AfricArXiv
Not a member yet
1453 research outputs found
Sort by
Open Repositories in Uganda: Gains and Sustainability Mechanisms for Institutional Repositories of Three Institutions That Participated in the Concluded EIFL/SPIDER Project
Get PDFSeroconversion of Hepatitis B Vaccine in Young Children in Kwadaso District of Ghana.
Get PDFThis study evaluated seroconversion and seroprotection status of children in the Kwadaso District of Ghana, and it's a cross-sectional study.1.1. Background
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection is an important public health problem that requires high priority efforts towards prevention and control. Active immunization is the single most important and effective preventive measure against HBV infection. As a protective measure, Ghana—after introducing the mass immunization program against hepatitis B infection in children in 2002—continued her Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) in 2019. This study evaluated seroconversion (the point in time when the amount of antibody in the blood becomes detectable) and seroprotection (the point in time when the amount of antibody in the blood is enough to confer protection from the antigen that induced it production) status of children under this mass immunization program and measured their antibody levels four years after immunization.
1.2. Materials and Method
220 archived plasma samples of children between the ages of 1–10 years were retrieved from a previous cross-sectional study by researchers from KCCR between 2010 and 2014. Of these, 105 have completed the EPI and were screened for HBsAg. Those found to be HBsAg-seronegative were stratified into three groups according to their age at which the last vaccine was administered. Their anti-HBsAg titer levels were estimated by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA).
1.3. Results
Four (1.9%) samples were HBsAg seropositive and were excluded from further analyses. 9 more samples were excluded from analyses because they were insufficient. The anti-HBs titers recorded ranged from 1.021 IU/L to 751.64 IU/L indicating a 100% seroconversion rate. In group one (0–6 months), 87.9% were seroprotected. Group two (2-3yrs) had 78.3% seroprotection and group three (3-5yrs) had 41.7% seroprotection. There was no significant difference between group 1 and 2. However, there was a significant difference between group 1 and 3 (p = 0.0137) and between group 2 and 3 (p = 0.0390) respectively. There was no significant difference between male and female children.
1.4. Conclusion
All the children who received doses of hepatitis B vaccine at 6, 10 and 14 weeks in the immunization program seroconverted, but their levels of protection waned with increasing years. Booster doses are therefore recommended after 5 years.Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research (KCCR)
The Science Research Mentoring Program
eduroam in Africa
Get PDFeduroam is the secure, worldwide roaming access service developed for the international research and education community to address the increasing need for fast and secure Internet connection everywhere. With over 6.4 billion international authentications to date stretching across 106 countries, eduroam is expanding in Africa, where National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) are going beyond the traditional campus connectivity aiming at bridging the digital divide. Uganda, South Africa and Kenya are leading the way and connecting users off campus at bus stops, libraries, cafes, and hospitals. NRENs are at the helm of Africa’s digital transformation and eduroam is a tangible solution to bridging the digital divide. This paper is, therefore, a guidebook detailing the technology behind eduroam, the benefits and the challenges for its four main target groups in Africa: users, institutions, NRENs and municipalities. The call for action is to further deploy eduroam hotspots and provide connectivity everywhere on the continent, including remote areas and unprivileged communities where students, researchers and teachers are present.European Commissio
Group-Based Psychoeducational Workshop for Parents in Kenya: Findings from a Pilot Study
Get PDFSupplemental Materials: https://osf.io/2svte/Introduction: Low levels of mental health literacy amongst parents can have negative effects on youth mental wellbeing and help-seeking behaviors. Here, we explored the impact of a brief psychoeducational workshop on improving parent mental health literacy and family relationships in Kibera, a low-resource high-risk setting in Nairobi, Kenya.
Methods: The workshop was designed to address this issue, and it was delivered by trained facilitators to small groups of parents (N=72). Data was collected at baseline, post-workshop, two-week follow-up, and one-month follow-up.
Results: Statistical and thematic analysis of the data revealed significant improvements in parent mental health literacy scores and family relationships, indicating the acceptability and effectiveness of this workshop.
Discussion: The findings suggest that brief, group-based psychoeducational workshops can be effective in improving parent mental health literacy and family relationships, thereby addressing challenges faced by parents and youth in the Kenyan context. Future studies are needed to conclusively determine if such workshops can improve participants’ own mental health or their perception of child behavior
I-X-ray ebona izinto ezincane kakhulu ingasetshenziswa ukwenza imephu yezitho zezinambuzane ezincane
Get PDFZulu translation of DOI: 10.31730/osf.io/2urxfUkulinganisa izakhiwo zokuphefumula kwezinambuzane kanye nokuhluka kwazo kusalokhu kuyinselele ngenxa yobukhulu bazo obuncane kakhulu. Lapha sikala ivolumu yoqhoqhoqho lwezinambuzane sisebenzisa i-X-ray micro-tomography (µCT) ukuhlola (ekulungisweni okungu-15 µm) ezibungwini eziphilayo, ezithulile zebhungane le-cerambycid Cacosceles newmannii kosayizi bemizimba ehlukene. Kuleli phepha sinikeza imininingwane egcwele yevolumu kanye namamodeli e-3D ezipopolo ezingu-12, ehlinzeka ngemininingwane emisha yokuphindaphinda kokuhlaziywa kwezithombe kanye nomehluko wesici se-tracheal wesakhiwo ohlinzekwa ngezindlela ezihlukene zokuhlukanisa izithombe. Imininingwane inikezwa lapha ngezifunda zomzila we-tracheal ezihlukaniswe ngamamodeli we-3D
Assessment of Health, Food Consumption Pattern and Physical Activities Among Students’ Athletes in Federal Polytechnic Bauchi
No full textNutrition and well-being play vital roles in the field of sports and the overall performance of Athletes. The main purpose of nutrition is to ensure the compensation of increased energy consumption and the need for nutrients in the athlete's body, thereby enabling maximum adaption of physical loads. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between health, food consumption patterns, and physical activities among student athletes to improve their performance. This will help boost their physical performance. The study aim to improve the effect of sport nutrition intervention on nutritional knowledge and dietary practices among student athlete. A cross-sectional study was used and data was collected from the respondents using a well-structured questionnaire. The respondents were selected using a simple random technique and the data obtained was analyzed using the statistical package for social Science (SPSS) version 20.0. The majority of respondents (58.6%) engaged in moderate physical activity. 44.4% of the respondents ate twice daily 33.6% ate twice daily and 17.7% ate more thrice daily. Most of the respondents (43. 1%%) ate fruits occasionally but 18. 5% of the respondents did not eat fruits daily. 74. 1% of the respondents had not suffered from any of the ailments while 24.1% of the respondents had suffered from a form of ailment. The study revealed that nutrition, physical performance and the level of functional capacity of human beings are interrelated. Athletes must ensure that they take their dietary practices with optimum importance, as it enhances and boost physical performance, overall health and quick recovery
An Odyssey into the World of Enzymes
No full textAn Inaugural Lecture Delivered at Oduduwa Hall, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria on Tuesday, 14th March, 2023 by Isaac Olusanjo Adewale, Professor of Biochemistry
Inaugural Lecture Series 369An Inaugural Lecture Delivered at Oduduwa Hall, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria on Tuesday, 14th March, 2023 by Isaac Olusanjo Adewale, Professor of Biochemistry
Inaugural Lecture Series 36
Introducing the Role of Shaping Order K in Set Shaping Theory
No full textSet Shaping Theory, an emerging area of study, delves into the transformation of data sets via bijection functions. Central to this theory is the parameter K, which determines the extent of transformation, essentially reshaping the data. This article introduces the pivotal role of K in the Set Shaping Theory, shedding light on its implications for data compression and transformation dynamics
FAIRsharing – A Globally Inclusive Curated Resource On Data And Metadata Standards
No full textWatch the recording
https://africarxiv.pubpub.org/pub/rnyoeatk#nv7gq0jniimFAIRsharing is a curated resource on data and metadata standards, interrelated to databases and data policies, across all disciplines. We will hear what documentation FAIRsharing holds for African research standards, databases, and more