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UN TALENT POUR L’ESTHETIQUE MAGNETIQUE : LUTHER FRANÇOIS ET L’ART-TISSAGE DES DIASPORAS MUSICALES
No full textInternational audienceLuther François stands as one of the most significant figures in Caribbean jazz, a composer, arranger, and saxophonist whose musical vision transcends national and stylistic boundaries. A citizen of Saint Lucia and Martinique, François has played a pivotal, griot-like role in developing and preserving Caribbean diasporic jazz, not only as an art form but as a medium for expressing the region's cultural hybridity. His ability to weave together musical traditions from Africa, Europe, and the Americas has resulted in a sound that is both deeply rooted in the Caribbean and globally resonant. This article explores his contributions to jazz and his masterful ability to create musical connections across diasporas.Luther François représente une des figures les plus importantes du Jazz caribéen, un des rares talents musicaux à pouvoir allier de concert les facettes du compositeur, de l’arrangeur et du saxophoniste pour transcender les frontières nationales et stylistiques à travers une vision musicale très inclusive. Citoyen de Sainte-Lucie et de la Martinique, l’artiste a joué un rôle central, comparable à celui d’un griot dans le processus de préservation et de développement du Jazz caribéen diasporique, étudiable non seulement comme une forme d’art, mais aussi comme un médium d’expression de l’hybridité culturelle de la région. Son aptitude à tisser des traditions diverses venant d’Afrique, d’Europe et des Amériques se traduit dans une sonorité distinctive, à la fois ancrée dans la caribéanité et en résonance avec la globalité. Le présent article explore ses contributions au jazz et sa remarquable capacité à créer des connections musicales à travers les diasporas
The proteotranscriptomic characterization of venom in the white seafan Eunicella singularis elucidates the evolution of Octocorallia arsenal
No full textInternational audienceAll the members of the phylum Cnidaria are characterized by the production of venom in specialized structures, the nematocysts. Venom of jellyfish (Medusozoa) and sea anemones (Anthozoa) has been investigated since the 1970s, revealing a remarkable molecular diversity. Specifically, sea anemones harbour a rich repertoire of neurotoxic peptides, some of which have been developed in drug leads. However, venoms of the vast majority of Anthozoa species remain uncharacterized, particularly in the class Octocorallia. To fill this gap, we applied a proteo-transcriptomic approach to investigate venom composition in Eunicella singularis, a gorgonian species common in Mediterranean hard-bottom benthic communities. Our results highlighted the peculiarities of the venom of E. singularis with respect to sea anemones, which is reflected in the presence of several toxins with novel folds, worthy of functional characterization. A comparative genomic survey across the octocoral radiation allowed us to generalize these findings and provided insights into the evolutionary history, molecular diversification patterns and putative adaptive roles of venom toxins. A comparison of whole-body and nematocyst proteomes revealed the presence of different cytolytic toxins inside and outside the nematocysts. Two instances of differential maturation patterns of toxin precursors were also identified, highlighting the intricate regulatory pathways underlying toxin expression
Allergic contact dermatitis caused by 10‐hydroxydecenoic acid contained in an emollient cream
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Clinical performance and application of novel serum collection “Ser-Col” device in the practice of laboratory diagnosis of infection diseases and several other immunochemical tests
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Bottom depth carving the pelagic spatial organisation in large marine ecosystem: The case of North West Africa
No full textInternational audienceThis study aimed to examine the spatial organization of pelagic communities within the water column along a horizontal gradient extending from the coast to the offshore area, categorized into three zones: inshore, offshore, and transition. Using fisheries acoustics, a total of 29 000 nautical miles of acoustic transects collected during 14 annual standardized surveys were analyzed using two complementary acoustic methods: (i) extraction of sound scattering layers (SSL) and (ii) echointegration (EI) across the entire water column, both horizontally and vertically averaged. The results revealed significant differences between the three bathymetric areas based on SSL and EI descriptors, with micro-nektonic communities in the transition area exhibiting intermediate characteristics between those in the inshore and offshore areas. The relative abundance of micro-nektonic communities decreased from shallow coastal areas to deep offshore areas, with a mean Sv from echointegration of -66.43, -74.39 and -73.65 dB for inshore, transition and offshore, respectively. The inshore area is different from the transition and offshore areas, which is confirmed by diel vertical migration (DVM) analyze through vertical profiles. All areas exhibited classic DVM type I; however, offshore and transition areas also presented unexpected DVMs of type II, i.e., organisms descend deeper during the night, displaying distinct vertical profiles compared to the inshore area. This suggests that the functional and specific composition of pelagic micronektonic communities differed between inshore and offshore areas, indicating that organisms adjust their responses to their environment. Over two decades, the three bathymetric areas showed a significant increase in pelagic relative biomass and variation in SSL spatial structure. The number of SSLs significantly increase, from 0.97 to 1.05 inshore, from 1.75 to 2.25 in the transition area and from 2.2 to 2.7 offshore. Nevertheless, micronektonic communities reacted differently to interannual changes depending on the bathymetric areas, such as the minimal depth of the shallowest SSL. Fluctuations in SSL descriptors were highlighted over the study period, which may be related to multi-decadal oscillations in the Atlantic Ocean
Can we count you: validating density estimation methods for unmarked wildlife with camera traps
No full textInternational audienceEstimating population densities of large wildlife in forests has traditionally relied on either spatial capture-recapture (SCR) for animals that are individually marked, or line transect distance sampling (LTDS) for species observable by researchers. Recent advances have now introduced more general camera trap models that are applicable to a large range of terrestrial medium to large-sized species. However, validation of these unmarked density (UD) models remains scarce due to the lack of available density estimates that can serve as references. We tested the accuracy and precision of three UD models (the random encounter model, camera trap distance sampling, and the time-to-event model) against independent SCR estimates for ocelots and jaguars, and against LTDS estimates for eight unmarked species varying in abundance and ecology. We found that UD model estimates for ocelots were relatively accurate in matching the estimates from SCR, albeit with less precision. Additionally, UD model estimates were similar to LTDS estimates for seven out of eight studied species. Estimates for jaguar were, however, not similar between UD models and SCR, implying that UD models are not useful for rare species. Overall, our findings show that UD models are promising tools for monitoring abundant to relatively rare unmarked species in forests, although SCR remains preferred for marked species. To ultimately aid conservationists in making informed conservation decisions, efforts should be directed towards enhancing the precision of these models as well as their ease of access for nontechnical practitioners
Loess Records
No full textInternational audienceLoess is an eolian deposit, composed mainly of silt grains, which can be identified in the field as a distinct sedimentary body. It covers a significant portion of the land surface of the Earth and is one of the most important terrestrial archives of long-term dust deposition. Loess appears on almost all continents, and ranges in thickness up to several hundred of meters. Most loess sequences include buried soils (paleosols), alternating with unaltered loess layers. As the formation of loess is controlled, at least partly, by climate, alternating loess deposits and buried soils hold valuable information of Quaternary climatic and environmental conditions, especially of past wind regimes
