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Studying the effect of biological pollination and organic fertilization on some characteristics of yellow maize plants (Zea mays L.)
Get PDFSixteen samples of rhizosphere soil were collected for several plants from different locations, and phenotypic, microscopic, and biochemical tests were conducted on them. In this study, the two most efficient isolates were selected to study the effect of bioinoculation with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Azotobacter chroococcum, and phosphate-dissolving bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, in the field experiment and two levels of organic fertilizer on Sheep waste body In two sites, the first in the fields of the College of Agriculture and Forestry with a clay texture, and the second site in the fields for the protection of crops with an alluvial mixed texture, regarding the growth and yield of yellow maize (Zea mays L.), the isolates used in the study were grown and preserved at a temperature of 4°C until used in the field. Use two levels of organic fertilizer (0% and 2%) and in two locations with different textures (clay and silty Loam). The chemical fertilizer N, P, and K were added to all treatments at one level according to the fertilizer recommendation, and then the seeds were planted after preparing them in the carrier.
The study employed a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in the field, and the Duncan test was used to compare the means. The results of the study showed:
The treatment inoculated with a mixture of chroococcum + B. subtilis and fertilized with sheep waste at the clay texture outperformed all treatments with regard to the characteristics (plant height, biological yield), and gave the highest values, reaching (323.667 cm and 19763.3 tons ha-1) on straight.
The treatment inoculated with a mixture of chroococcum + B. subtilis excelled in the clay type, whether fertilized with organic fertilizer or not, as it gave the highest values ??for the character of the shoots of the plant (905,000 and 902,667 g).
The treatment that was not inoculated and was not organically fertilized with the clay texture produced the highest percentage of oil, amounting to 6.331%, while the treatment that was inoculated with a mixture of A. chroococcum + B. subtilis fertilized with sheep waste in Silty Loam recorded the lowest percentage of oil, amounting to 4.025%
The Spatial Analysis and Dispersal of the Greater Wax Moth (Galleria Mellonella L.) in Apiaries of Some Central and Southren Iraqi Provinces.
Get PDFThis study was an attempt to investigate the prevalence of the greater wax worm, Galleria mellonella L., in some provinces of central and southern Iraq Study period from 23\11\2023 to 22\11\2024( Babylon, Karbala, Wasit, Qadisiyah, Maysan and Basra). The survey results showed that The pest prevalence was varied in the provinces, as the highest infection percentage in Basra province was reached 73.33%, and the lowest in Maysan province reached 10.67%. It is significant to mention that Maysan province was also distinguished by having strong hives at a percentage of 81.7%, while Basra had the lowest level of strong hives at 30.3%. The methods of controlling the insect also was differed in the provinces that were subject to the study. The effective methods of controlling the pest that proved their worth in reducing the numbers of the pest and eliminating it were burning frames and dusting frames , and also dusting warehouses with dusting discs every two weeks. Besides, the method of freezing frames for two days is a very successful method for eliminating the different insect roles of the pest. Daily follow-up is also one of the crucial practices for early detection of the pest, whether in the apiary or the storehouse, to take appropriate measures at the beginning of the insect’s activity and before it spreads in the apiary and storehouse
Analyzing The Impact Of Rectifier-based LED Lighting Fixtures On The Electrical Power Distribution System
Get PDFThe widespread use of single-phase rectifiers, particularly in residential buildings for LED lighting fixtures, has led to an increase in harmonics in power distribution systems. These harmonics pose significant challenges to power grids and require a thorough assessment of their impact on distribution networks. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to clarify how higher capacitance values at rectifiers' output, which are essential for reducing DC voltage waveform ripple, affect the quality of the input power supply. This study employs analyses and simulations conducted via MATLAB/Simulink to investigate the AC/DC converter circuit and its associated load. The analysis includes calculating output current and voltage ripples, as well as evaluating the total harmonic distortion (THD) in the input current with different capacitor values. The results highlight the adverse consequences of increasing filter capacitance values, which affect both the input current purity and the power factor. Notably, the THD showed a significant increase, reaching approximately 134%, with a low power factor of 0.5 when the output ripple voltage decreased from 307 V to 64 V using a capacitor filter of 1500 ?F
Investigating the Impact of Internal and External Factors on Solar Cell Performance to Enhance Energy Conversion Efficiency
Get PDFSolar energy has become a promising renewable energy source due to rising worldwide energy demand and environmental concerns in recent decades. This study examines temperature, solar irradiance, and series resistance (Rs) as internal and external elements affecting solar panel efficiency to optimise photovoltaic (PV) performance. Sunlight increases current and voltage outputs, but incidence angle, air dust, and pollution can reduce efficiency. Therefore, solar panels should be orientated and cleaned often. Open-circuit voltage (VOC), maximum power output (Pmpp), and fill factor (FF) decrease performance at high temperatures. Water cooling or cooling plates can save PV cells from overheating. Finally, Power dissipation across resistance lowers voltage and current output as Rs increases. Preventive maintenance, material selection, and production techniques can lower Rs and maximise efficiency. This research emphasizes the importance of addressing environmental and material factors in solar panel installation and maintenance to achieve optimal efficiency and reliable energy generation in PV systems.
Investigation of the Impact of Utilizing Lauric Acid and Paraffin Wax as PCM in a Single - Pass Solar Air Heater: Experimental Study
Get PDFThis current investigation involved an experimental inspection of adding Lauric acid (LA) above the absorber surface of solar air heater (SAH) in comparison with SAH integrated with paraffin wax and traditional SAH to evaluate the thermal performance of the SAH. To assess the efficacy of adding LA, all three SAHs operate under identical operating conditions. In the improved SAH model, LA is positioned above the absorber plate, and paraffin wax is incorporated above the absorber plate, whereas the conventional SAH model depicts the standard configuration. Data was gathered in Mosul City, Iraq, for January 18 and February 12, 25, 2025, with experiments performed at a constant air mass flow rate of 0.02223 kg/s. The findings confirms that the thermal performance of improved LA SAH is better than enhanced paraffin wax SAH and traditional SAH by 7.4% and 102% for January 18, and by 8.9% and 93.9% for February 12, and by 8.96% and 97.5% for February 25 respectively. The traditional SAH model records efficiency of 84%, 82%, and 83.5%, for 18 Jan, 12 and 25 Feb., respectively. The findings indicate a substantial maximum temperature differential attained by the enhanced SAH model utilizing (LA) and paraffin wax in comparison to the conventional SAH model
Genetic Algorithm of tuning PID for Controlling Speed of DC Motor
Get PDFThe three terms, Proportional Integral Differential (PID), controller is the utmost commonly utilized and beneficial basis for numerous industrialized and manufacturing usages, in spite of the swift improvement of intellectual and independent control schemes. Because of its easiness of thoughtful, swift response, and high consistency. Though, the core encounter in planning these controls is discovering the finest method to adjust the PID parameters (KP, KI, and KD) to attain extraordinary dynamic reaction and lasting stability whereas diminishing the special effects of nonlinearity and interfering between factors. This research work ambitions to found an intellectual context for fine-tuning PID factors by means of a genetic algorithm, an intelligent optimization prototypical established on exactly how ordinary choice works. The objective was to brand it economical and tranquil usage for real-time industrialized uses. A combined cost function utilized to improve the dynamic enactment of the regulator. This function comprises four key factors: steady-state error (SSE), settling time, rise time, and overshoot ratio. The outcomes of this research study indicated that the system's performance enriched capability to deliver a firm and smooth reaction under a diversity of operational circumstances. The motor retained its locus speed of 150 revolution per minute in entire cases. This work emphasizes the marvelous prospective of incorporating intelligent algorithms with classical control structures and offers real routes for evolving self-tuning regulator schemes in dynamic manufacturing situations
Promotion strategies and their role in enhancing tourism excellence: An analytical study of the opinions of a sample of workers in tourism organizations in the administratively independent city of Zakho
Get PDF ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??????????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? (???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??????)? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? (?????? ???????) ??? (???? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????)? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? (60) ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?? (?????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ???????)? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????????? ?????: ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ???????????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????????? ????: ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????????????? ??????????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????????.The research aims to know promotional strategies and their role in enhancing tourism excellence in a number of tourism organizations in the administratively independent city of Zakho, considering that promotional strategies can help tourism organizations make sound decisions based on experience, ability and knowledge to deal with various tourism events there. The research relied on promotion strategies as an independent variable across four dimensions, namely (advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, and public relations). The research focused on three dimensions to measure the dependent variable (tourism excellence), which are (quality of service, reputation of the organization, and appropriate price), The researcher used the descriptive analytical approach to reach the research objectives, relying on the questionnaire form as the main tool for collecting data from the field investigated. (60) questionnaires were distributed to the research sample represented by tourism organizations, and statistical methods were used represented by (frequencies, percentages, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, and relative importance), the results were analyzed and the hypotheses were tested, Accordingly, the research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is: the existence of a significant relationship between promotion strategies and tourism excellence. It was found that promotion strategies have a significant role and influence in promoting tourism excellence. The research recommended a set of proposals, including: the need for the researched tourism organizations to pay attention to promotion strategies for by enhancing the relative importance of those strategies and variables; Because this will contribute significantly to organizations crystallizing the dimensions of tourism excellence in the tourism organizations studied
The Extent of the Impact of Health Information Systems in enhancing the quality of health services - a case study in the Nineveh Health Department
Get PDF???? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ????????? ?????? ??????? (????? ?????) ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? (226) ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??????? (???? ????????? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ???????) ????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ????????? ??? ???????? ???????? (SPSS, V26) ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? (Amosv26) ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ???? ?? ?????.
?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????????.
?????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ????????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????.
????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????????.This research aims to determine the influential relationship between health information systems in its dimensions (independent variable) and the quality of health service in its dimensions, a dependent variable, as it was tested using the results of a field survey of a sample (226) of employees of the Nineveh Health Department. The Planning Department included (the Policy Division, the Statistics Division, and the Public Health, the Technical Matters Department, the Administrative, Financial and Legal Department, and the Inspection Department) and for the purpose of analyzing the responses of the members of the researched sample, they were tested with ready-made standards and various statistical tools to suit the requirements of the research, relying on the statistical program (SPSS, V26) to infer percentages, arithmetic means, standard deviations, and coefficients. Variation, response intensity, measurement reliability, common method bias, and internal consistency. The statistical program (Amosv26) was also used to analyze the influence relationship, and the descriptive and analytical approach was used as a scientific method in the research.
In order to excel in the quality of health service, the health organization must develop the level of quality of health service provided by adopting information systems as an important input in enhancing quality in a way that achieves the expectations of beneficiaries for the level of quality of health service or exceeds those expectations.
The study found that there is a significant direct impact relationship at the macro and micro levels of health information systems on the quality of health services.
The research recommended the need to pay attention to health information systems as they are the basic building block for making the appropriate decision and to take advantage of the available resources available in our health organizations to improve the level of quality of health service provided to beneficiaries
The Contribution of Strategic Auditing to Improving Organizational Performance An Exploratory Study in a Sample of Government Units in Nineveh Governorate
Get PDF???? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? (45) ?? ????? ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ??? 21 ???? 2008 (??????) .
??????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? (CFA) ?????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ???????.
????? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???????.The study aimed to identify the contribution of strategic auditing in improving organizational performance in government units within Nineveh Governorate. The study field covered organizations facing the research problem, including the main departments whose powers were transferred to Nineveh Governorate based on Article (45) of Law No. 21 of 2008 (amended) on governorates not organized into a region.
The study employed an exploratory approach, supported by statistical analysis, to collect and analyze the data. Advanced statistical techniques were utilized, such as Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to examine the relationship between variables and hypothesis testing through correlation and impact analysis, which helped determine the extent to which strategic auditing influences organizational performance.
The statistical results revealed significant and strong correlations between strategic auditing and organizational performance. The findings indicate that quality auditing and technology auditing were the most influential in improving performance. Additionally, directional control and administrative levels were identified as critical factors affecting organizational performance
The Role of Total Quality Management Requirements for the Environment in Reducing Environmental Pollution Field study in Badoush cement factory
Get PDF ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????.
??? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???, ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????? , ????? ?? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? (V26 SPSS)
????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ??????????? ???? ????? (????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????), ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? Our current study aims to determine the role of total environmental quality management as a tool to reduce the increasing environmental pollution through study and scrutiny, whether at the level of air, water or soil, to prevent environmental deterioration and treat it through a field study in the new Badoush Cement Factory as a site that also causes pollutants to the surrounding environment.
As for the study problem, it crystallized around the need for the researched factory to pay greater attention to the management of the environment and treat the causes of pollution, which motivated us to conduct a site study in it. We adopted the descriptive analytical approach in our current study by relying on modern sources and resources in the theoretical and analytical aspect through the questionnaire form for the field aspect, in addition to field observations by adopting the software package (V26 SPSS).
The study reached results based on which a number of conclusions were established, the most important of which are (the existence of a pivotal role for total environmental quality management and its dimensions in reducing environmental pollution through the proper application of its requirements, and environmental awareness came as the most required), in addition to presenting a number of proposals and implementation mechanisms for the researched factory