Afe Babalola University Based Journals
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Who is a Feminist? What Nigerians Say
No full textFeminists have been fighting for gender equality for over 100 years, and feminism has gained significant attention all over the world. Yet the word feminist is not only controversial but also comes with several negative connotations. It is a word not many men want to hear, and even women do not want to be identified with because of the negative stereotypes and misconceptions associated with feminists. For example, a 2018 YouGov poll in the UK with a sample size of 2010 adults in Great Britain found that eight out of ten people who participated in the survey agreed that men and women should be treated equally in every way, but still did not want to be identified as feminists. In Germany, only 8percent of women, when asked if they were feminist, said yes. This makes one ponder the problem with the word feminist, and whether the issue of people distancing themselves from the word is the same across the world. This study’s primary aim is to gain insight on Nigerian’s interpretation of who a feminist is. Itwill determine whether Nigerians’ understanding of feminism aligns with the dictionary definition of the term and what causes the negative labels that make Nigerians (men and women) avoid the term or prefer not to be identified as a feminist. Through an online survey where over 250 Nigerians responded to a questionnaire, this study revealed Nigerians’ idea of feminism and who a feminist is. While the majority (85percent) of the respondents support equal rights and opportunities for women and men, close to 50 percent of the respondents avoid being called a feminist and do not identify as feminists. The respondents see feminism as alien and associate it with the westernization of Nigerian culture. To 85 percent of the respondents, feminists are generallybitter and uncontrollable women who deviate from the cultures and traditions of the country. In view of the findings above, this paper then recommends a reorientation of Nigerian men and women for a better understanding of feminism and who a feminist is. Proper education about the traditional idea behind feminism would no doubt help in changing the negative labels of a feminist as an alien, deviant, bitter, aggressive, and uncontrollable woman who cannot live under/with a man. Feminists aim to primarily advocate equal rights for men and women, and do not deserve negative labels under the guise of culture and religion.The women feminists not properly informed about feminism should be enlightened and not condemned
Assessing the Impact of Telecommunications Engineering Teams’ Soft Skills on Job Performance
Get PDFDifferent project failures that occurred previously all around the world motivated researchers, academics, and business owners to engage in forensic activities to determine the root causes of such failures. Some businesses found that, regardless of the sound technical skills possessed by the personnel who managed the failed projects, the personnel’s lack of soft skills was a major contributing factor toward the project failures. The purpose of the quantitative study was to assess how telecommunications engineering teams’ soft skills could affect the engineers' job performance based on their perceptions. The research was based on the Styron Soft-Skills Competency Framework, which had three clusters of soft skills and was modified into a five-cluster framework. The five clusters formed the basis on which a five-point Likert scale research questionnaire was developed. A pilot study with 7 participants was conducted, after which a total of 46 telecommunications engineers participated in the full study survey. Cronbach’s alpha test was conducted to establish the internal consistency of the survey instrument. The findings of the study showed that financial management soft skills significantly impacted job performance as perceived by the respondents. Recommendations for future research include assessing the impact of the soft skills of engineers on their job performance in other industries and countries
Sport Event Planning and Execution: Leveraging Workflow Gantt and Process Flow Charts as Project Management Tools
No full textEffective planning and execution are critical success factors for sport events of all scales. This paper explores the application of workflow charts as a project management tool to streamline and optimize the sport event lifecycle. Workflow charts offer a visual representation of tasks, decision points, and processes, facilitating better communication, resource allocation, and risk mitigation among stakeholders. The study examines the advantages of integrating workflow charts, including the identification of bottlenecks, incorporation of contingency plans, progress monitoring, and data-driven decision-making. Additionally, the paper highlights the importance of a collaborative approach, involving diverse stakeholders and leveraging their respective expertise throughout the event planning and execution phases. Case studies were presented, demonstrating the implementation of workflow charts in the organization and logistics of a major university sports event. The findings underscore the potential of workflow charts to enhance efficiency, transparency, and accountability, ultimately contributing to the successful delivery of memorable and impactful sport event experiences. Furthermore, the paper discusses the integration of project management tools such as Gantt charts and risk management matrices, emphasizing the value of a comprehensive project management framework in the sports industry
Geoelectrical Investigation of the Groundwater Potential in Eti-Osa, Lagos State, Nigeria
No full textAn electrical resistivity survey was conducted in Eti-Osa, Lagos State, Nigeria, to characterize the subsurface lithologic units, delineate the underlying aquifer, and assess groundwater potential. The study utilized an ABEM SAS 1000 terrameter for the data acquisition. Eight vertical electrical soundings were carried out using the Schlumberger electrode configuration. Data interpretation, both qualitative and quantitative, was presented through tables, charts, and sections. The interpreted geoelectric models revealed three to five layers with varying lithologies, including topsoil, sand, silty sand, sandy clay, silty clay, and clay. The first geoelectric layer, with resistivity values ranging from 8 Ωm to 320 Ωm, is relatively thin, with a thickness between 0.4 m and 3 m. The second layer exhibits thicknesses of 1.3 m to 15 m and resistivity variation between 1.5 Ωm to 185 Ωm. The third layer varies in thickness from 1 m to 36 m, with varying resistivity between 9 Ωm to 335 Ωm. The fourth geoelectric layer has a thickness range of 5 m to 20 m and resistivity values between 1.6 Ωm and 193 Ωm. The basement resistivity ranges from 3 Ωm to 361 Ωm. The study identified the sand layers, particularly at VES points 1, 2, 3, and 8, as the most promising for groundwater extraction. In contrast, VES points 4 and 5 are less favorable, and points 6 and 7 may yield lower-quality water. It is recommended that boreholes be drilled to depths greater than 20 meters at VES sites 1, 2, 3, and 8 for optimal water quantity and quality. However, sites 3 and 8 may be at risk of contamination due to shallower depths
EXAMINATION OF THE OWNERSHIP OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE GENERATED DOCUMENTS.
Get PDFThe modern-day reality is that the world has seen unprecedented evolution in information technology and artificial intelligence. In the opinion of theorist of technological convergence, the acceptance of information technology has become necessary as almost every facet of life revolves around it. In fact, technological determinism posits that advanced technology is taking over the entire landscape of human existence, including learning and research. This is buttressed by the evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools that aid in research, writing and referencing. The evolution of these AI tools necessitates a conversation about the ownership and protection of Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) in materials generated using these AI tools. It has also become important to define what amounts to infringements of these IPRs, at what point an infringement could be stated to have occurred and who would be held liable for such infringements.
This paper adopts the doctrinal research methodology to analyse primary and secondary sources of data in order to determine the issues of ownership and protection of IPRs emanating from the use of AI tools for research. It submits that the use of AI tools in research presents some fresh problems for Intellectual Property (IP) protection and enforcement which should be addressed through making amendment to existing IP laws in Nigeria. The study concludes by making recommendations on how to fortify our existing legal regimes and weed out loopholes that can be exploited to successfully infringe on the rights of AI generated IPRs holders
Impacts of Corporate Structural Changes on Performance of Banks and Non-Bank Financial Institutions in Nigeria, 2005-2019
Get PDFThis study investigated the impacts of corporate structural changes on performance of banks and non-bank financial institutions in Nigeria covering a period of 15 years (2005-2019). The capital structural change was captured with absolute change in debt equity ratio, total debt ratio, long-term debt ratio short-term debt ratio while the performance was measured with dividend per share and gross earnings. The study adopted ex-post facto research design which provides empirical solutions to research problems by using already existing data. The secondary data was extracted from the published financial report of the sampled firms. Population of the study included all the 14 quoted Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) and 25 Insurance Companies in operation in Nigeria. The sample size of the study is delimited to 10 quoted DMBs and 10 Insurance firms in Nigeria and this was achieved through random sampling technique. The collected data were analyzed using quantitative econometric techniques such as descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and panel regression analysis. It was discovered that when the model was controlled with firm size and asset tangibility, absolute changes in total debt ratio, absolute changes in long term debt ratio and absolute changes in short term debt ratio have a positive but insignificant effect on gross earnings of deposit money banks and insurance companies in Nigeria. Also, it wasdisclosed that there is a significant effect of absolute changes in the components of capital structure on dividend per share. 
Voters’ Turnout and Democratisation in Nigeria: Interrogating the 2023 Presidential Election
Get PDFThe persistent trend of voters’ apathy in Nigeria remains an issue of concern to advocates of democracy and its sustenance in the country. Democracy is inherently dependent on the will of the people. The acceptability of a democratically instituted government is (to a large extent) measured by the popular support given by the people through periodic elections. This presupposes that elected representatives must regularly face the voters to seek or renew their mandates. Be that as it may, citizens’ participation in the election of their representatives underscores the substance of representative democracy. The legitimacy of emerging governments in a democratic political system is therefore hinged on the extent to which eligible voters come out to vote for them during elections. However, a worrisome phenomenon in Nigeria’s electoral history, most especially since the re-democratisation of the polity in 1999, is the declivity of voters’ turnout in both general and off-season elections. Specifically, voters’ turnout during the 2023 general elections was abysmally low. Of the 87.2 million Nigerians who collected their permanent voter’s card (PVC) out of 93.4 million who registered to vote, only 24.9 million (26.74%) actually voted during the presidential election. It is on the premise of this factuality that this paper interrogates the causes and implications of voters’ apathy for democracy and democratisation in Nigeria. Using qualitative approach, the paper examines the historical dynamics of voters’ turnout in Nigeria and its implications on democratisation, with specific reference to the 2023 presidential election
Youth Restiveness and Leadership Problem in Nigeria
Get PDFYouth restiveness has escalated in contemporary Nigeria, becoming a source of national concern. Unfortunately, Nigeria cannot thrive and make any meaningful progress if it continues to being plagued by youth restiveness. Being the most populous country in Africa and one of the most populous nations globally, Nigeria has a higher population of young people, that are restive than most countries of the world. Nigeria’s peace, security, progress and unity as a nation are under siege due to this phenomenon. However, the causes of youth’s restiveness are linked to unemployment, lack of basic and quality education, inadequate provision of welfare package, lack of infrastructural facilities, inequality and lack of other basic social amenities. The increased and negative effects of youth restiveness are present everywhere in Nigeria today as kidnapping, ritual killings, militancy, crimes, violence, bombing, destruction of government properties, cultism, armed robbery and political instability, among a host of others, bedevil the country. However, in some ways, youth restiveness could be linked to the failure and bad leadership style in Nigeria. The conflict theory will be used to explain threatening situations like war, killings, revolution, domestic violence, cybercrime and others. It is however pathetic that successive governments in Nigeria have failed to provide solutions to this menace through the provision of basic and quality education to teaming Nigeria youths, as well as employment opportunities, and other effective empowerment programmes. This study argues that for us to curtail and control youth restiveness in Nigeria, the government should harness youth skills and talents, ensure the provision of employment opportunities, and put in place quality education. The strength, wisdom and leadership skills of the youths should be channelled to various leadership positions in the society for growth
The Legislature in the Nerves of Socio-Economic Governance and Development: The Nigerian National Assembly in Perspective
Get PDFIn modern democracies, government is typically structured around the tripod of the legislative, executive, and judicial arms. However, a common misconception exists that, among these three arms, only the executive significantly contributes to a nation's socio-economic development. This misconception is particularly prevalent in Nigeria, where awareness of the substantial contributions made by the legislative arm is lacking. This study reveals that the National Assembly of Nigeria, endowed with numerous powers and functions as stipulated by the constitution, plays a crucial role in the nerves of the nation's socio-economic development. These powers encompass law-making, representation, oversight, and constituency services. An evaluation of the National Assembly's roles, specifically its constitutionally assigned roles, indicates substantial contributions to the nation's socio-economic development. The findings underscore the National Assembly's impactful initiatives, such as combating corruption through establishing commissions like the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) and the Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offenses Commission (ICPC). Additionally, efforts in rehabilitating regions affected by militant groups and terrorists, achieved through commissions like the Niger Delta Development Commission (NDDC) and the Northeast Development Commission (NEDC), are evidence of its developmental strides. The National Assembly's legislative acts have also positively changed the educational sector and electoral system. The study acknowledges the National Assembly's commendable role in addressing and managing diversities and its active involvement in various constituency services. However, it identifies impediments that hinder optimal performance, including executive dominance, disconnection from society, inadequate laws supporting institutional functions, lack of political will, and insufficient training for legislators and supporting staff. Recognising these challenges as surmountable, the study proposes an agenda for reforming its institutional responsibilities. Recommendations include strengthening relevant laws to fortify the institution, encouraging legislators to develop the political will necessary for effective oversight, implementing comprehensive training and re-training programmes for legislators and support staff, and minimising legislators' turnover to capitalise on accumulated experiences. The study concludes with the belief that addressing these constraints will pave the way for enhanced performances by the National Assembly, ultimately contributing to the overall betterment of the country