HAL Portal usj Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth-Liban
Not a member yet
1220 research outputs found
Sort by
A Novel Classification of 3D Rib Cage Deformity in Subjects With Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
No full textInternational audienceStudy Design: This was a multicentric cross-sectional descriptive study.Objective: To analyze patterns of 3D rib cage deformity in subjects with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and their relationship with the spinal deformity.Summary of Background Data: Subjects with AIS present with rib cage deformity that can affect respiratory functions. The 3D rib cage deformities in AIS and their relationship to the spinal deformity are still unelucidated.Methods: A total of 200 AIS and 71 controls underwent low-dose biplanar x-rays and had their spine and rib cage reconstructed in 3-dimensional (D). Classic spinopelvic parameters were calculated in 3D and: rib cage gibbosity, thickness, width, volume and volumetric spinal penetration index (VSPI). Subjects with AIS were classified as: group I with mild rib cage deformity (n=88), group II with severe rib cage deformity (n=112) subgrouped into IIa (high gibbosity, n=48), IIb (high VSPI, n=48), and IIc (both high gibbosity and VSPI, n=16).Results: Groups IIa and IIb had a higher Cobb angle (33 vs. 54 degrees and 46 degrees, respectively) and torsion index (11 vs. 14 degrees and 13 degrees, respectively) than group I. Group IIb showed more severe hypokyphosis (IIb=21 degrees; IIa=33 degrees; I=36 degrees; control=42 degrees) with a reduced rib cage volume (IIb=4731 cm3; IIa=4985 cm3; I=5257 cm3; control=5254 cm3) and thickness (IIb=135 mm; IIa=148 mm; I=144 mm; control=144 mm). Group IIa showed an increasingly large local gibbosity descending from proximal to distal levels and did not follow the axial rotation of the spine. Group IIc showed characteristics of both groups IIa and IIb.Conclusions: This new classification of 3D rib cage deformity in AIS shows that the management of cases with high VSPI (groups IIb and IIc) should focus on restoring as much kyphosis as possible to avoid respiratory repercussions. Treatment indications in groups I and IIa would follow the consensual basic principles reported in the literature regarding bracing and surgery
New insights on the conservation status of the Endangered coastal endemic plant Astragalus berytheus (Fabaceae) in Lebanon
No full textInternational audienceCoastal vegetation includes unique species with adaptations to the specific conditions of this environment, and in the Mediterranean region urban development of coastal areas has severely affected coastal ecosystems. Astragalus berytheus Boiss. & Blanche is a narrow endemic plant of the eastern Mediterranean coast, occurring in Lebanon and Palestine/Israel; its Red List status has not been previously assessed. As a result of the effects of urban sprawl in coastal areas A. berytheus is one of the most threatened plant taxa in Lebanon. We assess the conservation status of this taxon and propose conservation measures. Only one population of A. berytheus is extant in Lebanon, in the Tyre Coast Nature Reserve. We recommend that A. berytheus should be categorized as Endangered globally and as Critically Endangered at the national level in Lebanon. Unless adequate conservation measures are implemented A. berytheus is likely to go extinct in Lebanon in the near future
Conservation of genetic resources at landscape level through demonstration cases
No full textInternational audienc
Economic Burden of Urinary Tract Infections From Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli Among Hospitalized Adult Patients in Lebanon: A Prospective Cohort Study
No full textInternational audienceObjectives: The rising incidence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) attributable to Escherichia coli resistant isolates is becoming a serious public health concern. Although global rates of infection vary considerably by region, the growing prevalence of this uropathogen has been associated with a high economic burden and health strain. This study aims: (1) to estimate the differences in clinical and economic outcomes between 2 groups of adult hospitalized patients with UTIs from E. coli resistant and susceptible bacteria and (2) to investigate drivers of this cost from a payer's perspective.Methods: A prospective multicenter cohort study was conducted in 10 hospitals in Lebanon. The cost analysis followed a bottom-up microcosting approach; a linear regression was constructed to evaluate the predictors of hospitalization costs and a Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the impact of resistance on length of stay (LOS) and in-hospital mortality.Results: Out of 467 inpatients, 250 cases were because of resistant E. coli isolates. Results showed that patients with resistant uropathogens had 29% higher mean total hospitalization costs (2651; P = .004), and an extended median LOS (6 days vs 5 days; P = .020) compared with susceptible cohorts. The selection of resistant bacteria and the Charlson comorbidity index predicted higher total hospitalization costs and in-hospital mortality.Conclusion: In an era of increased pressure for cost containment, this study showed the burden of treating UTIs resulting from resistant bacteria. The results can inform cost-effectiveness analyses that intend to evaluate the benefit of a national action plan aimed at decreasing the impact of antibiotic resistance
Interpretable Dual Sparse Partial Least Squares (DS-PLS) regression; Application to NMR/NIR petroleum data sets
No full textNational audienc
The Bond Strength and Antibacterial Activity of the Universal Dentin Bonding System: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textStreptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is a group of viridans mostly located in oral flora among the wide and biodiverse biofilm. It plays a significant role not only in caries formation but also triggering intracerebral haemorrhage. The durable and stable bond interface, besides bacteria elimination, is one of the crucial factors influencing the resin composite restoration performance. This study aimed to evaluate universal adhesives (UAs) with regard to in vitro bond strength to dentin, and the inhibition of the S. mutans growth and compare them with UAs modified with antimicrobial agents through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Two reviewers performed a literature search up to April 2021 in 5 electronic databases: PubMed MedLine, Scielo, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and EMBASE. Only in vitro studies reporting the effect of modifying UAs with antimicrobial agents on the bond strength to dentin and/or on the inhibition of the S. mutans were included. Analyses were carried out using Review Manager Software version 5.3.5 (The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark). The methodological quality of each in vitro study was evaluated following the parameters of a previous systematic review. A total of 1716 potentially relevant publications were recognized. After reviewing the title and abstract, 16 studies remained in the systematic review. From these, a total of 3 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Since data from the studies included in the antimicrobial outcome included zero values, they could not be meta-analysed. Including 0 values in the analysis will lead to several biases in the analysis, so these data were discarded. The antibacterial effect against S. mutans of UAs modified with antimicrobial agents was higher than the non-modified adhesive systems. Within the limitations of the present study, the bond strength of UAs to dentin could be improved by using antimicrobial agents. The UAs modified with antibacterial agents showed a decrease in the viability of S. mutans biofilm, among the adhesives tested. However, there are not enough valid data on antibacterial properties of modified UAs; therefore, more well-designed research on these materials is needed
Supporting every school to become a foundation for healthy lives
No full textInternational audienceAs a setting where children and adolescents live and learn, linked to the family and embedded within the wider community, schools have an important influence on every student's health. Many health interventions have used schools as a platform, often for standalone programmatic initiatives to reduce health risks, and sometimes for more comprehensive approaches, but the interventions, uptake, and sustainability are generally disappointing. Evidence shows that, to improve health and to reduce inequality, all students must attend school from a young age and for as long as possible, and their educational success therein must be maximised. Thus, beyond educational benefits, schools are also important for health. Coherence between each school's policies, structures and systems, human resources, and practices is required to advance both academic and health outcomes. Beyond simply implementing ready-made programmes into schools, health professionals can position themselves as catalysts for structural change as they have many opportunities to advocate for, and participate in, the intersectoral implementation of reforms and innovations in school systems to promote the health of all students
Occurrence of the mobile colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in extended-β-lactamase- and pAmpC-β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli from broilers in Lebanon
No full textInternational audienc
Use of FT‐NIR and XPS techniques to distinguish cell hull fractions prepared by autolysis or HPH from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Brettanomyces bruxellensis strains
No full textInternational audienceYeast hulls can be used to adsorb undesirable compounds such as volatile phenols that may be present in wine. To understand this adsorption process, the properties of the cell walls and their chemical composition need to be better understood. A study was conducted using four different yeast fractions of either autolysed or high-pressure homogeniser (HPH)-crushed yeast biomasses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Brettanomyces bruxellensis. Near-infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR) coupled with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used and analysed by principal component analysis (PCA). The FT-NIR spectral region of Saccharomyces and Brettanomyces statistically analysed by PCA showed a clear discrimination accounting for 76% of the variation in the data for PC1; moreover, yeast hulls prepared from the same strain and subjected to two different treatments were also separated. These methods classify yeast cell hulls (YCH) according to strain, composition and treatment applied. Our results indicate that yeast hulls obtained by autolysis are less rich in proteins than those resulting from HPH treatment due to the high pressure that releases more proteins and exposes them on the surface of the cell wall. The composition of YCH at the extreme surface is similar to that found deeper in the wall
Contribution à une modélisation de l'éco-accompagnement
No full textIn this executive summary, we examine our scientific research as well as our professional experience using a critical and analytical stance. This will allow us to answer the following question: What support model would make it possible to understand the complexity of humans and of situations, promoting the emancipation of individuals, the community and the institution? Based on the link between theory and practice, we frame this synthesis in that of Marcel (2020) who articulates professional practices with scientific knowledge. Therefore, there are three parts that structure this synthesis. In the first part, "Support as a fruit of experience" (the "for"), we revisit our experience, related in the ego-memory, and we propose a first modeling of the support system, based on the contributions theorized from experience. In the second part, "Support as an object of scientific research" (the "on"), we analyze our work according to a paradigmatic approach in four movements: the first one mobilizes a rational approach based on facts and is aligned with the positivist paradigm; the second one mobilizes an interactive approach between the accompanied and those who are accompanying them and is part of the socio-constructivist paradigm; the third one adds the interaction with the environment to that of the accompanied and those who are accompanying them, according to the ecological paradigm; and the fourth movement results in "a strategic eco support" that is taking place in times of crisis and falling within the eco-systemic paradigm. As a consequence of the four movements, we propose a second modeling of support. In the third and final part “Support in participatory approaches” (the “with”), we mobilize support in participatory approaches, bringing the professional field closer to the academic world, by implementing five complementary logics: epistemological, pragmatic, axiological, political and strategic. As a result, we propose a third model of support. Finally, we make the ‘for’, the ‘on’ and the ‘with’ parts in dialogue in order to extract “Elements of references for a research directive”. In addition, we reach the conclusion that the strategic eco-support should be included in a paradigm that we qualify as ‘’ chrono-systemic paradigm”. It would have the added value of taking a strategic look at support, in connection with human history that takes shape in the time and space of a changing contemporary context.Dans la Note de synthèse, nous portons un regard critique et analytique sur nos recherches scientifiques ainsi que sur notre expérience professionnelle afin de répondre à la question suivante : Quel modèle d’accompagnement permettrait d’appréhender la complexité de l‘humain et des situations, favorisant l’émancipation des personnes, de la collectivité et de l’institution ? Convaincue du lien nécessaire entre la théorie et la pratique, nous inscrivons la Note de synthèse dans la logique de Marcel (2020) qui articule les pratiques professionnelles avec les savoirs scientifiques. Trois parties structurent ainsi la Note de synthèse. Dans la première partie, « L’accompagnement comme fruit de l’expérience » (le « pour »), nous revisitons notre expérience, relatée dans l’égo-mémoire, et proposons une première modélisation de l’accompagnement, basée sur les apports théorisés de l’expérience. Dans la deuxième partie, « L’accompagnement comme objet de recherche scientifique » (le « sur »), nous analysons nos travaux selon une approche paradigmatique en quatre mouvements : le premier mobilise une démarche rationnelle fondée sur des faits et s’aligne sur le paradigme positiviste ; le deuxième mobilise une démarche interactive entre l’accompagnant et l’accompagné et s’inscrit dans le paradigme socio-constructiviste ; le troisième ajoute l’interaction avec l’environnement à celle de l’accompagné et de l’accompagnant, selon le paradigme écologique ; le quatrième mouvement aboutit à un « éco-accompagnement stratégique », s’exerçant en temps de crise et s’inscrivant dans le paradigme éco-systémique. À l’issue des quatre mouvements, nous proposons une deuxième modélisation de l’accompagnement. Dans la troisième et dernière partie « L’accompagnement, au coeur des démarches participatives », (le « avec »), nous abordons l’accompagnement en rapprochant le terrain professionnel du monde académique, mettant en oeuvre cinq logiques complémentaires : l’épistémologique, la pragmatique, l’axiologique, la politique et la stratégique. À l’issue de cette partie, nous proposons une troisième modélisation de l’accompagnement. Finalement, nous faisons dialoguer les parties « pour », « sur » et « avec » afin d’en extraire des « Eléments de repères pour une directrice de recherche » et arrivons au constat qu’il faudrait inscrire l’éco-accompagnement stratégique dans un paradigme que nous qualifions de « paradigme chronosystémique ». Il aurait la plus-value de porter un regard stratégique sur l’accompagnement, en lien avec l’histoire humaine qui prend corps dans le temps et dans l’espace d’un contexte contemporain mouvant