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NICE k metrics: Unified and multidimensional framework for evaluating deterministic solar forecasting accuracy
No full textInternational audienc
"La Marche vers Dieu dans les Essais de littérature de Nicolas-Germain Léonard"
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L'hétérogénéité des voies d'institutionnalisation des politiques et des instruments climatiques pour l'agriculture : une comparaison entre le Sénégal, la Colombie, le Brésil et la France
No full textSource Agritrop Cirad (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/614796/)International audienc
Un nouveau Pogonocherus de Corse (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)
No full textInternational audienceOn the basis of several genetic delimitation methods applied to the DNA barcode (CO1) and biogeographical and morphological elements, Pogonocherus pseudohispidulus n. sp. is described from Corsica. This species is endemic and closely related to Pogonocherus hispidulus (Linné, 1758), which it appears to replace in Corsica.A partir de plusieurs méthodes de délimitation génétique appliquées sur le code-barres ADN (CO1) et d'éléments biogéographiques et morphologiques, Pogonocherus pseudohispidulus n. sp. est décrit de Corse. Cette espèce est endémique et proche de Pogonocherus hispidulus (Linné, 1758), qu'elle paraît remplacer en Corse
ROBIN: Reference observatory of basins for international hydrological climate change detection
No full textInternational audienceHuman-induced warming is modifying the water cycle. adaptation to posed threats requires an understanding of hydrological responses to climate variability. Whilst these can be computationally modelled, observed streamflow data is essential for constraining models, and understanding and quantifying emerging trends in the water cycle. to date, the identification of such trends at the global scale has been hindered by data limitations -in particular, the prevalence of direct human influences on streamflow which can obscure climate-driven variability. By removing these influences, trends in streamflow data can be more confidently attributed to climate variability. Here we describe the Reference Observatory of Basins for INternational hydrological climate change detection (ROBIN) -the first iteration of a global network of streamflow data from national reference hydrological networks (RHNs) -comprised of catchments which are near-natural or have limited human influences. This collaboration has established a freely available global RHN dataset of over 3,000 catchments and code libraries, which can be used to underpin new science endeavours and advance change detection studies to support international climate policy and adaptation
Formation, conditions P-T et distribution des métaux critiques dans les mines historiques de Pb-Zn-Cu de Sulitjelma et Bleikvassli, Calédonides norvégiennes
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Feral pig re-domestication in Martinique: a case study using participatory approach based on a serious game to co-design agroecological breeding systems
No full textInternational audienceIn 2024, research was solicited by the Regional Natural Park of Martinique (RNPM) to help redefine a shared vision for the re-domestication of feral pigs in Martinique and co-develop production strategies. Since 2016, the RNPM has led a niche market program involving the capture, genotyping, and re-domestication of feral pigs in agroecological systems. Governance changes disrupted stakeholder engagement, pausing the breeding plan. This study aimed to co-design with stakeholder’s innovative re-domestication systems of feral pig based on agroecological principles. A workshop was conducted using the Knowledge, Concepts and Proposals (KCP) method included three phases: (i) knowledge sharing, (ii) concept exploration and (iii) action plan development. A serious card game, based on Forage Rummy® and adapted for creole pig breeding in Martinique enabled the participants to co-design three action plans balancing conservation and development of the pig population. A roundtable with the main stakeholders illustrated the strengths and weaknesses of the feral pig re-domestication project. Co-designed action plans promote outdoor pig farming system with a diet based on local resources (banana, sugar cane, forage) to supply high-quality products (smoked ham, dry ham) highlighted by labels within a short supply chain (sold at farms, butcher). Stakeholders proposed creating a selection organization independent of commercial structures, to promote genetic diversity, control reproduction and distribute breeding stock to breeders. This study highlights the effectiveness of an original participatory approach that actively engages project leaders and stakeholders in co-developing sustainable breeding strategies. These collaboratively designed scenarios will strengthen the RNPM’s breeding program development
Self-potential signals related to tree transpiration in a Mediterranean climate
No full textInternational audienceTranspiration is a crucial process in the water cycle and its quantification is essential for understanding terrestrial ecosystem dynamics. Solely relying on sap flow measurements may not fully assess tree transpiration due to its complexity. Self-potential (SP), a passive geophysical method, may provide constraints on transpiration rates even if many questions remain about tree electrophysiological effects. In this study, we continuously measured tree SP and sap velocity on three tree species for one year in a Mediterranean climate. Using wavelet coherence analysis and variational mode decomposition, we explored the empirical relationship between tree SP and transpiration. Our analysis revealed strong coherence between SP and sap velocity at diurnal time scales, with coherence weakening and phase shifts increasing on days with higher water supply.We estimated electrokinetic coupling coefficients using a linear regression model between SP and sap velocity variations at the diurnal scale, resulting in values typically found in porous geological media. During a dry growing season, the electrokinetic effect emerges as the primary contribution to tree SP, indicating its potential utility in assessing transpiration rates. Our results emphasize the need for improved electrode configurations and physiochemical modeling to elucidate tree SP in relation to transpiration
AI for SDGs – A technical and illustrated tour: Practical frameworks, real-world cases,and visual insights on harnessing AIto advance the UN 2030 Agenda
No full textInternational audiencePractical frameworks, real-world cases, and visual insights on harnessing AI to advance the UN 2030 Agenda How can Artificial Intelligence (AI) be effectively leveraged with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)? Beyond the hype, AI has the potential to transform global challenges into opportunities—if applied responsibly and inclusively. Yet, connecting complex technical systems to urgent sustainability issues requires clarity, methodological rigor, and illustrative evidence. This book offers a structured and visually engaging exploration of how AI can support each of the 17 SDGs. By combining technical depth with accessible illustrations, it bridges the gap between advanced AI concepts and their practical applications in domains such as poverty estimation, climate action, health, and education. Readers will encounter real-world case studies, annotated diagrams, and examples that highlight both the promises and the limitations of AI for sustainability. Designed as both a reference and a guide, the book speaks to researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and students who want to understand not only the “what” and “why” but also the “how” of AI for sustainable development. By the end of this illustrated tour, readers will gain a clearer vision of where AI truly contributes, where caution is needed, and how innovation can be directed to serve the common good
Scaling up morphological differentiation of pangolin scales: Serial, ontogenetic and evolutionary variation
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Pangolins are the most heavily trafficked mammals in the world, largely because of the high demand for their keratinous scales from the traditional Chinese medicine market. While seizures of pangolin material are largely composed of isolated scales, efficient approaches to reach species‐level identification are missing. This mostly originates from the lack of comparative studies on the shape of pangolin scales, resulting in knowledge gaps on the imbricated effects of serial, ontogenetic, and evolutionary variations. Using a large sample of micro‐CT scan data, we performed the first quantitative 3D analysis of scale shape variation among the eight species of extant pangolins. Our geometric morphometric approach suggests that pangolins grossly share similar trends of serial variation, with scale shape and size being similarly distinct across the different body regions. Relative elongation is by far the main component of scale shape variation at the intraspecific level, although degree of asymmetry and shape of scale bed area also allow distinction among different body areas, especially in adults. At the evolutionary level, Phataginus is the most distinctive genus, with P. tricuspis having the most elongated scales overall. Scales of the back (dorsum) appear to be the best discriminator between species, providing one of the few scale shape differences recorded between the genera Smutsia and Manis . Our results provide an unprecedented, upstream understanding of broad differentiation patterns across the scaled body of pangolins. Together with other yet‐to‐be‐explored morphological traits (e.g., scale size, ornamentation, and thickness), scale shape could provide a valuable matrix of information for forensic applications