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Infant out-of-home care placements and longitudinal labor market attachment outcomes: A national cohort study
Get PDFBackground: Infant placements into out-of-home care have garnered increased research attention and societal awareness. Yet, despite the high, and in some countries, increasing rates of infant care entries, their long-term outcomes remain virtually unknown.Aim: This study examines the association between infant placement and poor labor market attachment, defined as ‘not in employment, education, or training’ (NEET), considering both occurrence and persistence during emerging adulthood and early midlife.
Methods: Using longitudinal register data from 622,940 individuals born in Sweden between 1975 and 1981, including approximately 0.2% (n=1,524) placed in care during infancy (<12 months), and followed up to age 38, the infant care group is contrasted with both the general population and those placed at older ages by means of sex-stratified hurdle regression analyses.
Findings: Infants placed in care face higher risks of experiencing any year with a NEET status during the follow-up compared to their general population peers. However, infants have significantly lower risks compared to the older care groups. Additionally, among those with any NEET status, the infant group exhibit higher rates of years with NEET status compared to the general population. Sex differences were noted, with women in the infant group having significantly lower rates than those placed at older ages, while men in the infant group had somewhat higher rates than other young care groups.
Conclusions: Overall, infant placement in care indicates a significant risk for poor labor market attachment across the life course. Given the substantial number of infant entries into care, these findings underscore the necessity for enhanced resources to address the unique needs of this population.Background: Infant placements into out-of-home care have garnered increased research attention and societal awareness. Yet, despite the high, and in some countries, increasing rates of infant care entries, their long-term outcomes remain virtually unknown.Aim: This study examines the association between infant placement and poor labor market attachment, defined as ‘not in employment, education, or training’ (NEET), considering both occurrence and persistence during emerging adulthood and early midlife.
Methods: Using longitudinal register data from 622,940 individuals born in Sweden between 1975 and 1981, including approximately 0.2% (n=1,524) placed in care during infancy (<12 months), and followed up to age 38, the infant care group is contrasted with both the general population and those placed at older ages by means of sex-stratified hurdle regression analyses.
Findings: Infants placed in care face higher risks of experiencing any year with a NEET status during the follow-up compared to their general population peers. However, infants have significantly lower risks compared to the older care groups. Additionally, among those with any NEET status, the infant group exhibit higher rates of years with NEET status compared to the general population. Sex differences were noted, with women in the infant group having significantly lower rates than those placed at older ages, while men in the infant group had somewhat higher rates than other young care groups.
Conclusions: Overall, infant placement in care indicates a significant risk for poor labor market attachment across the life course. Given the substantial number of infant entries into care, these findings underscore the necessity for enhanced resources to address the unique needs of this population
Who's afraid of the metaverse?
Get PDFImmersive technologies seem destined to promise us a different reality than the one we currently inhabit. Whether in advertising, at tech conferences, or in individual creators' descriptions of their work, the allure of a metaverse, a digital twin reality, or a new horizon seems everpresent. Augmented (AR), Virtual (VR), Extended (XR), or Mixed (MR): these reality media technologies intertwine mediations and representations in a manner that seem to call for intermedial reflections. Based in a series of examples from designers, artists and filmmakers, I will talk about the complexities of immersive media, and how intermedial perspectives can be part of a critical understanding of these media forms and their place in the contemporary media landscap
From international to national, from online to offline: The case study of one meme
Get PDFThe phenomenon of internet memes is familiar to most internet users. At the same time, there is an evident dominance of English production – those who want to see the latest memes must follow social networks in English. Nevertheless, does the Czech cultural environment adopt and adapt resources from transcultural discourse? What are the expectations of the Czech recipient/ audiences and from which discursive conventions, genres and patterns do they stem? I will try to demonstrate this with the case of the “Any doctor here?” meme, which came into Czech discourse first through simple translations and variations until a version was created that changed the overall point of the meme. The meme was not just another adaptation of the original media product but a separate pattern around which its own “field” of memes was created, in which other situations and people were linked, and even, according to the Czech representation of Dr Oetker company, there was a surge of interest in the molehill cake.
I am particularly interested in this double shift from the perspective of intermedial and multimodal studies. Firstly, from an international context through the combination of the picture meme and viral amateur video transposition into a national context, and secondly, the media shift from the picture meme to a range of media products, from a commonly used phraseme in verbal communication, when speakers wanted to express their pleasure or joy at the information conveyed, to guerrilla performances where customers wrote a quote from the meme on price tags in supermarkets, to the use of elements of the meme in the marketing communications of various companies
Preserving image heritage and affective memories: Digitalizing dwellings of a Brazilian community
Get PDFA photo monocle collection, kept at the bottom of a dusty drawer of a dweller of the Aglomerado da Serra[1], mesmerized artist Guilherme Cunha back in 2015. The rescue of the negative photo archives from photographers João Mendes and Afonso Pimenta, who live and work in that urban non-planned settlement, triggered Cunha’s curation for the project Retratista do Morro. With a Yashica Mat and a Kadak Instamatic, Mendes and Pimenta have registered photos for documents, portraits for school graduation, weddings, carnival, and even dead people. This kind of iconography may seem unconventional for museum curators, but they indeed transmediate an universe that the average Brazilian identifies with, as a sort of collective memory imaginary.
In times of smartphone selfies, what has the project Retratistas do Morro to do with the theme of this conference? To start with, the processes involved in the rescue and reproduction of the negatives which has used innovative digital methodology. Created by the team led by Cunha, the methodology of modular system, storage and distribution aims at dealing with image hypercomplexity in a way that it is neither only about the image nor only about memory, but about another symbolic entity coined as “imagememory” by the team. Besides, there has been unpredicted transmediation unfoldings of the project, such as a freestyle rap battle. For this talk, I will present how the “imagememory” digitalization methodology enabled the preservation of affective memories with focus on the photos which depict people in their non-planned dwellings at Aglomerado da Serra.
[1] The largest slum in Belo Horizonte, capital city of state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, Aglomerado da Serra emerged in the end of the 19th century
Shakespeare’s The Tempest and beyond
Get PDFTo reflect on the role of the technical conditions of production and reception of artistic and literary works in the process of building meaning, and taking into consideration the transformations that have been occurring in social and cultural practices as well as in the forms of artistic and literary production, this text aims at approaching the relations between media and current cultural practices, highlighting the techniques used in the 16th and 17th Centuries and the appropriation and subversion of these techniques in the present.
To do so, I will use examples related to William Shakespeare’s The Tempest, departing from the text of the play and its possible origins to the current performances in art galleries – in the form of installations, paintings, sculptures, and others -- on stages, on social media and on cinema, computers, and other screens. Considering the choices and operational procedures of the author(s) and the context of creation, we arrive at an understanding of the meaning of the product that is not always directly and visibly manifested in the materiality of the work
The Emergence of ‘Cinematic Games’: An Intermedia Archaeology of Lens-Based Game Design
Get PDFThe paper introduces the research project Playing with Cinema: An Intermedia Archaeology of Cinematic Games (Swedish Research Council, 2024-2026), zooming in on the conditions for the emergence of “cinematic games” as a concept between the mid-1980s and mid-1990s.
The influence of cinema on video games has been a matter of academic controversy, dating back to the “ludology vs. narratology” debates from which Game Studies sprung. What both camps have had in common is an unfortunate neglect of the rich and nuanced discussions on these matters, articulated within in game culture itself, predating Game Studies by decades.
Based on targeted searches in archives of more than 30,000 digitised game magazines (1970s–2010s), and subsequent cinematoludic analyses of eight cases thereby revealed to be of historical significance, the paper will make the following propositions:
* As Jürgen E. Müller (2010) has suggested, “the greatest potential for intermediality studies can be found in the historical dimension: in an intermedia archaeology of media within the networks of cultural and technological series”. In effect, the cinematicity of games must be understood culturally and technologically, through the historical study of how, and on what conditions, game culture’s own discourses conceived of games as being “cinematic”.
* This starting point guides us towards a very different set of potential cases (thus far largely neglected by scholars but of crucial historical importance), the analysis of which may even force us to rethink some of the fundamental theoretical propositions in existing scholarship.
* One such challenge concerns the misconception of cinema and video games as belonging to two separate ontological categories, with film understood as the indexical capture of physical reality and games as pure simulation (see Girina 2015; Froehlich 2023). Not only do standard uses of photogrammetry and performance capture in contemporary game design blur such postulated boundaries. Intermedia archaeology highlights how the emergence of “cinematic games” as a conceptual category was always already conditioned by the use of actual lens-based technologies for the sake of merging old physical reality with those new digital worlds
Konstvetenskaplig forskning över lärosätesgränserna - eller tvärvetenskaplig forskning inom dem
Get PDFDetta position paper rör inte ett specifikt förslag för en gemensam forskningsfråga eller ett projekt, utan reflekterar istället över en situation som en del av oss disputerade befinner oss i, samt avser att peka ut några konsekvenser för forskningen med anledning av det: Vi är ett antal konstvetare idag som är anställda vid universitet / högskolor vilka antingen har väldigt små konstvetenskaplig miljöer, varvid forskningssammanhangen och de högre seminarierna, kanske även doktorandantagning, är helt avhängiga att vi hittar tvärvetenskapliga samarbeten inom lärosätet; eller är vi anställda vid sådana institutioner som faller utanför det inarbetade konstvetenskapliga nätverket, såsom de konstnärliga högskolorna och andra miljöer som idag anställer konstvetare men som inte bedriver undervisning på grund/avancerad/forskarnivå motsvarande ”vanlig” konstvetenskap (tex Konstfack, Malmö högskola eller Estetiska ämnen vid UmU). Det kan tyckas att vi konstvetare väl ändå har kontakt då kollegiet i Sverige är relativt litet, liksom det kan tyckas att det i grunden är positivt med den tvärvetenskapliga miljön. Vilket stämmer, men det finns också följder av att vi sprids åt andra håll än till de ”rena” konstvetenskapliga miljöerna (och här räknar jag in konstmuseerna)
Quality Assurance of Application of AI and Machine Learning on Art and Cultural Heritage – Opportunities and Challenges for Future Art History
Get PDFAI advancements enable new art-historical research tools, like OpenAI’s GPT-4 image-to-text function. Emerging cross-modal translation models can link texts, images, and more. Quality assurance in digitising art sources and training AI models is crucial. Concerns include source origin, content curation, presupposed image models, and potential cultural bias. It is essential for art historians to influence digitisation and AI data processes to ensure quality research when using AI-based tools
Among witches and dragons: Young students creating fairy tales with digital tools
Get PDFThe increasing prevalence of digital tools, such as tablets, in the early years of schooling underscores the need for teachers to find ways of integrating such tools to leverage students’ capabilities in meaningful participation and learning activities (cf Beam & Williams 2015). The study focuses on the potential of digital tools in promoting learning and interaction, specifically in text creation during early school years (pre-school and early primary school). Based on data from two small-scale studies involving students creating fairy tales in groups using a digital application, we recorded video footage to facilitate a detailed analysis of students' multimodal interaction (speech, gestures, gazes, bodily actions). The research questions guiding the study are i) how do the students position themselves and each other during the activities?, ii) what literacy skills emerge during the activities?
The study draws on social semiotics (Halliday 1978, Kress 2010) and interaction theory (e.g., Goodwin 2018). We investigated how the students interacted with each other and the available resources (e.g., the digital tablet) and to what extent they engaged in basic reading and writing skills and showed knowledge about the fairy tale as a genre. The students’ multimodal interaction was analysed using tools from Goodwin’s interaction theory (e.g., Goodwin 2018) while student texts were analysed through systemic-functional grammar (Halliday & Matthiessen, 2014).
Preliminary results indicate that i) students positioned themselves through bodily action related to the tablet and to each other, but also through words, ii) basic reading and writing skills enabled power in relation to one’s peers and the task, iii) in preschool class, the keyboard appears to promote writing, and iv) the pupils reveal basic knowledge about different traits of fairy tales
Motivation and writing in higher education among multilingual students: A scoping review
Get PDFMotivation is needed to develop advanced language use; however, its relation to academic writing in higher education (HE) among multilinguals is not clear. This Scoping Review aims at elucidating how research has been conducted in this understudied field. Our research questions are: 1) Which are the main theoretical models within the motivational research area that have been applied to understand writing among multilingual students in HE? 2) Which methodological approaches have been implemented? 3) What are these studies’ main results? Our search will allow us to detect knowledge gaps, clarify concepts and investigate the main methodological trends*.
Rationale: The obtainment of good results in HE is highly dependent on the mastery of advanced levels of literacy. Furthermore, writing in HE has proven to be challenging for several reasons, such as unfamiliarity with the academic discourse. Among multilinguals whose L1 is not the majority language, a lack of knowledge of academic writing conventions has been observed**. Strikingly, and in spite of increasing numbers of multilingual students in Swedish HE, the question on how they navigate the demands of academic writing remains unanswered. To account for the theoretical definitions applied in motivation research, our search strings include instrumental/ integrative motivation, the L2 motivational self system (L2MSS)*** and self-determination theory. Our search has been conducted in several databases. Identified publications have undergone duplicate removal, abstract screening, and application of inclusion/exclusion criteria following Prisma's (2018) guidelines for systematic reviews/scoping reviews. The studies have been coded, screened and analyzed jointly by the researchers to increase validity. Preliminary results indicate that the main theoretical strands are inspired by the L2MSS and that quantitative approaches prevail. Interdisciplinary methodologies that consider the multilinguals’ conditions seem to be scarce