National University of Mongolia Scientific Journals
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ЯПОНЧУУДЫН ГЭРЛЭЛТ: ҮЗЭЛ БОДОЛ, ХАНДЛАГА, ӨӨРЧЛӨЛТ : MARRIAGE IN JAPAN: VIEWS ON MARRIAGE, TRENDS, AND CHANGES
No full textThe family is the fundamental unit of society and a core social value. As a result, marriage and family formation have traditionally been viewed as social responsibilities. Historically, marriage has been regarded as a key to personal happiness, reflecting a long-standing societal emphasis on matrimony and family life. However, global perspectives on marriage have been evolving in recent years. Beyond the institution of marriage itself, modern societies are experiencing shifts in life purpose, gender roles, and family dynamics, influenced by broader social and economic changes. These evolving perspectives have given rise to various societal challenges. In Japan, for example, an increasing number of individuals are marrying later, choosing not to marry, or having fewer children. This study aims to examine the changing attitudes toward marriage in Japan, the challenges associated with these shifts, and the perspectives of researchers on this issue
The Relation Between Personal Data Protection and National Security
No full textThe development of electronic technology has created many new legal and security challenges. These include domestic and foreign organizations spying on the public and using sophisticated technology to conduct propaganda for political purposes, thereby violating human rights. Countries take this into account in their security and legal policies and seek to create a legal environment to protect the personal data of their citizens from domestic political groups, criminals and foreign state organizations. This article identifies the factors that have contributed to making the protection of citizens’ personal data a legal guarantee for ensuring national security, namely (1) global digitalization and (2) the explosion of databases. It analyzes three cases and discusses how the security legal policies of the United States, Russia, and China have taken this issue into account.
Хүний хувийн мэдээллийн хамгаалалт ба үндэсний аюулгүй байдлын уялдаа хамаарал
[Товч утга]Цахим технологийн хөгжил эрх зүй ба аюулгүй байдлын олон шинэ сорилтыг бий болгосны нэг нь дотоод, гадаадын байгууллагууд улс төрийн зорилгоор хүний эрхийг зөрчиж олон нийтийг тагнах, нарийвчилсан арга технологиор ухуулга сурталчилгаа хийх явдал мөн. Үүнийг улс орнууд аюулгүй байдлын ба хууль зүйн бодлогодоо харгалзаж иргэдийнхээ хувийн мэдээллийг дотоодын улс төрийн бүлэглэл, гэмт этгээдүүд хийгээд гадаад улсын байгууллагаас хамгаалах эрх зүйн орчныг бүрдүүлэхийг хичээж байна. Энэ өгүүлэлд иргэний хувийн мэдээллийн хамгаалалт үндэсний аюулгүй байдлыг хангах эрх зүйн баталгаа болоход нөлөөлсөн хүчин зүйлсийг (1) глобал цахимжилт, (2) өгөгдлийн сангийн тэсрэлт хэмээн тодорхойлж, гурван тохиолдлыг шинжлэн, АНУ, ОХУ, БНХАУ-ын аюулгүй байдлын эрх зүйн бодлогод уг асуудлыг харгалзсан талаар хөндөнө.
[Түлхүүр үг]Хувийн мэдээлэл хамгаалал, хувийн халдашгүй байх эрх, мэдээллийн аюулгүй байдал, цахим аюулгүй байдал, аюулгүй байдлын эрх зүй
Профессор Ж.Бямба ба Монголын геологи: Дэлхийн цөмөөс Монгол Алтай хүртэл
No full textМонголын геологийн судалгаанд томоохон үүрэг гүйцэтгэсэн нэрт эрдэмтэн, геологич Ж.Бямбын сүүлийн 25 жилийн бүтээл туурвилаас онцлон томоохон хувь нэмэр болж байгаа эрдэм шинжилгээний үр дүнг товойлгон гаргахад энэ өгүүллийг зориулж байна. Дэлхий дээр эрчимтэй хөгжиж, олон жишээгээр нотлогдож байгаа боловч Монголын геологийн судалгаанд плюм тектоникийн ойлголт геодинамикийн үүднээс нэвтрээгүй байсныг Ж.Бямба нар онолын хувьд тодорхойлон гаргасан.Ж.Бямбын зохиосон тектоникийн дүүрэгчлэл нь хавтангийн тектоникийн үзэл баримтлал дээр суурилсан геодинамикийн судалгааны зарчмаар зохиогдсоноороо ач холбогдолтой юм. Энэ агуулгаар зарим дүүргийн тектоник дүүрэгчлэлийг засварласан. Монгол Улсын нутаг дэвсгэрт ээлжлэн солигдож байсан геодинамик орчин болон тэр үед үүсэж байсан голлох металлогений төрөлжилтийг холбосон анхны томоохон ажлуудыг хийсэн байна. Юрын интрүзив чулуулаг, дайкын комплекс дээр үндэслэн Монгол Алтайн нуруу юрын цаг үед өргөгдөх хандлагатай байсан хэмээн дүгнэсэн нь сүүлийн үеийн үр дүнтэй сайтар нийцсэн байна
Meme Culture in Mongolia: Examining It’s Positive and Negative Impacts on Society
No full textDue to the influence of digital evolution, meme culture has developed, allowing individuals to creatively express their ideas, foster social awareness, and ultimately build public relationships. This paper explores the dual impacts of meme culture by examining its positive contributions to contemporary society through the lens of 20th-century socio-cultural theory and its negative consequences through philosophical and ethical frameworks. The rise of meme culture, driven by the digital revolution, has transformed communication, enabling individuals to creatively express ideas, foster social awareness, and build communities. This research will examine meme culture as a contemporary form of interpersonal communication and discourse, drawing on the socio-cultural theories of Jean Baudrillard and Marshall McLuhan. While memes are recognized as a significant cultural phenomenon of the digital age, their pervasive nature presents substantial ethical challenges for society. Consequently, this study will integrate modern philosophical concepts to critically assess ethical issues associated with the spread of misinformation, stereotypes, and harmful ideologies. This analysis aims not only to elucidate the primary functions of memes but also to evaluate the positive and negative perceptions they foster within the public sphere. Ultimately, the research will conclude with an examination of several popular memes that have emerged among Mongolian internet users in recent years, with a particular focus on the common ethical concerns they raise
A STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND EXPECTATION GAP
No full textUnderstanding the relationship between service quality, pricing strategy, and customer satisfaction in Mongolian restaurants is essential for business growth and fostering customer loyalty. This study conducts a comparative statistical analysis of customer evaluations between two restaurants “Modern Nomads” and “Bluefin” using SPSS software. The research aims to highlight significant differences in customer perceptions and to identify factors that influence satisfaction through reliability testing, including сronbach’s аlpha
SECOND ORDER CONE PROGRAMMING APPROACH FOR OPTIMAL REINSURANCE
No full textIn this study, we propose an optimal retention for practical reinsurance problems via conditional tail expectation and variance-minization models. We add an additional constraint, which expresses solvency of an insurance company, to the reinsurance optimization problems based on classical premium principles, namely expectation premium and standard deviation premium principle. Moreover, optimal solution of the reinsurance optimization problems in real claim data is solved by reformulating into equivalent second-order cone programming problems. We use CVXR package of R programming to solve the equivalent problems. Finally, we make some recommendations to apply in practice
COMPARISON OF CONSUMER LIFESTYLE SEGMENTATION MODELS: APPLICATIONS OF AIO, VALS, LOV, AND LOHAS MODELS
No full textLifestyle segmentation models serve as important analytical tools for understanding consumer behavior, preferences, and purchase decision-making processes. These models classify consumers into lifestyle-based segments by analyzing psychological and social factors such as daily activities, interests, values, opinions, and attitudes. As a result, they enable marketers to develop more targeted strategies, optimize product development, strengthen brand positioning, enhance communication, and increase customer loyalty.This study reviews four widely used lifestyle segmentation models: AIO (Activities, Interests, Opinions), VALS (Values and Lifestyles), LOHAS (Lifestyles of Health and Sustainability), and LOV (List of Values). Each model has its own historical background, theoretical foundation, research methodology, and application scope. The aim of this research is to analyze and compare these models from both theoretical and practical perspectives
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF DETERMINING OPTIMAL STRUCTURE OF LIVESTOCK AND ITS INCOME MAXIMIZATION
No full textThe livestock sector is highly dependent on natural and climatic conditions, and disasters can have consequences such as livestock population decline, reduced fertility, increased livestock diseases, and loss of herd structure. This can lead to increased poverty and unemployment in society and the economy, a decline in the standard of living of the people, and an impact on the sector’s production, creating economic instability.Therefore, by optimizating and managing of the livestock structure, it is possible to stabilize production volume and economic efficiency of the sector. In this article, a new dynamic growth model that provides the optimal structure of livestock is proposed, and the forecast of the sheep flock of Zavkhan aimag has been done until 2034. Then, the policy of maximizing the income from sheep woolwas formulated as a linear programming problem. Based on statistical data, and the numerical results were performed on the “Matlab” program. The proposed approach can be used as an advanced management tool at the national, regional, aimag, soum, and household levels
WORK LIFE BALANCE IMPACT ON JOB BURNOUT (In case of concrete industry)
No full textThis study explores the influence of work-life balance on job burnout. The research was conducted among 100 employees working at a concrete batching plant in Mongolia. The primary aim of the study is to emphasize the role of worklife balance as a significant underlying factor contributing to employee burnout. The findings reveal that when work interferes with personal life, and personal life interferes with work, burnout factors tend to increase. Conversely, when work and personal life positively reinforce each other, burnout levels decrease. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire distributed via an online tool (Google Forms), and statistical analysis was performed using the Stata software package
Ерөнхий боловсролын сургуулийн хичээлийн хөтөлбөр дэхь одон орны агуулгын чанарын судалгаа: A Study on the Quality of Astronomy Content in the Curriculum of General Education Schools
No full textОрчин үеийн одон орон судлал бол физик, математик, техник, хими биологи, сансар судлал зэрэг байгаль, техникийн ухааны олон салбартай нягт холбоотойгоор эрчимтэй хөгжиж эрдэмтэд судлаачдын төдийгүй хүмүүсийн сонирхлыг онцгой ихээр татсаар байна. Одон орон судлал нь суурь шинжлэх ухааны нэг учраас танин мэдэхүйн суурь болох гол мэдлэгийг өгдгөөрөө ихээхэн түүхэн ач холбогдолтой билээ. Хүн төрөлхтний шинжлэх ухаан, техникийн ололт амжилтууд нь XX зууны хоёрдугаар хагасаас эхлэн астрономийн хөгжлийн цоо шинэ үе шатанд орох боломжийг олгосон билээ. Астропарк нь давхардсан тоогоор нийт 122000 гаруй сонирхогчдод одон орны үзэгдлүүдийн учир шалтгаан, сансрын нислэгийн мөн чанарын талаар шинжлэх ухааны баримт дүгнэлтэд тулгуурлан түгээн дэлгэрүүлсэн. Энэ судалгааны ажлаар Монголчуудын одон орон, сансар судлалын мэдлэгийг үр дүнтэйгээр түгээн дэлгэрүүлэх замаар Монгол улсын Шинжлэх ухааны хөгжилд хувь нэмэр оруулах, мөн энэ хүрээнд ерөнхий боловсролын сургуулийн сурах бичигт одон орон судлалын мэдлэгийн хүрээг тодорхойлно. Судалгаанд суурилж (практик) заах нь лекц, сурах бичгийн арга барилаас илүү үр дүнтэй. [English]
Modern astronomy is a rapidly evolving interdisciplinary field closely connected to physics, mathematics, engineering, chemistry, biology, and space science. This dynamic integration has increasingly attracted the attention of both the scientific community and the general public. In Mongolia, the establishment of the Astropark in 2014 under the Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, initiated by national hero and cosmonaut J. Gurragchaa, marked a significant step toward promoting public awareness of astronomy and space science, as well as introducing current scientific achievements and future directions. In the era of expanding scientific and technological demands, the need for innovative methods of science communication is becoming more pronounced. High-tech astronomical planetariums, for example, serve as multifaceted educational platforms that not only support astronomy education but also contribute to the development of integrated STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) learning environments, fostering broader interest and engagement in these fields. This study aims to evaluate the quality and accessibility of astronomy content in Mongolia’s general education curriculum. It represents the first systematic assessment of astronomy education in the country and seeks to contribute to evidence-based educational policy reform. Content analysis was employed to examine the number, scope, and depth of astronomy-related topics included in the national curriculum