Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research (KJAR)
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Comparison of Growth Traits and Yields Components of five Chickpeas Genotypes (Cicer arietinum L.) at Bakrajo/ Sulaymaniyah Conditions
Get PDFThis study was carried out in Bakrajo Technical Institute, affiliates to the Sulaimania Polytechnic University. The investigation was done to find the relationships between genotypes and sowing times of five chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) during 2017-2018 seasons. Genotypes and sowing time are two significant variables which have impact on crop performance. However, heat stress throughout reproductive growth it is possible to cause Significant productivity loss. According to the environment conditions in winter season in the northern Iraq; crop meets slight heat and the acceptable moisture during reproductive growth and maturity. This leads to resulting in maximum and consistent yields, as well as there is a positive correlation between Maturity and Seed Yield (kg/h) as resulted from the experiment. Experimentation was laid out in a randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) with three replications applied. Results of analysis of variance outlined that there was significant difference between chickpeas varieties in the most of traits such as no. of branches per plant, 50 % flowering, no. of pods per plant ,leaf area , seeds weight per plant and the 100 seeds weight plus harvest index, which in turn give a share in to raise yields and yield components. Sowing time and varieties had significant effects on all measured trait, Ghab 1; Filip 2 and Filip 3 winters sowing genotypes gave higher seed yield, 1582.66, 1554.66 and 1533.33 Kg/h respectively. Minimum yield 662, 480 Kg/h was recorded in the Local and Swrka spring sowing genotype
Effect of planting distances and Humic Acid application on some vegetative growth and yield of Broad bean (Vicia faba L. var. Somar) in outdoor condition
Get PDFThe seeds of the Somar variety (local production) were planted in mid of October (after being soaked with water for 16 hours) in panels 1.5 x 2 meters. Broad bean (Vicia faba var. Somar) was studied in outdoor to determine the effect of three planting distances (20, 25 and 30 cm), four different Humic Acid (HA) concentration doses (zero, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5) ml / liter H2O, with three replicates on some of the plant’s vegetative and yield traits; Plant Height (cm), Plant Diffusion (cm), Number of Branches /Plant, Number of Flowers / Plant, Number of Pods / Plant, % percentage of Pods Set, Total Pods Yield /plant (gm), Pod Weight (gm). The (HA) were added by spray way directly to the top of the soil with two applications, the first after 3 weeks from complete germination, while the second after branching immediately. The experiment was designed as Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Based on Total pods yield / plant (gm), the best interaction between the plant distance and different concentration of (HA) was a combination of the planting distance 30 cm, and treated the soil with 3.0 ml/ literH2O
A Comparison Between Core Biopsy and Imaging Techniques (Ultrasound and Mammography) In diagnosis of Breast Cancer in Slemani Breast Center
Get PDFBreast cancer is the global health problem. It is the highest prevalent site-specific cancer in women throughout the world and the most common reason of death in middle age women, following lung cancer. Up to 5% of breast cancers are caused by inheritance. Male breast cancer accounts for less than 1%. Mammography is the first imaging study to evaluate breast abnormalities, Ultrasound is particularly useful in young women with dense breasts. Core needle biopsy permits the analysis of breast tissue architecture and whether invasive cancer is present. To compare core needle biopsy and imaging, the accuracy of each modality for purpose of the diagnosis and their impact on preoperative planning before surgical treatment. A retrospective cohort study was performed in 70 cases of breast cancer during 2015-2017 at Slemani Breast Center/ Kurdistan region. Inclusion criteria any patient with diagnosed with breast cancer for whom core biopsy and imaging techniques (ultrasound and mammography) were done, Age 25 years and above. Exclusion criteria, a patient with breast mass who did not underwent: one of the two modalities, Age below 25 years, pregnant women. In the current study: mean age/year for the participants were Mean age = 51.34 year ± 12.85 SD), Sixty-nine cases were female and one male. By core biopsy (97.1%) is positive for malignancy. In this study: results about 34.28% of BIRADS V (ultrasound)lesions proved to be positive for malignancy by core biopsy, 1.43% of BIRADS V were negative for malignancy and the association was statistically highly significant, for BIRADS III lesions 17.14% were proved as positive for malignancy by core biopsy. About 45.7% of BIRADS V (mammography were positive for malignancy by core biopsy and the associations were found to be statistically highly significant and for BIRADS III 12.85% of lesions were positive for malignancy by core biopsy. There was a statistically significant association between radiological investigation(ultrasound, mammography) and histopathological finding (core biopsy).
 
A Case-Control Study for Assessing Risk Factors for Congenital Anomalies among Children in Sulaimani City
No full textCongenital anomalies comprise a wide range of abnormalities in body structure or function that are present at birth and are of prenatal origin. These are defined as structural changes that have significant medical, social or cosmetic consequences for the affected individual, and typically require medical intervention. According to our Knowledge, research is scarce on these conditions in Sulaimaniyah city. Therefore, the current study was conducted to investigate potential risk factors for congenital anomalies. A case-control study was carried out from March to August 2017 involving 400 children (200 cases and 200 controls) aged 0-5 years. Required data were obtained on the risk factors through face to face interviews with mothers of cases and controls. The data were using descriptive statistical methods, Chi-square and Logistic Regression using STATA 11, calculating odds ratios and condensing P value less than 0.05 as statistically significant. The mean age of the children was 1.9 years and age of their mothers at the time of pregnancy was 28 years. Congenital heart anomalies were the commonest type accounting for 27.5%. Significant risk factors for congenital anomalies were family history (OR=2.24, P= 0.007), maternal obesity (OR= 2.26, P= 0.001), mothers age over 30 (OR=2.78, P= 0.002) and mothers not using folic acid during pregnancy (OR=2.12, P= 0.0007). In general, in order to control and prevent the cases of CM, it is important to provide health education and policies to reduce environmental and maternal risk factors. Further, studies with larger sample size are needed to investigate incidence and risk factors of congenital anomalies
Comparison and Economic Feasibility Study of The Productivity of Five Varieties of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
Get PDFIn general, economic and agricultural policy of the successive Iraqi governments was not toward agricultural development and achieve food security, whether for humans or animals, for dependence on exports of oil to import country's food needs in a difficult currency, which cost the state budget amounts. Scientific and technological underdevelopment, lack of feasibility studies, economic performance,customs, social traditions, religious beliefs and neglect of the farmer caused a lack of interest in the cultivation of barley and its selection of high quality and quantity varieties of grains,straw,land, storage, and marketing operations.The study was conducted to assess the economic feasibility of the productivity of the five Asian barley varieties (Hordeum vulgare L.), (Arivat, Norma ,Iba99 ,NS313 andBip999) for grain and straw yield in Bakrajo area during the winter season of (2015 -2016). The results showed that grain and straw yield parameters were significantly varied according to varieties. Significant increase in grain yield (2720kg/ha), hay yield (3643kg/ha), grain and hay cost (736.180)1000ID/ha, hay revenue (582.880) 1000ID/ha, grain revenue (1019.997)1000ID/ha, profit (866.697)1000ID/ha, seed product (27.200) kg and 1000ID income (2.221) were recorded for NS313 and Bip999 varieties, while the number of grains / spike (44.133) and plant length (89.433) cm was recorded for Iba99 variety
Histopathological and morphological alterations in salivary gland of House fly Musca domestica L., induced by oral administration Thiamethoxam
Get PDFThe current work the effect of Actara insecticide belongs to chemical family Neonicotinoid. The active component of thiamethoxam in three concentrations: 0.750 ppm, 1.5 ppm and 2.25ppm on adult house fly salivary glands. Histopathological and morphological effects revealed important alterations produced by this insecticide in histological and morphology of the adult house fly gland tissue categorized by increasing gland duct lumen diameter. These alterations are possibly related with excretion function of salivary gland might be accountable for removing this insecticide. Results show thiamethoxam is a powerful insecticide that performances histologically in salivary glant tissue, triggering alterations in the glands form, cytoplasm with extreme vacuolation ,disruption cell membrane, obvious disorganization tissues cells, terminating in progressive deteriorating phase with changes in nucleus glandular cell's, such alterations occurred together in its size and form of gland, disintegration of nucleus, and presence of apoptosis(fragmentation) nucleus, accelerating the process of glandular degeneration ,and interfering with feeding process of house fly particularly when the peak concentration of insecticide was used
Copyright Protection for Digital Certificate using Blind Watermarking Technique
Get PDFThis paper proposes a copyright protection system for digital certificate image using blind watermarking technique by applying discrete wavelet transform algorithm (DWT). The proposed technique utilizes three interrelated watermarks namely, Red watermark (RW), Green-watermark (GW) and Blue-watermark (BW). Firstly, RGB cover and RGB watermark image are divided for three color space R,G,B. Then the R component is chosen for embedding (RW), the B component is selected for embedding the (BW) and the G component is selected for embedding the (GW), R,G and B of the cover image are converted into the transform domain using DWT, and is subsequently decomposed into three levels viz. LH1, LL2 and LL3 sub-bands. RW, GW and BW are then embedded onto LL3. Experimental results show that the performance of the proposed technique is very encouraging with average PSNR of 44 db, and NCC value of more than 0.99 for extracted watermarks after performing several types of attacks
Isolation of Karanjin from Pongamia Pinnata and Its Identification by Difference Analytical Techniques
Get PDFKaranjin is the medicinal drug that used as anti- inflammatory and anti-cancer. The object of this study is to isolate karanjin in karanja (pongamia pinnata Linn.) seed oil. The seed oil was subjected to triple petroleum with continuously constant shaking for first 48 hours, 24 hours for each second and third extraction then separated under reduced pressure at 50?C on rotatory evaporate to get yellow viscous oil. Separate non-fatty components using ethanol solvent and reduced under 50?C with pressure to get (43.33 g) yellow oil. The oil was kept for 3 days at 45?C in refrigerator white deposited at bottom of oil, the residue recrystallized with methanol it should be done fast and carefully to prevent solubility of karanjin in methanol partially, the purity of isolated karanjin was found to be (99.623%). From TLC, HPL, IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR spectra data, structure elucidation was done and the structure was confirmed as karanjin
The Relationship Between Serum 25 hydroxy Vitamin D Deficiency and Dietary Pattern in Baxshin Hospital, Sulaimani City
Get PDFVitamin D is one of the fat-soluble vitamins that have a great role in phosphate and calcium balance and bone structure. To our knowledge, there are limited data on the relation between dietary pattern and serum vitamin d concentration. Therefore, the aim of the current study is find out whether, there are any associations between serum vitamin D and with any specific dietary pattern. A cross sectional study was implemented in Baxshen hospital in order to find the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its relation with dietary pattern among healthy participants. 1131 participants were enrolled in the current study male and female with age 18 – 65 years old, living in Sulaimani city and its districts have not used any supplement in the past 6 months before enrolling the study. Two questionnaires were used for collecting of data, the first one was included demographical data of the participants. Including their age, gender, marital status, educational level, address, and etc. The second one was data on dietary pattern; particularly we focused on some vitamin D dietary sources. A three-day dietary records estimate was taken from the patients and this data were coded and put in dietary software (windiet) and then analyzed. The age of the sample ranged from 18 to 65 years old with the mean of 34.34 years old with a standard deviation of 12.6. One hundred sixty-two (14.3%) of the 1131 participants were female, nine hundred sixty-nine (85.7%) of the participants were male. 65.5 % of them exposure to sun less than 30, 34.5% exposure to sun more than half hour. About 84.6% of participants had severe deficiency of vitamin D and 6.9% of participants had adequate vitamin D. Fish, eggs and yogurt conception was common among those participants whom their serum vitamin D was adequate, in contrary, there were less consumed among those who had vitamin D deficiency. The percentage of obese (99.8%) was significantly higher than normal weight and overweight among severe deficiency Vitamin D. Furthermore, a highly percentage of adequate was (93.6%) in the normal weight. The mean of vitamin D intake was 761 ± 195.65 IU, in normal weight group, and the mean of vitamin d intake was 125.98 ± 53.15 IU, in obese group. This study has concluded that the reach Dietary sources of vitamin D is not enough to provide the body adequate amount of vitamin D, in addition, Obese and overweight individuals tend to have less serum vitamin D status compared to normal weight individuals and finally recommended daily amount of vitamin d intake should be established for Kurdistan people
Maternal Serum Uric Acid as an Index of Perinatal Outcomes in Severe Preeclampsia
Get PDFPreeclampsia is a multisystem disorder characterized by gestational hypertension after the 20th week of gestation with proteinuria, is common and dangerous adverse event of pregnancy. Several studies reported relationship between uric acid concentrations and severity of disease in pregnant women. The objective of this study was to explore the relation between serum uric acid level and perinatal outcomes. A case–control study conducted in Sulaimani Maternity Teaching Hospital from January 2014 to July 2014. Included 100 pregnant women in third trimester with signs and symptoms of labour, who had no comorbid diseases. Grouped to 30 control without hypertension, 30 with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and 40 with severe preeclampsia based on clinical and laboratory evaluation. SPSS v21 was used for obtain mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentage. One way ANOVA test used to obtain P value with consider <0.05 significant value. Results show serum uric acid mean and standard deviation (±SD) for control, PIH and severe preeclampsia groups were (5.83 ± 9.544), (4.35 ± 1.372) and (7.59 ± 0.508) respectively. The positive and significant (? 0.001) correlation coefficient was found between high serum uric acid level and oligohydramnios, low birth weight and low Apgar score. The highest level of serum uric acid was recorded in preeclampsia group and the lowest level was in PIH group. Significant and adverse perinatal outcomes relation were noted in the patients with high serum uric acid (>7 mg/dl); decreased amniotic fluid index (AFI), caused low birth weight and low Apgar score. In
conclusion that severity of illness in pregnant preeclampsia cases can be estimated by serum uric acid level and high serum uric acid indicate high risk cases. Maternal serum uric acid is a useful index for estimate fetal health status and predict neonate outcomes