Afe Babalola University Based Journals
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An Assessment of Compensation Management in Afe Babalola University
No full textFor most employees, pay constitutes a primary motivation for working and remains central to the employment relationship. Compensation, therefore, represents a defining element of the exchange between employers and employees. Against this backdrop, this study examines compensation management at Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria, with particular emphasis on its implications for employee job satisfaction. Key components of compensation are assessed in relation to both academic and non-academic staff. The study observes that Afe Babalola University operates various compensation packages for its employees at differing levels. The findings reveal a positive correlation between employee compensation and job satisfaction within the University. However, the study also indicates that the compensation received by academic and non-academic staff at Afe Babalola University is relatively lower when compared with that of employees in some other universities. In addition, complaints were identified regarding the withdrawal of certain compensation benefits previously enjoyed by staff. Issues relating to selective favouritism in recruitment and promotion, as well as other forms of inequality, were also observed within the compensation system. The study concludes that compensation management at Afe Babalola University is relatively fair and above average; however, significant improvements are required in certain areas to enhance the University’s capacity to attract, motivate, and retain qualified staff. Consequently, the study proposes policy options aimed at improving compensation management in order to promote employee job satisfaction and productivity at Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti
Artificial Neural Network for the Clustering of Vibration Signals for Condition Monitoring of Rotating Machines
Full text linkVibration analysis is commonly used to provide valuable insights into the condition of a machine, which is crucial for ensuring reliability and reducing maintenance costs. However, analysis of vibration signals using artificial neural network (ANN) is mostly via development of classification models, which cannot be suitably applied to several varied machine types and specifications. This study investigates the use of ANN in the clustering of vibration signals for machine condition monitoring of several rotating machines. Data obtained from different rotating machines for 4 years was utilized for the study. The data contained values of vibration signals taken at 12 different pickup points, power ratings, year and equipment location. The obtained data was preprocessed and analyzed statistically. Then, silhouette scores and within-cluster sum of squares (WCSS) were used to obtain the optimum number of clusters for the analysis. Afterwards, different clusters were created using ANN, which were then explored to gain insights for potential applicability of the technique for assessment of the conditions of rotating machines. The result of ANOVA showed that there were significant variations between readings obtained from different pickup points and readings obtained from the different machines, with p-values far less than 0.05 for both cases. It was found via silhouette and WCSS that 9 was an optimum number of clusters for the analysis. Calculated mean of standardized values informs that 6 clusters contained machines with different forms of faults, having positive mean values far greater than 0. Also, there were 2 clusters with machines having good working conditions with negative mean values, while one cluster had machines that were moderately okay with mean values close to 0. The study has shown that ANN can effectively cluster a set of machines based on their conditions using vibration signals taken at different pick-up points. The developed framework is a suitable alternative to ANN-based classification methods which have limited applicability
Development of an Integrated Human-Computer Interactive Model for Improved User Experience in Gesture-Controlled Smart Mirrors
Full text linkThe advancement of smart technologies has led to the development of innovative home automation devices, with smart mirrors emerging as a modern convenience tool. This paper focuses on the design and implementation of a gesture-controlled smart mirror, incorporating a two-way mirror, monitor, raspberry pi, gesture-enabled camera, power adaptor and a swipeable interface to enhance user interaction. The objectives of the paper include designing a comprehensive smart mirror using CAD, integrating gesture control technology through Python's OpenCV package, constructing a functional prototype utilizing the Magic Mirror software, and conducting extensive testing. Key tests conducted include usability test to assess user interaction, functionality test to validate gesture control and mirror operations, data analysis for performance metrics, and visibility test for optimal display quality. Functionality test showed an average gesture detection accuracy of 92.5%, with the swipe left and swipe right gestures achieving the highest accuracy. In the usability test, the average response time across all gestures was 0.75 seconds, which is within the acceptable range for real-time interaction. Other performance indicators like error rate, average user satisfaction, device uptime and gesture latency were tested. These results demonstrated the effectiveness of the gesture-controlled interface, with the prototype showing high accuracy in gesture recognition and overall positive user feedback in terms of usability and reliability. The findings of this work suggest that the developed smart mirror could serve as a valuable addition to smart home environments, offering a seamless and interactive experience for users
Assessment of Scouring Effect of Msingi Masonry Arch Bridge in Mkalama, Singida, Tanzania
Full text linkThis study presents an integrated geotechnical and hydraulic assessment of the Msingi Masonry Arch Bridge in Mkalama District, Singida, Tanzania, to evaluate scour vulnerability, subsurface strength, and structural load capacity. Field investigations included Dynamic Probing Light (DPL) testing, core sampling, and particle size analysis at six test pits (DS1–DS6), alongside laboratory tests adhering to BS 1377:1990 standards. Results revealed significant spatial variability in soil gradation and compaction, with deeper layers demonstrating high bearing capacities (up to 1555.8 kN/m²), while surface strata exhibited loose conditions and higher susceptibility to erosion—particularly in zones with elevated fines content. Hydraulic modelling, using site-specific parameters such as hydraulic radius (1.88 m), channel slope (0.0082), and Manning’s coefficient (0.017), predicted a scour depth of 2.6 m, compared to the observed 2.0 m. Structural analysis using the MEXE method yielded an allowable axle load of 28.05 tonnes, translating to a foundation pressure of 98.6 kN/m², which is within safe soil capacity limits. Despite current structural stability, the narrow scour margin and near-threshold loading conditions indicate elevated long-term vulnerability. The study recommends immediate installation of scour countermeasures, selective foundation deepening in weak zones, and routine monitoring to enhance the resilience and longevity of the bridge
Foregrounding as a Stylistic Strategy for Political Critique in Lasisi Olagunju’s Cowries of Blood
Full text linkCowries of Blood by Lasisi Olagunju is a poignant collection of essays addressing the grave security threats facing Nigeria. The book criticises the socio-political scenery of ‘Nigeria, addressing issues such as herdsmen violence, banditry, and what the author terms Nigeria’s endgame politics’. While concentrating majorly on Northern Nigeria, Cowries of Blood is a strong means of portraying and expressing concern about the country’s challenges through a rich tapestry of linguistic features. The paper presents a stylistic analysis of selected essays from Lasisi Olagunju’s Cowries of Blood, focusing on more prominent, defamiliarised and deviant from the norm to attract attention and create aesthetic effects. Key stylistic elements such as foregrounding, metaphor, irony, and satire are skilfully utilised by the author to highlight issues of corruption, violence, and societal decay. Analysing nine essays in Cowries of Blood using Crystal and Davy’s (1969) stylistics approach, the author’s use of language, rhetorical devices, and narrative techniques contributed to the thematic concerns and persuasive power of language in the book. The study concluded that Olagunju’s mastery of language and literary techniques enhances the persuasiveness of his socio-political commentary and engages readers in a critical reflection on the issues facing Nigeria
Oil Politics and Subaltern Crises in Niger-Delta Poetry: A Study of Sophia Obi’s Tears in a Basket
Full text linkThe paradox of wealth and despair in the Niger-Delta region of Nigeria has inspired a growing body of works that interrogate the crises in the region. Poetry is a veritable medium for documenting these struggles and vocalising the aspirations of the people. Sophia Obi’s Tears in a Basket stands as a reflection of the socio-economic inequalities and environmental degradation faced by Niger-Delta communities as a result of oil exploration and exploitation. The collection critiques the exploitation of natural resources and marginalised groups, and exposes the complicity of state actors and multinational corporations involved in these injustices to the subalterns. This study adopts resistance framework to analyse Obi’s portrayal of class struggle and the commodification of resources in the region. It situates Tears in a Basket within the spectrum of Niger-Delta resistance literature and examines how the poet highlights the alienation and dispossession of local communities. The study reveals that Obi’s work successfully critiques the manipulation of the natural together with human resources, and highlights the collaboration of capitalist agencies and state operatives in mounting and prolonging inequality. Her clear imagery accentuates the cultural and environmental degradation fashioned and executed by oil exploration and extraction, while also reflecting the resilience and aspirations of the subaltern Niger-Delta people. The poems, in addition to the documentation of the lived realities, also envision a future where environmental justice and sustainability shall prevail. This is the conclusion of the paper. Finally, the paper underscores poetry as a vehicle for critiquing systemic exploitation and advocating reform
Social Media and Gender Equality: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice
Full text linkIssues of gender representation and visibility on various social mediaplatforms and access to specific roles, responsibilities, tasks, and privileges,as well as gender portrayal, have been on the international agenda sincethe 1990s, raising concerns about news media diversity and accessibility.Construction of gender goes on today through various technologies andindividual discourses with the power to control the field of social meaningand thus produce, promote, and ‘implant’ representations of gender.Therefore, this study examined the influence of social media on theknowledge, attitude, and practice of gender equality among residents ofOyo State. The study is anchored on Technological Determinism Theory.The study adopts an analytical survey research design. The instrumentof data collection for the study was a self-designed questionnaire. Thefindings of the study revealed that Residents of Oyo State became highlyknowledgeable about gender equality through various social mediaplatforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, YouTube, and LinkedIn, which means that they are familiar with all the necessary factors related togender equality. Findings also highlight that Residents of Oyo State haveaffirmative attitudes towards gender equality. In line with the findings ofthis research and other studies reviewed, it is concluded that social mediaremains a platform that can go a long way to promote gender equality inNigeria and the world at large. It is recommended that the Government,Non-governmental organisations, and international NGOs should tapinto the opportunities by devising the use of social media, actionableprogrammes, and policies to promote equality between genders
Harnessing Development Communication for Urban Growth: Evaluating Strategic Communication in Infrastructure and Social Development in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja
Full text linkThis paper examines the role of development communication in driving infrastructural growth and socio-economic development in Abuja, Nigeria’s capital city. It highlights how strategic communication initiatives have facilitated public participation, improved policy implementation, and fostered collaboration between stakeholders in urban development projects. Drawing from various case studies, the paper explores the effectiveness of media campaigns, community engagement programmes, and digital communication platforms in promoting sustainable development. Despite notable progress, challenges such as inadequate communication infrastructure, low media literacy, and political interference persist. The paper concludes by recommending enhanced investment in development communication, capacity building for communication practitioners, and the adoption of innovative communication technologies to support Abuja’s development agenda. The study highlights the crucial role of communication in shaping urban development, advocating for more inclusive, transparent, and participatory communication strategies in Nigeria’s development efforts
Agricultural Credit Mobilisation and Food Security in Nigeria: Investigating the Interaction Effect of Urbanisation
Full text linkNigeria's escalating food insecurity crisis is inadequately addressed by existing research, which often relies on qualitative insights and limited household surveys, failing to capture critical dimensions of the issue. Conventional food security metrics lack comprehensiveness, emphasising the need for broader approaches. This study fills the gap by employing holistic food security indices to offer a multidimensional evaluation and investigate urbanisation's moderating role in the relationship between agricultural credit mobilisation and food security. Using 24 years of data (2000–2023) from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin and the Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) database, the study employs advanced econometric methods, including autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) estimation, unit root testing, F-bound tests for cointegration, and principal component analysis (PCA). Results show that agricultural credit mobilisation exerts a significant negative impact on food security, while urbanisation amplifies this negative impact, further intensifying the nation's food insecurity challenges. Hence, the study recommends tailored agricultural credit schemes that address the specific needs of rural and urban areas. Policymakers should prioritise sustainable agricultural practices and food production systems that align with Nigeria’s broader goals for resilience and sustainable development
An Appraisal of ECOWAS in the 2023 Military Intervention in Niger Republic’s Politics
Full text linkThe Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has consistently been instrumental in fostering regional stability; however, its suggested military intervention after the 2023 coup in Niger Republic sparked significant discussions regarding the legitimacy, efficacy, and political ramifications of such measures. This paper evaluates ECOWAS's reaction to the July 2023 military coup that removed President Mohamed Bazoum, analysing the regional organisation's transition from diplomatic measures to the consideration of military intervention. The primary issue examined is the seeming disjunction between ECOWAS's normative pledges to democracy and the actual constraints in upholding constitutional order, particularly amid increasing public scepticism and regional security instability. The objective of the study is to critically examine the role played by ECOWAS in the 2023 military intervention in Niger Republic’s politics. The research is guided by the question: What role did ECOWAS play during the 2023 military intervention in Niger’s politics? The study employs a qualitative methodology, utilising content analysis of official ECOWAS communiqués, interviews with regional policy analysts, and secondary sources including academic literature and news media. Initial findings indicate that although ECOWAS aimed to prevent the proliferation of coups and reinforce its normative authority, the action divided member states and incited local opposition in Niger, highlighting issues of legitimacy and regional cohesion. The paper concludes that ECOWAS' strategy to the Niger’s political crisis demonstrates a tenuous equilibrium between normative enforcement and geopolitical realities. The intervention threat revealed internal fissures within the bloc and underscored the necessity for more participatory and locally rooted dispute management procedures. This evaluation provides insights into the changing functions of regional organisations in Africa's democratic consolidation and peacebuilding initiatives