological research, the contemporary fashion for study of ancient eroticism and sexuality, and the great role they played in Greek and Roman mythology. It is likely that the traditions of this kind, due to their nature, have disappeared almost without a trace. The author conducts a preliminary review of the preserved, fragmentary evidence, which has not yet been examined together: Pompeian graffiti mentioning a sexual interpretation of the myth of the fight of Heracles and Geryon, epigrams from the Palatine Anthology, Roman literature and historiography, Christian literature, paintings from Pompeii and Herculaneum and elsewhere, representations on Roman pottery, gems, lamps and mirrors
Olimp leży w Skandynawii, czyli o zawłaszczeniu świata mitów greckich przez XVI- i XVII-wieczne pisarstwo skandynawskie
No full textThe classical heritage played a significant role in early modern historical writing, shaping both the message and the narrative form. The inclusion of Greek myths served as a means to support the vision of a glorious past, thereby weaving national history into the broader tapestry of world history. In Scandinavian literature, four mythical stories were particularly influential: those of the Hyperboreans, the Cimmerians, Atlantis, and Odysseus’s travels. Central to this new interpretation was the effort to locate ancient sites and figures within Scandinavian territory.The classical heritage played a significant role in early modern historical writing, shaping both the message and the narrative form. The inclusion of Greek myths served as a means to support the vision of a glorious past, thereby weaving national history into the broader tapestry of world history. In Scandinavian literature, four mythical stories were particularly influential: those of the Hyperboreans, the Cimmerians, Atlantis, and Odysseus’s travels. Central to this new interpretation was the effort to locate ancient sites and figures within Scandinavian territory
Od Hezjoda do Parandowskiego – od mitu do mitologii
No full textThe article outlines the problem of research into the development of Greek mythology from individual ancient mythical tales to contemporary textbooks on Greek myths, such as Jan Parandowski’s book (Lviv 1924). The aim is to draw attention to the following questions: How did the collection of stories that we now call ‘Greek mythology’ come into being? What path did mythical plots take in antiquity, and between antiquity and the present day before they became the ‘Greek mythology’ we know today? Was the phenomenon of ‘mythology’ as a collection already known in antiquity? The second part of the paper points to the limitations of our concept of mythology and considers several specific cases that highlight the difficulties of reconstructing the ancient mythical tradition. The last part of the analysis examines Jan Parandowski’s work as the author of the most famous “Mythology”.The article outlines the problem of research into the development of Greek mythology from individual ancient mythical tales to contemporary textbooks on Greek myths, such as Jan Parandowski’s book (Lviv 1924). The aim is to draw attention to the following questions: How did the collection of stories that we now call ‘Greek mythology’ come into being? What path did mythical plots take in antiquity, and between antiquity and the present day before they became the ‘Greek mythology’ we know today? Was the phenomenon of ‘mythology’ as a collection already known in antiquity? The second part of the paper points to the limitations of our concept of mythology and considers several specific cases that highlight the difficulties of reconstructing the ancient mythical tradition. The last part of the analysis examines Jan Parandowski’s work as the author of the most famous “Mythology”
Wizerunek Protesilaosa w XIII liście ze zbioru „Heroides” Owidiusza
No full textThe story of Protesilaus, the first Greek warrior to die at Troy, is recounted in just a few lines in the second book of the Iliad; Homer adds that his grieving widow, named Laodamia, remained in her homeland. Over time, the original version was augmented with additional narrative elements, although the precise course of the literary tradition is difficult to discern. In the 1st century BC, this narrative thread of tragic love and death was explored in Rome by three poets: Catullus, Propertius, and Ovid. This paper deals with aspects of the literary portrayal of Protesilaus in Letter XIII (Laodamia to Protesilaus), which is part of Ovid’s Heroides.The story of Protesilaus, the first Greek warrior to die at Troy, is recounted in just a few lines in the second book of the Iliad; Homer adds that his grieving widow, named Laodamia, remained in her homeland. Over time, the original version was augmented with additional narrative elements, although the precise course of the literary tradition is difficult to discern. In the 1st century BC, this narrative thread of tragic love and death was explored in Rome by three poets: Catullus, Propertius, and Ovid. This paper deals with aspects of the literary portrayal of Protesilaus in Letter XIII (Laodamia to Protesilaus), which is part of Ovid’s Heroides
„Raport do El Greca” Nikosa Kazantzakisa zagubiony w tłumaczeniu (Report to Greco by Nikos Kazantzakis Lost in Translation)
Full text linkIn this essay, I analyse selected excerpts from the Polish edition of Nikos Kazantzakis’s Report to El Greco (2012), which was translated not directly from Greek but from an English text. My aim is to show what dangers await the translator when he omits the source text and the implications this has on the target text and, consequently, on the reception of the translated work. I focus mainly on the following issues: the incompleteness of the target text and content deficiencies in relation to the source text; the content inadequacy of the target text, the lack of lexical and phraseological equivalence; the lack of equivalence at the level of cultural references. The analysis reveals significant discrepancies, which are not limited to omissions or far-reaching paraphrases, but touch upon the core of Kazantzakis’ work, his key philosophical concepts, which are almost completely misrepresented in the Polish edition.In this essay, I analyse selected excerpts from the Polish edition of Nikos Kazantzakis’s Report to El Greco (2012), which was translated not directly from Greek but from an English text. My aim is to show what dangers await the translator when he omits the source text and the implications this has on the target text and, consequently, on the reception of the translated work. I focus mainly on the following issues: the incompleteness of the target text and content deficiencies in relation to the source text; the content inadequacy of the target text, the lack of lexical and phraseological equivalence; the lack of equivalence at the level of cultural references. The analysis reveals significant discrepancies, which are not limited to omissions or far-reaching paraphrases, but touch upon the core of Kazantzakis’ work, his key philosophical concepts, which are almost completely misrepresented in the Polish edition
O mądrym mężu, który wymyślił bogów. Mit antropogenetyczny w dramacie satyrowym „Syzyf”
No full textThe subject of this analysis is a fragment from the satyr play Sisyphus (T63 Laks, Most = 88 B25 DK = 43 F19 Snell). Although Sextus Empiricus (Adv. math. 9.54), to whom we owe the preservation of this fragment, attributed its authorship to Critias, a brutal Athenian politician from the 5th century BCE, a member of the oligarchic faction, also known as a poet. However, it is more likely that Sisyphus was written by Euripides. Thus, the text functions as a parody of sophistic discourse, voiced by the mythological trickster Sisyphus. The character’s monologue unfolds within a carefully structured narrative framework rooted in traditional anthropogonic myths. The tale of the “first human” rising above an animalistic existence (thēriṓdēs bíos, vv. 1–2) prompts reflections on the origins of religion, which is depicted as an instrument of manipulation: a fictional construct employed by powerful individuals to control the masses. This study situates the Sisyphus fragment within the broader intellectual context of late 5th-century BCE Athens, demonstrating how its narrative strategy allows the author to explore the boundaries of myth and its function in contemporary theatre.The subject of this analysis is a fragment from the satyr play Sisyphus (T63 Laks, Most = 88 B25 DK = 43 F19 Snell). Although Sextus Empiricus (Adv. math. 9.54), to whom we owe the preservation of this fragment, attributed its authorship to Critias, a brutal Athenian politician from the 5th century BCE, a member of the oligarchic faction, also known as a poet. However, it is more likely that Sisyphus was written by Euripides. Thus, the text functions as a parody of sophistic discourse, voiced by the mythological trickster Sisyphus. The character’s monologue unfolds within a carefully structured narrative framework rooted in traditional anthropogonic myths. The tale of the “first human” rising above an animalistic existence (thēriṓdēs bíos, vv. 1–2) prompts reflections on the origins of religion, which is depicted as an instrument of manipulation: a fictional construct employed by powerful individuals to control the masses. This study situates the Sisyphus fragment within the broader intellectual context of late 5th-century BCE Athens, demonstrating how its narrative strategy allows the author to explore the boundaries of myth and its function in contemporary theatre
Mit Herkulesa we wszesnonowożytnych kronikach katalońskich. Komentarz i przekłady
No full textThis article explores the presence of the Hercules myth in Iberian literature, focusing specifically on Catalan chronicles from the early modern period (Peter IV the Ceremonious, Tomic, Beuter and Carbonell). By tracing the chronological development of the legend, the study reveals the lines of borrowing and influence between initially separate Castilian and Catalan historiographical traditions, discusses the models and narratives that shaped the representation of Hercules in Catalan chronicles, and underscores the political motives behind the evolution of the myth. The article also provides translations with a commentary of the Catalan sources.This article explores the presence of the Hercules myth in Iberian literature, focusing specifically on Catalan chronicles from the early modern period (Peter IV the Ceremonious, Tomic, Beuter and Carbonell). By tracing the chronological development of the legend, the study reveals the lines of borrowing and influence between initially separate Castilian and Catalan historiographical traditions, discusses the models and narratives that shaped the representation of Hercules in Catalan chronicles, and underscores the political motives behind the evolution of the myth. The article also provides translations with a commentary of the Catalan sources
Wybrane „Wergiliana” w zbiorach kórnickich (Selected Works of Virgil in the Kórnik Library Collections)
Full text linkThe main purpose of this paper is to present selected manuscripts and old prints containing Virgil’s poetic works preserved in the collections of the Kórnik Library. A luxurious parchment manuscript from 1466, probably written for King Matthias Corvinus of Hungary, and an old-print with commentaries by Philip Melanchthon from the end of the 16th century were selected for deeper analysis. The latter book is preserved in two separate volumes in different libraries, which provided an opportunity to compare the two. Some attention was paid to the old-print containing the Italian translation of the Aeneid.The main purpose of this paper is to present selected manuscripts and old prints containing Virgil’s poetic works preserved in the collections of the Kórnik Library. A luxurious parchment manuscript from 1466, probably written for King Matthias Corvinus of Hungary, and an old-print with commentaries by Philip Melanchthon from the end of the 16th century were selected for deeper analysis. The latter book is preserved in two separate volumes in different libraries, which provided an opportunity to compare the two. Some attention was paid to the old-print containing the Italian translation of the Aeneid
Wątki egipskie w greckich opowieściach mitycznych
No full textThe paper discusses the reception of Egyptian motifs in Greek mythography based on three case studies: Herodotus’ Histories, Diodorus Siculus’ Library of History and Plato’s Phaedrus. It is argued that all of these works contain elements that find their parallels in either Late Egyptian or Demotic texts. The content of these was made accessible to the Greek authors either through written translations or oral conversations with Egyptian priests. As a result, it is argued that the idea that naming Egyptian priests as a source of knowledge by the classical authors should not be automatically interpreted as a mere topos, since this might actually reflect historical reality, at least in some instances.The paper discusses the reception of Egyptian motifs in Greek mythography based on three case studies: Herodotus’ Histories, Diodorus Siculus’ Library of History and Plato’s Phaedrus. It is argued that all of these works contain elements that find their parallels in either Late Egyptian or Demotic texts. The content of these was made accessible to the Greek authors either through written translations or oral conversations with Egyptian priests. As a result, it is argued that the idea that naming Egyptian priests as a source of knowledge by the classical authors should not be automatically interpreted as a mere topos, since this might actually reflect historical reality, at least in some instances