Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research (KJAR)
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Online Course Registration and Advisory Systems Based on Students’ Personal and Social Constraints
Get PDFKomar University of Science and Technology (KUST) is among very few universities in Iraq that follows the prerequisite system which is very common in the tertiary level institutions around the world. In such kinds of systems, the prerequisites represent a one or set of courses a student must have completed in order to be able to enrol on a specific course. Although these kinds of systems give total freedom to students on when and how they are going to take courses, deciding which course to take that serves in the best interest of the student is very challenging and sometimes time consuming.This paper presents a web based system developed and implemented by KUST facilitating course registration for the students and administrative staff such that the best possible schedule and course/section combination is presented to the students considering their personal constraints and course requirements. To assist students to make proper decisions the system provides them with collected and analyzed historical data about each offered course such as passing rate of the course, the number of selected friends who registered for and marked the course as favorite and how many courses the selected course is prerequisite of. The collected data is gathered from the currently in place database containing course registration data since spring 2016 which is believed to be adequate to produce accurate results.The system also has the role of academic advisor, which plays an important role in the students’ academic life. Since traditional advising requires extra effort, times and sometimes the suggestion that comes from an academic advisor might not be in the best interest of students due to the lack of information about the student’s academic background or not having sufficient time advising a large number of students in a short window of registration period
Shadi Park Renovation with Social Development Emphasis: A Case Study Halabja City, Iraq
Get PDFThe expansion of urbanization and the lack of open spaces in cities, urban green spaces have become very important, especially in recent decades. Among urban green spaces, parks are important because they have leisure and recreational functions, and the favorable physical and mental effects on humans have been proven today. Depreciation of materials, park equipment, destruction of vegetation and lifestyle changes over time have changed the needs and desires of the people and caused the old parks do not meet the needs of citizens. Today, improving parks is a new approach that makes parks matches the demands human beings have evolved over time with the advancement of technology. Shadi Park in Iraq is one of the regional urban parks; the lack of its design, as well as the wear and tear of some uses, lack of optimal lighting system and various uses by different age groups reduces the number of visits. In this research, based on field perceptions of the park and public opinion polls, prioritization and solutions to strengthen the presence of people has been pointed out. The results of the questionnaire indicate the priority of people's demands, the most important of which include: building a sports venue for women, proper service of restaurants and cafes during the day and night, the presence of swimming pools and fountains in the park, parking at the entrances, space allocation to hold cultural and artistic festivals
The effect of ileostomy closure timing on low anterior resection syndrome in patient who underwent low anterior resection for rectal cancer
Get PDFThis is a multi-center retrospective study of patients underwent low anterior resection for rectal cancer. Ileostomy had been done to protect low lying Colo-rectal anastomosis, closure of ileostomy had been delayed in some patients due to patient own will, surgical complications (anastomotic leak) or coarse of chemotherapy. This study aimed to find the effect of temporary ileostomy on post-operative bowel defunction which is called Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS), and include; urgency, difficulty in emptying of bowel, and incontinence for feces and flatus. A total of 50 patients included in this study, the age ranges from the 19 to 80 years old with a mean age of 51.96 years. The total number of males was (33, %66). Majority of patients were overweight (21, 42%). The distance of tumors from the anal verge were less than 10 cm in (31,62%). The mean duration of fecal diversion was 7.17 months. Loop ileostomy were closed before six months in (27,54%). The mean duration of diversion of patients developed no LARS was 6.87 months which is shorter than those of developed LARS (7.31). Lower BMI patients are more prone to develop LARS, while Obese patients are more susceptible to develop major LARS. Nineteen cases developed LARS among those patient’s ileostomy closed before six months, and 15 cases developed LARS in those ileostomies closed after six months.
 
The Effect of the Financial Crisis on Investment Projects Case Study: Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Get PDFDomestic and international investments are critical for a country's economic growth since they facilitate the transfer of technology, job creation, increase the exports of goods, and services. The financial crisis in Kurdistan region has several economic consequences for domestic and foreign investments, especially on the investment projects throughout: the rate of capital, the numbers of projects, the rate of sectors distribution, nationality investors and the distribution of projects on governors. Since 2014, the Kurdistan region faced financial and economic crisis, which had a huge negative effect on investment projects. As a result, the influence of the investment projects of economic development suffered from fluctuation and instability. This study attempts to evaluate the effect of financial crises on investment projects in Kurdistan regional which are implemented by domestic and foreign investors. To accomplish this objective the statistical technique and economic analysis was applied for annual time series data from 2006 to 2017 by applying the compound annual growth rate Gordon growth model (CAGR). This study finds that the financial crisis has a huge negative effect on local and international investment initiatives
Deterioration in Physical Engine Oil Properties after Different Trip Length
Get PDFFresh engine oils or engine lubricants lose some of their properties during service, engine lubricant deterioration leads to change in oil properties, which ultimately have effect on engine overall performance. Therefore, it is very important to characterize used engine lubricants at different using conditions to check the performance and ability of existing oils, which in turn protects engine parts and also designs new formulations to produce better type of engine oil or improve the existing oil. Therefore, optimizing engine oil lubricant changing time is very important for reducing environmental impact but renewing engine lubricant before it is due rises a customer’s cost. In this study, the most significant parameters such as kinematic viscosity, flash point and fire point were chosen to determine the changes and deterioration in engine oil properties. The oil samples were multigrade fully synthetic with SAE gradation 10W-30 grand ecodrive is used in 5 different passenger cars. Having information about these properties are crucial chemical and physical behaviours of engine oils and for keeping engine’s lifecycle. The test results of this work show that after 10,000 km, 10W-30 Delta NL motor oil brand (special synthetic with API SL) oil properties such as kinematic viscosity at cold start, 40 °C and 100 °C decreased 22.92%, 23.61% and 22.92% respectively. In addition, both flash point and fire point decreased 15.6% and 14.22% consecutively for the base properties, and according to the test results this type of engine oil is suitable to use for 10,000 km
Confounding Risk Factors in Developing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus among Children and Adolescents at Sulaimani Chronic Diabetes Health Center: Diabetic and risk factors
No full textDiabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic health condition worldwide and the most common endocrine disease in children and adolescences. The aim of this study is to find out the risk factors, which lead to pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus among children and adolescent in diabetes health center Suleimani city. A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted at a special center for Type 1 Diabetes Miletus A questionnaire was developed and administered to a convenience sample of (170 ) mothers or fathers. Descriptive statistics data (frequency, percentage, mean and stander deviation) and also Factorial analysis (principal component analysis) was used in order to identify the effective factors affecting diabetes in children and Adolescents. The finding show that, 39.4 % of samples were aged between (9-13) years old, which stated as the highest rate among all age groups, while the minority of age was between (1-4) years old, which was equal to 8.2% of the total and the (Mean ±S.D) was equal to 10.44±4.04 respectively. The majority of age at diagnosis was between (5-8) years old, which is 35.3% and their food habit was normal diet, which is 73.5%, while the Sugar diet and Fatty diet were 25.9% and 0.6%y respectively. Most of the participants, 19.4% of family history was Type 2 diabetes, which was the first rank of the family history and majority of them were Kurdish in nationality. Age at diagnosis and mode of delivery considered as the first factor affect the type 1 diabetics mellitus. The second most common factor effect on diabetes disease in children and adolescents are maternal habit and maternal disease followed by Gestational age at birth and Neonatal disease, then food habits, Neonatal weight was estimated as the fourth component factors affecting Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Residency and Family history of autoimmune disease were ranked in the fifth line of factor, finally the weakest factor is nationality by total variance of 8.552%. The first years of life is play an important role in triggering and the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus among children and adolescent , also maternal diseases ( gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia and perinatal infection during pregnancy), healthy diet during pregnancy and education programs are recommended
 
Middle hepatic vein incorporation in live donor liver graft transplantation; implication and safety
Get PDFBackground: In this study, we have used the middle hepatic vein with the right lobe, and we studied the venous outflow dynamics immediately after transplant retrospectively meanwhile we studied the impact of the graft function on donor functionality and overall donor safety.
Method: Between October 2017 to October 2020, we performed 40 adult to adult live donor liver transplants at Zheen International Hospital (Erbil, Kurdistan Region). Postoperative Doppler ultrasound was performed for recipients and donors immediately after surgery and then daily until discharge.
Results: The donor age (28.5 ± 6.9) year, male/ female 19/ 21, intensive care unit stay (1.2 ± 0.43), floor stay (5.2 ± 1.4) days, their portal vein velocity (43.5 ± 18.4 ml/sec), hepatic artery resistive index (0.6 ± 0.09) and triphasic/ continuous venous outflow 30/10, their postoperative day one and at the discharge total serum bilirubin were (2.8 ± 1.8) and (2 ± 1.4), their postoperative day one and at the discharge international normalization ratio were (1.7 ± 0.5) and (1.2 ± 0.2) respectively. The recipient age (48.5 ± 11.3), male/female 27/13, intensive care unit stay (4.75 ± 3.9), floor stay (7.7 ± 3.7) days, portal vein velocity (63.96 ± 24.65 ml/sec), hepatic artery peak systolic velocity (74.76 ± 32.85) hepatic artery resistive index (0.7 ± 0.15), and triphasic/continuous venous outflow 27/13.
Conclusions: Middle hepatic vein incorporation in live donor liver graft is safe with a favorable outcome for recipient and donor, doppler US is one the important tool for evaluation and follow up of donor and recipient for detection of vascular complications and assessment of venous outflow and graft function. In addition, early discharge of the donor is a reasonable option.
 
A Comparison Between the MEWMA and Mahalanobis Distance Control Chart
Get PDFStatistical Process Control (SPC) is approaching that uses statistical techniques to monitor the process. The methods of quality control are widely used in controlling any strategy—the widely used control charts. A traditional variable control chart includes three lines: the Centre Line (CL), the Upper Control Limit (UCL), and the Lower Control Limit (LCL), all of which are represented by numeric values—represented by numeric values. A control chart illustrates the centerline of the average value of the quality feature under investigation.
Depending on numeric observation values, a process is either "in control" or "out of control."
Considering the current, there are no questions regarding the observations and their values during the production process. However, when these observations include human judgments, assessments, and choices, a continuous random variable (xi) of a manufacturing process should be made up of the variable.
The MEWMA and Mahalanobis distance control chart techniques are used when more than one variable is involved.
This paper aims to compare the MEWMA and Mahalanobis distance chart for three compounds for water drinking production in the ALA -Factory in the Sulaimani-Iraq region.
So, linguistic terms can be used instead of the exact value of the continuous random variable. Today, quality control has become one of the most essential techniques for studying all variables to control production or consumption decision factors. Quality control's primary aim is to guarantee that the goods, services, or processes delivered satisfy particular standards and are reliable and satisfactory. The factor's direct approach is based on the product's quality
Performance Analysis: AI-based VIST Audio Player by Microsoft Speech API
Get PDFSpeech recognition has gained much attention from researchers for almost last two decades. Isolated words, connected words, and continuous speech are the main focused areas of speech recognition. Researchers have adopted many techniques to solve speech recognition challenges under the umbrella of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Pattern Recognition and Acoustic Phonetic approaches. Variation in pronunciation of words, individual accents, unwanted ambient noise, speech context, and quality of input devices are some of these challenges in speech recognition. Many Application Programming Interface (API)s are developed to overcome the issue of accuracy in a speech-to-text conversion such as Microsoft Speech API and Google Speech API. In this paper, the performance of Microsoft Speech API is analyzed against other Speech APIs mentioned in the literature on the special dataset (without background noise) prepared. A Voice Interactive Speech to Text (VIST) audio player was developed for the analysis of Microsoft Speech API. VIST audio player creates runtime subtitles of the audio files running on it; the player is responsible for speech to text conversion in real-time. Microsoft Speech API was incorporated in the application to validate and make the performance of API measurable. The experiments proved the Microsoft Speech API more accurate with respect to other APIs in the context of the prepared dataset for the VIST audio player. The accuracy rate according to the precision-recall is 96% for Microsoft Speech API, which is better than previous ones as mentioned in the literature
Mitigation of Harmonics and Unbalanced Voltage Disturbance Compensation by MSVPWM Based- DVR in the Distribution Net
Get PDFRecent power distribution networks comprise abundant sensitive loads, which extremely impact the power quality of source in electrical power networks. Voltage dip, voltage rise, imbalanced voltage, line notching and distortion of harmonics are problems of power quality frequently take place. Pre-disturbance voltage compensation strategy and phase-locked-loop (PLL) based dq- space vector control are presented to improve a Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR), which restore the magnitude of voltage disturbance and displacement of phase angle to prior of voltage disturbance. 3-phase Multilevel strategy of Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (MSVPWM) based- Multilevel Diode Clamped Converter (MDCC) is proposed as switching pulse signals employed low frequency, which creates high levels of voltage and fewer harmonics in the output waveform in comparison to 2-level SVPWM based- DVR. 3-level SVPWM based- DVR under balanced and imbalanced distortion voltage disturbances included sags and swells injected appreciated quantities of voltage, thereby attained ideal sinusoidal waveform with lower Total Harmonic Distortion THD% compared to 2-level SVPWM based- DVR. Furthermore, real and imaginary powers balanced effectively at sensitive load during various distortion voltage disturbance conditions via presented work. The proposed simulation model of multi-level SVPWM based- DVR is implemented by dedicating the software system of MATLAB/SIMULINK. The results of simulation exhibit the effectiveness and efficiency of the presented work under different distortion voltage disturbance conditions