2564 research outputs found
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The perceptions and experiences of health and health seeking behaviour for the community living in the slum areas of Kamrangirchar and Hazaribag, Dhaka, Bangladesh: a qualitative study
No full textResearch ProtocolObjectives\ud
This study aims to provide a better understanding of community perceptions toward health and health services in order to inform programme strategies:\ud
• Describe community and local-level perspectives and opinions on health care provision;\ud
• Document gaps, barriers and influences that impact access and acceptance of health care;\ud
• Contribute to best practice and development of health policy for this populatio
Prevalence of depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress related symptoms in the Kashmir Valley – a cross sectional study, 2015.
No full textResearch ProtocolObjectives\ud
1.5 Primary objective\ud
To estimate prevalence of mental health related problems, specifically depression/anxiety and posttraumatic stress symptoms in the Kashmir Valley and to determine the accessibility to mental health services.\ud
1.6 Specific objectives\ud
• Using validated screening tools determine the percentage of people with depression, anxiety and PTSD symptoms in Kashmir;\ud
• To correlate scores obtained on validated mental health screening tools with individual psychiatric evaluations using the mini international neuropsychiatric interview (MINI);\ud
• To explore local knowledge and perceptions of mental illness in Kashmir;\ud
• To determine the level of access to mental heath services across Kashmir;\ud
• To identify mental health service needs perceived by the Kashmiri community.\ud
1.7 Goal\ud
To provide an updated insight into current mental health needs in Kashmir, which will help MSF to increase relevance and impact of current activities in Kashmir and to advocate for supportive programming and policy review
Determination of the most accurate diagnostic approach for the diagnosis of human brucellosis in Lankien, South-Sudan
No full textResearch Protocol3. Objectives\ud
3.1 Primary objective\ud
To estimate the diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predicative values and likelihood ratios) of the modified RBT method and the rapid diagnostic test developed by the KIT tests performed (if commercially available) at Institute for Tropical Health (ITH), the University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain for the diagnosis of brucellosis. \ud
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Specimens collected in an endemic region (South Sudan) will be used and characterized at the ITH at the University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain with undiluted RBT, SAT, Coombs test, Brucellacapt and when necessary an indirect ELISA used as the reference tests. \ud
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3.2 Secondary objectives\ud
• To assess the diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predicative values and likelihood ratios) of the Rose Bengal test (Spinreact, Spain) at the study site.\ud
• To assess inter-user agreement of the RB test performed on site and at ITH.\ud
• To optimize the buffer used in the RBT using characterized sera available at ITH and evaluate the diagnostic performance of the modified method with serum dilution using specimens collected in this study. To date the buffer conditions are those used for diagnosis in cattle and they have not been optimized for diagnosis in humans. In fact, the conditions used in the Brucellacapt (i.e. a special buffer at pH 5.0) also render all antibodies agglutinating. Therefore, some simple modifications of the RBT conditions (i.e. pH and ionic strength) may improve the performance of RBT and produce a similarly simple but better test. \ud
• To estimate the diagnostic performance of an ‘in-house’ latex-agglutination test against Brucella-specific cytosoluble proteins. \ud
• To describe the clinical characteristics of brucellosis suspects and confirmed cases\ud
• To assess/identify risk factors for brucellosis in the study populatio
The initial effectiveness of liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) and miltefosine combination for treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in HIV co-infected patients in Ethiopia: A retrospective cohort study
No full textNorth-west Ethiopia faces the highest burden world-wide of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and HIV co-infection. VL-HIV co-infected patients have higher (initial) parasitological failure and relapse rates than HIV-negative VL patients. Whereas secondary prophylaxis reduces the relapse rate, parasitological failure rates remain high with the available antileishmanial drugs, especially when administered as monotherapy. We aimed to determine the initial effectiveness (parasitologically-confirmed cure) of a combination of liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) and miltefosine for treatment of VL in HIV co-infected patients
Are village health volunteers as good as basic health staffs in providing malaria care? A country wide analysis from Myanmar, 2015
No full textMalaria is one of the major public health problems in Myanmar. Village health volunteers (VHV) are the key malaria diagnosis and treatment service provider at community level in addition to basic health staffs (BHS). This countrywide analysis aimed to assess and compare the accessibility to- and quality of malaria care (treatment initiation, treatment within 24 h and complete treatment delivery) between VHV and BHS in Myanmar
Building the capacity of public health programmes to become data rich, information rich and action rich
No full textGood quality, timely data are the cornerstone of health systems, but in many countries these data are not used for evidence-informed decision making and/or for improving public health. The SORT IT (Structured Operational Research and Training Initiative) model has, over 8 years, trained health workers in low- and middle-income countries to use data to answer important public health questions by taking research projects through to completion and publication in national or international journals. The D2P (data to policy) training initiative is relatively new, and it teaches health workers how to apply 'decision analysis' and develop policy briefs for policy makers: this includes description of a problem and the available evidence, quantitative comparisons of policy options that take into account predicted health and economic impacts, and political and feasibility assessments. Policies adopted from evidence-based information generated through the SORT IT and D2P approaches can be evaluated to assess their impact, and the cycle repeated to identify and resolve new public health problems. Ministries of Health could benefit from this twin-training approach to make themselves 'data rich, information rich and action rich', and thereby use routinely collected data in a synergistic manner to improve public health policy making and health care delivery
"Reality rarely looks like the guidelines": a qualitative study of the challenges hospital-based physicians encounter in war wound management
No full textGlobally, armed conflict is a major contributor to mortality and morbidity. The treatment of war-associated injuries is largely experience-based. Evidence is weak due to difficulty in conducting medical research in war settings. A qualitative method could provide insight into the specific challenges associated with providing health care to injured civilians. The aim of this study was to explore the challenges hospital-based physicians encounter in war wound management, focusing on surgical intervention and antibiotic use
