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Épidémiologie et histopathologie des cancers du corps de l’utérus en Guadeloupe entre 2020 et 2022
No full textAccording to GLOBOCAN2020 data, cancer of the uterine corpus (UCC) accounts for 4,5% of cancers in women worldwide and 2,2% of cancer-related deaths in women. The highest incidence is found in countries with a high Human Development Index (HDI), where more than half of all cases occur. The most common histological type is endometrioid carcinoma. A new WHO histopathological classification in 2020, combined with recent molecular discoveries, has been established in order to better characterize cancer aggressiveness and provide a suitable management of the patients. Limited data on UCC (histological types, risk factors) is available for the French overseas departments, particularly Guadeloupe (French West Indies), where the population is mainly represented by African descents. The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiology of UCCs diagnosed in Guadeloupe between 2020 and 2022, to compare them with the data available in mainland France, in relation to clinical data. This study partly confirms the data in the literature on UCC: the 3 most frequent cancers of the body of the uterus remain the same, but their frequencies differed. Serous carcinomas and carcinosarcomas were over-represented in our cohort compared with the data in the literature. These histopathological differences found in populations of African origin have already been described in other studies and confirm them. In addition, we found correlations between overweight/obesity and aggressiveness of diagnosed CCU. These disparities can be explained by constitutive and environmental factors influencing oncogenesis processes and have to be further explored more specifically. They support the importance of the new histomolecular classification of UCCs, which makes it possible to review the prognosis of certain histologically aggressive cancers.Selon les données de GLOBOCAN2020, le cancer du corps de l’utérus (CCU) représente 4,5% des cancers de la femme dans le monde et 2,2% des morts relatives aux cancers chez les femmes. L’incidence la plus élevée est retrouvée dans les pays fort indice de développement humain (IDH), ou surviennent plus de la moitié des cas. Le type histologique le plus fréquent est le carcinome endométrioïde. La mise à jour de la classification histopathologique de l’OMS en 2020, associée à de récentes découvertes moléculaires permettent une prise en charge mieux adaptée grâce à une stratification pronostique des différentes entités définies. Peu de données sur les CCU (types histologiques, facteur de risques) sont disponibles pour les départements français d’Outre-mer, notamment pour la Guadeloupe, ou la population est principalement d’ascendance Africaine. L’objectif de cette étude était de décrire l’épidémiologie des CCU diagnostiqués en Guadeloupe entre 2020 et 2022, les comparer aux données disponibles en France hexagonale, en lien avec les caractéristiques cliniques des patientes. Cette étude confirme en partie les données de la littérature sur les CCU : les 3 CCU les plus fréquents restent les mêmes mais leurs fréquences relatives différent. Les carcinomes séreux ainsi que les carcinosarcomes étaient surreprésentés dans notre cohorte par rapport aux données de la littérature. Ces différences histo-pathologiques retrouvées dans des populations d’ascendance Africaine ont été décrites dans d’autres études et viennent les confirmer. Il a également été mis en évidence une association entre le surpoids/obésité et le caractère agressif des CCU diagnostiqués. Ces disparités peuvent en partie être expliquées par l’intervention de facteurs génétiques et environnementaux qu’il convient d’étayer par des études complémentaires ciblées. Elles viennent appuyer l’importance de la nouvelle classification histomoléculaire des CCU, qui permet de revoir le pronostic de certains cancers histologiquement agressifs
Monumentation GNSS bipod DT-INSU
No full textMonumentation used in the context of GNSS measurement campaigns. Monumentation developed by the technical division of the INSU.Monumentation utilisée dans le cadre des campagnes de mesures GNSS. Monumentation développée par la division technique de l'INSU
Mg/Ca from mussel shells rather than δ<sup>18w</sup> O as a promising temperature proxy for hydrothermal vent ecosystems</sup>
No full textInternational audienceMinor and trace metal fluctuations in biogenic carbonates have been demonstrated to be important potential environmental tracers in coastal areas, but remained poorly studied in deep-sea environments. For the first time, this study assesses the use of Mg/Ca signal as a thermometer proxy in hydrothermal vent ecosystems together with the analysis of oxygen stable isotope composition. Bathymodiolus azoricus and B. thermophilus mussels were collected at three hydrothermal vent fields from the mid-Atlantic ridge (Rainbow, Menez Gwen) and the East Pacific Rise (EPR 9°50N), presenting contrasted temperature and chemical habitat conditions. The variation of Mg/Ca was analysed via LA-ICP-MS and is revealed suitable to reconstruct temperature variations in these ecosystems, presumably due to stable Mg compositions of the seawater surrounding hydrothermal systems. Temperature anomalies inferred from Mg/Ca ratios can be good tracers of fluid pulses. Important fluid emissions appear however to generate major growth cessation in shell mineralization. Temperatures inferred from Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS) δ18O analyses systematically underestimated the measured values in the environment. The isotopic disequilibrium is likely due to pH fluctuations in the mussel habitat, in the vicinity of vent fluid discharges, and/or interactions with the symbiotic chemosynthetic bacteria. Those results will first benefit to the ecological study of deep-sea mussels, but also provide a promising contribution for the study of the environmental dynamic in hydrothermal systems at short (daily) to long-term (pluri-annual) scales, recorded in the calcite material of bivalves
Les structures comparatives en créole français de la Caraïbe du XVIIIe siècle
No full textInternational audienc
Effects of “Living High‐Training Low and High” on Sleep, Heart Rate Variability, and Psychological Responses in Elite Female Cyclists
No full textInternational audienceABSTRACT “Living High‐Training Low and High” (LHTLH) is an altitude/hypoxic training method used to improve physical performance at sea level. The aim of this exploratory study was to investigate the effects of LHTLH on sleep, heart rate variability (HRV), and psychological stress in 10 elite/international level female cyclists (mean age: 17.3 ± 1.2 years). Participants were monitored for 19 days divided into 3 periods: (i) normoxia (5 days preceding LHTLH), (ii) early acclimatization (day 1–4 of LHTLH), and (iii) middle acclimatization (day 5–14) performed in hypoxic rooms (F i O 2 = 15.09%). Questionnaires of psychological stress and sleep disturbance, sleep architecture (determined through an electroencephalography sleep headband), and HRV (measured at rest with a chest strap) were recorded during the 3 periods. The results found that, compared to normoxia, there was no significant difference in total sleep time, sleep efficiency, latency, or waking during the early acclimatization period. However, a significant increase in sleep disturbance (2.5 ± 1.1 vs. 4.9 ± 2.5 a.u. and p < 0.001), alterations of HRV, and sleep architecture with a significant increase in stages 1 (21.8 ± 3 vs. 25.9 ± 3.6 min and p < 0.007) and 2 (201.2 ± 55 vs. 238.5 ± 55 min and p < 0.008) of sleep was observed. During the middle acclimatization period, the athletes had restorative sleep but HRV remained altered, with a significant increase in external tension (1.24 ± 0.4 vs. 2.83 ± 1.8 a.u. and p < 0.05). All these findings suggest that an acclimatization period of at least 4 days is required to recover restorative sleep during LHTLH intervention. This article provides the first insights on the understanding of psychophysiological stress induced using the “Live High‐Training Low and High” paradigm, particularly in elite/international level female athletes. Results indicate that: during the early acclimatization period, sleep disturbances are observed, with an alteration in heart rate variability. After this period, the athletes return to restful sleep, enabling them to increase their training load. However, heart rate variability and psychological stress remain impaired for at least 10 days
Combining knowledge graphs and generative AI to explain the consequences of climatic events on the health of maasai herders
No full textInternational audienceThis PhD project, started in January 2025, aims to develop a knowledge-driven system to explain the impact of extreme climatic events and environmental changes on the health of Maasai communities in Kenya and Tanzania. It leverages knowledge graphs to structure and interconnect heterogeneous data sources (health, climate, local practices) and integrates a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) system. The knowledge graph serves as a structured repository, facilitating the extraction and organization of relevant information. The RAG system utilizes these structured insights to generate context-aware, traceable, and comprehensible explanations tailored to different stakeholders, including local communities, researchers, and policymakers. Conducted within the MOSAIC project, this research combines artificial intelligence, semantic web technologies, and environmental health studies to enhance scientific understanding and support informed decision-making
El Instituto Francés de Estudios Andinos y la arqueología en el Perú: una retrospectiva
No full textInternational audienceThe relationship between Peru and France in the field of archaeology has a trajectory of more than a century. It has experienced several stages, defined by the socio-political and historical changes that have taken place in both countries and worldwide. Inaugurated in Peru in 1948, the French Institute of Andean Studies has been a key witness and actor in this process. This article offers a retrospective on IFEA’s participation in the various historical stages that have marked the development of archaeology in Peru. This retrospective aims to identify the different forms in which IFEA has been present in this process up to the present day, and to understand how these forms have contributed to the integration of the Institute within the Peruvian scientific community.La relación entre Perú y Francia en el ámbito de la arqueología tiene una trayectoria de más de un siglo. Esta ha conocido varias etapas, definidas por los cambios sociopolíticos e históricos en ambos países y por el contexto mundial. Inaugurado en el Perú en 1948, el Instituto Francés de Estudios Andinos ha sido testigo y actor clave de este proceso. Este artículo ofrece una retrospectiva sobre la actuación del Instituto en las diferentes etapas históricas que pautaron el desarrollo de la arqueología en Perú e identifica las modalidades a través de las cuales ha estado presente en este proceso hasta la actualidad. Finalmente, busca comprender cómo estas modalidades han contribuido a la integración de este instituto de cooperación internacional en el ámbito académico peruano.La trajectoire de la relation entre le Pérou et la France dans le domaine de l’archéologie remonte à plus d’un siècle. Celle-ci a connu plusieurs étapes, marquées par les changements sociopolitiques et historiques survenus dans les deux pays et à l’échelle internationale. Inauguré en 1948, l’Institut Français d’Études Andines a été un témoin et un acteur clé de ce processus. Cet article propose une rétrospective sur la participation de l’IFEA aux différentes étapes historiques qui ont marqué le développement de l’archéologie au Pérou. Cette rétrospective vise en particulier à identifier les différentes modalités à travers lesquelles l’IFEA a été présent dans ce processus jusqu’à aujourd’hui, et à comprendre comment ces modalités ont contribué à l’intégration de l’Institut au sein de la communauté scientifique péruvienne
Prevalence of intrinsic capacity impairment and associated factors among retired older people in Cameroon
No full textInternational audienceBackground Early identification of older adults at increased risk for functional decline remains challenging in the majority of African countries. We aimed to determine the prevalence of intrinsic capacity (IC) impairment and associated factors among a group of retired Cameroonians. MethodsThis cross-sectional study included retired individuals aged 60 years or older. We collected sociodemographic data and geriatric syndromes. The Integrated Care to Older People (ICOPE) screening tool was used to assess the domains of IC. Multivariable regression analysis was used to assess factors associated with IC impairment.Results A total of 375 older adults underwent baseline step 1 screening (42.7% Male; mean age 67.9 ± 6.03 years), of whom 356 (94.9%) had a positive result.Step 2 assessment was conducted in 281 participants (78.9%), confirming IC impairment in 182 individuals (48.5%). The most frequently impaired domains were cognition (49.8%), vision (44.8%), and hearing (43.1%). In univariable analysis, participants with IC impairment were more likely to be older (mean age 69.03 ± 6.58 vs. 66.8 ± 5.04 years; p = 0.037), have lower educational level (p< .001), report comorbidities (p =.031), a history of falls (p = .035), and sleep disorders (p = 0.019). Male participants were more likely to have preserved IC compared to females (p =.033). After adjusting for age and sex, factors associated with IC impairment included low educational level [odds ratio (OR) 3.04; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.4-6.7], history of falls (OR 4.02; 95% CI: 1.11-14.6), and sleep disorders (OR 2.9; 95% CI: 1.4-6.2). ConclusionIdentification of older at risk of IC impairment in Cameroon may help tailor further policies for Healthy Aging taking into account available resources.</div
Association between strategies to prevent COVID-19 infection in long-term care facilities and mortality: the PIANO-COVID-19 study, a French multicentre cohort study
No full textInternational audienceObjective Evidence for the effectiveness of strategies that aimed to prevent COVID-19 infection on reducing mortality in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) is limited. Our aim was to investigate the association between strategies aimed at preventing COVID-19 infection and risk of death. Design The PIANO-COVID-19 study is a French national cohort study of LTCF residents. We compared strategies that aimed to prevent COVID-19 infection (eg, screening and isolation), characteristics of 107 LTCFs and their 8028 residents and mortality classified as all-cause deaths, COVID-19-related death and COVID-19-unrelated death. Short-term (within 1 month) and 1-year deaths after the first local COVID-19 peak were considered as the use of prevention strategies evolved during the course of the pandemic. Analyses were adjusted by age, gender, disability, comorbidity and occupancy of the local hospital. Results Among the 2202 (27.42%) 1-year all-cause deaths in 2020, 247 (11.21%) were related to COVID-19. The following preventative measures were related to a reduced risk of all-cause death: systematic mask wearing (HR 0.75 CI 95% (0.60–0.93)), screening of visitors for symptoms on entry (0.78 (0.62–0.97)), infection control training for staff (0.79 (0.63–0.98)) and systematic COVID-19 screening (with real-time PCR) of all staff and residents: staff (0.20 (0.05–0.84)) and residents (0.17 (0.04–0.76)). In contrast, difficulty in hospitalising (3.54 (1.53–8.17)) or a high occupancy rate of nearby hospitals (8.25 (2.19–31.01)) were associated with a higher risk of COVID-19-related deaths. At 1 month, screening of visitors for fever or symptoms on entry (0.04 (0–0.42)) and isolation of residents (no visiting) (0.05 (0.01–0.31)) were associated with a significant reduction in COVID-19 related death. None of the strategies that were investigated was associated with a higher risk of death. Conclusions We identified prevention strategies that appear to have been important in the limitation of COVID-19 related death in LTCFs and suggest widespread adoption may be beneficial in the case of a new epidemic
Facing the “Race Question”: Collective Identity, Mobilization, and Political Differentiation in Guadeloupean Unions
No full textInternational audienceThis article examines how Guadeloupe's two main trade unions, the UGTG and the CGTG, mobilize race in their discourse and activist practices. Drawing on fieldwork and biographical interviews, it shows that race is not merely a contextual factor but a strategic axis of political differentiation in a postcolonial setting marked by social and racial inequalities. The analysis highlights contrasting and intersectional uses of race and class, revealing how these organizations articulate competing visions of trade unionism, subalternity, and emancipation within a broader context of French domination.Cet article analyse la manière dont les deux principaux syndicats de Guadeloupe, l’UGTG et la CGTG, mobilisent la race dans leurs discours et leurs pratiques militantes. À partir d’un travail de terrain et d’entretiens biographiques, il montre que la race ne constitue pas un simple élément contextuel, mais un axe stratégique de différenciation politique dans un cadre postcolonial marqué par de profondes inégalités sociales et raciales. L’analyse met en évidence des usages contrastés et intersectionnels de la race et de la classe, et montre comment ces organisations articulent des visions concurrentes du syndicalisme, de la subalternité et de l’émancipation, au sein d’un contexte plus large de domination française