Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research (KJAR)
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Traffic Accidents Analysis on Dry and Wet Road Bends Surfaces in Greater Manchester-UK
Get PDFRoad accidents becomes global health and safety issues because of the gradual increase in the number of injuries and fatalities. In the UK, road accidents due to weather conditions has been one of the traffic safety challenges for researchers as well as drivers particularly in Greater Manchester. This is because of its influence on driver behaviour approaching traffic lights on the road bends. Hence, to better understand driver behaviour, this paper presents various driving behaviour on wet and dry road conditions. Data were obtained from police reports of road accidents at hazardous locations in Greater Manchester between 2011 and 2015. The reported data covers information regarding: Accidents, Vehicle, and Casualties. The obtained data was used to examine how road surface is associated with road accidents by using Chi-Square statistical test. The analysis showed that road surface significantly contributed to accidents at bend roads. Moreover, drivers’ behaviour was investigated as they can be expected to have a significant impact on accident occurrence. Finally, the main goal is that these results might reflect the safety issue at bend roads
A new control strategy for PMSG based wind turbine to improve power smoothing
Get PDFThis paper presents a new simple control strategy for direct driven PMSG wind turbines, using no wind speed sensor. There are several strategies for wind turbine control. Operation of different strategies in terms of power smoothing is compared. New strategy is proposed to have more power smoothing. Performance of the proposed strategy is evaluated by MATLAB/ Simulink simulations and its validity and effectiveness are verified
Study of the Chemical and Sensory Properties of a Calcium–milk Coagulum
Get PDFThe chemical and sensory properties of a calcium–milk coagulum which were prepared from heated skim milk were investigated. The yield of calcium milk coagulum was 18.16%, and this value was higher than the yield of soft cheese which was 10.6%. At zero degree of cold storage, the moisture, total solids, acidity, lactose, proteins and ash% in calcium milk coagulum were 66.6, 33.3, 0.14, 3.7, 26.9 and 1.7 % respectively, While these values in soft cheese were 72,27.9, 0.13, 3.5, 21.8 and 1.4 % respectively.Sensory evolution scores for flavour, holes, bitterness, appearance & colour of calcium milk coagulum at zero degree and after 28 days of storage at 7±1°C were higher than soft cheese, while texture and body scores were less than soft cheese. After 14 days storage at (7±1 °C) the total bacterial count, Coliform count and fungi count of the soft cheese sample was significantly higher than that in calcium milk coagulum
The Effectiveness of Posturicular Fascial Flap as an Adjunct to Suture Otoplasty
Get PDFMustardé technique of otoplasty is probably the most famous and practical among all otoplasty procedures especially in our centers. Yet it possesses the risk of suture extrusion, stitch granulomas and recurrence. Such complications have been reported, albeit few, yet they are bothersome to patients and their families. Placing tissues between the suture lines and the postauricular incision whether grafts or fascial flaps have been reported to reduce these complications.This study was set to evaluate the effectiveness of elevating a post-auricular fascial flap to cover the sutures in Mustardé and Furnas techniques for reducing the risk of suture extrusion and granulomas and possibly recurrence.Eleven patients with prominent ears (21 ears) fit our inclusion criteria. Nine of them were males and two females. They underwent suture otoplasty with post-auricular fascial flap in Burn and Plastic Surgery Hospital in Sulaimania from December 2011 to July 2015. Their mean age was 15.5 years, with a mean follow-up period of 242 days (ranged from 66 days to 431 days. Polydioxanone suture was used in (6 ears), and polypropylene suture was used in (15 ears).We achieved 91% satisfaction rates among patients and their families (only one patient was unsatisfied). One patient developed partial recurrence of the middle half of antihelix in one side (4.7%). Another one developed bleeding that only needed pressure and change dressing in the left ear (4.7%). Adding fascial flap to cover the sutures appears to be beneficial in preventing suture extrusions and granulomas and possibly recurrence by acting as another supporting layer
Control Rate of Diabetic and Hypertensive Adult Patients in Association with Demographic and Healthy Behaviour Factors in Garmian- Kurdistan Region
Get PDFHypertension and diabetes mellitus (DM) are the two major inter-correlated risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, which considered as the major causes of morbidity and mortality. This study is set up to determine control rate, and the social demographic and health related behaviours risk factors in association with control rate in hypertensive and/or diabetes patients who are under treatment. Cross sectional study was carried out in this study. Data have been collected by well-trained paramedics through direct interviews using structured questionnaire with the participants. A conventional sampling which is one of the main types of non-probability method was used for collecting data. SPSS version 16 was used for analysing data. 338 patients were recruited into the study, 150(44.1%) of participants with hypertension,88(25.9%) with diabetes and the rest 100(29.4%) with both diseases. Patients who diagnosed with hypertension weremore under control 83 (55.3%) in comparison with diabetic23(26.1%) and patients who were diagnosed both conditions 18(18.0%). High control rate was observed in hypertension patients compared to diabetes and those diagnosed both conditions. Cor morbidity was the main cause of uncontrolled rate
Effects of Chemical Weapons on Cancer Development in Human
Get PDFAlthough use of chemical weapons has low probability, it can cause a large scale casualties among exposed people if it is used. These kind of weapons have been used by human being since ancient history. However, the first large scale usage started with World War I followed by World War II. Several regulations and guidelines have been set by different organizations such as North Atlantic Treaty Organization and Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons to limit the usage of these weapons. However, till the present time the world is not free from the risk of these weapons on human life.While the effects of chemical weapons on certain human systems including respiratory and immune systems as well as the dermatological complications have been extensively studied, the relation between chemical weapons and cancer development has not been fully understood. This review addresses the definition and usage of chemical weapons in addition to the types of chemical agents used in their production. Evidences about the chemical weapons and cancer development have also been thoroughly discussed. In summary, it appears that data regarding carcinogenicity of chemical weapons in human are both limited and contradictory. Accordingly, any claim about the carcinogenic effects of these kind of weapons in the exposed victims need to be properly validated
Dactylogyrus dulkeiti Bychowsky, 1936 (Monogenea: Dactylogyride): first occurrence on the gills of Carassius auratus Linnaeus, 1758 from Dukan Lake in Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Get PDFThis study presents the first record of the monogenean parasite Dactylogyrus dulkeiti Bychowsky, 1936 on gill filaments of the crucian carp Carassius auratus in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Fifty two fishes were collected from Dukan Lake that is located in the northwest of Sulaimani City from April to the end of July 2015. The prevalence of this parasite was 7.69% and the mean of intensity was 8.5. The description and measurement of this parasite has been discussed in details in the current work. The aim of the studyis to indicate the parasitic fauna of an exotic species of fish that introduced in Dukan Lake in Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Architecture as system: Study of housing systems evolution
Get PDFUnderstanding architecture via the concept of system came after numerous, rapid and different developments upon all aspects of architecture, especially since the last third of past century till the present day.Some theories characterized architecture as the complex whole that based on the different relationships and interrelationships with different sciences, besides of the multiplicity and independency of internal components, it should be assigned into the world of integrated system.This study attempts to explain the phenomenon of architecture through the concept of (system), in order to include both its cognitive (the subject) - which is potential, and realistic presence (the object) -which is explicit. This study tries to explore both sides of the concept, in order to understand the architectural system -in one hand and determining its components -in the other hand.To find out how these systems which have been developed via some housing projects, as an integrated system; comprised by secondary sub-systems with clear limits, within the total system of the housing project. This study follows the inductive and descriptive approach as a methodology, depending on the related literatures and applied available theories in residential projects during different periods of time.The study aims to identify the systems and levels, set to reach a comprehensive understanding of the architectural system in general, and the evolutions of housing systems, in particular, benefiting from the rapid developments of this architectural style (Housing), which have been seen in many various levels too
Morphological and morphometric study of Echinococcus granulosus (metacestode) in Sulaimani Province/ Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Get PDFHydatid disease (echinococcosis) is a parasitic infection caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus with the global distribution. This disease is endemic in Iraq and Kurdistan Region with no strategy and long-term control plan. The strain identification of this parasite is essential to improve both monitoring and prevention of the disease. For this reason, the present on the morphological characterization of the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus isolated from sheep, cattle, and human beings, was carried out in Sulaimani as an atempt to determine the polymorphism among echinococcus hooks isolated from diferent hosts. The morphometric of hooks were evaluated by (computerized morphometric) software. A significant difference was found in the blade length and width (guard) of the hook isolated from a different intermediate host of Echinococcus. This finding suggested that different strains of E. granulosus are responsible for animal and human infection in Kurdistan-Iraq
Design of Low Profile Multiband USB Dongle Antenn
Get PDFA dual band F-shaped printed mono-pole antenna (USB dongle) with two meandered strips is proposed and tested. The two strips that resonating at 2.45 GHz and 5.2 GHz have uniform and fixed width of 0.5 mm. A thin layer of 0.8 mm thickness FR4 substrate (permittivity =4.4, loss tangent=0.0245) which is economically cheap is used for the unit fabrication. The two resonant modes will best support Bluetooth (BT) and WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) having enough supportive bandwidth which is defined by -10dB reflection coefficient. The proposed unit is low profile, compact and simple to fabricate. The whole unit that has an overall size of (0.8mm x 10 mm x 40 mm) is efficient for having 97% and 94 % total radiation efficiency at both operating frequencies respectively. Through applying different simulation scenarios to the unit such as varying the feeding location and changes in the strips length, it has been revealed that the antennas is sensitive and reactive. The proposed antenna has provided good performance and Omni-directional radiation pattern. Good matching between the simulated and measured reflection coefficient results for the antenna prototype has been achieved