2564 research outputs found
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Improving rotavirus vaccine coverage: Can newer-generation and locally produced vaccines help?
No full textThere are two internationally available WHO-prequalified oral rotavirus vaccines (Rotarix and RotaTeq), two rotavirus vaccines licensed in India (Rotavac and Rotasiil), one in China (Lanzhou lamb rotavirus vaccine) and one in Vietnam (Rotavin-M1), and several candidates in development. Rotavirus vaccination has been rolled out in Latin American countries and is beginning to be deployed in sub-Saharan African countries but middle- and low-income Asian countries have lagged behind in rotavirus vaccine introduction. We provide a mini-review of the leading newer-generation rotavirus vaccines and compare them with Rotarix and RotaTeq. We discuss how the development and future availability of newer-generation rotavirus vaccines that address the programmatic needs of poorer countries may help scale-up rotavirus vaccination where it is needed
Migrants caught between tides and politics in the Mediterranean: an imperative for search and rescue at sea?
No full textA Two-Phase Approach for the Identification of Refugees with Priority Need for Mental Health Care in Lebanon: A Validation Study
No full textTime and resource efficient mental disorder screening mechanisms are not available to identify the growing number of refugees and other forcibly displaced persons in priority need for mental health care. The aim of this study was to identify efficient screening instruments and mechanisms for the detection of moderate and severe mental disorders in a refugee setting
Research Protocol - Factors Related to Fetal Death in Pregnant Women with Cholera, Haiti, 2011–2014
No full textWe assessed risk factors for fetal death during cholera infection and effect of treatment changes on these deaths. Third trimester gestation, younger maternal age, severe dehydration, and vomiting were risk factors. Changes in treatment had limited effects on fetal death, highlighting the need for prevention and evidence-based treatment
Transcriptomic Signatures Differentiate Survival from Fatal Outcomes in Humans Infected with Ebola Virus
No full textIn 2014, Western Africa experienced an unanticipated explosion of Ebola virus infections. What distinguishes fatal from non-fatal outcomes remains largely unknown, yet is key to optimising personalised treatment strategies. We used transcriptome data for peripheral blood taken from infected and convalescent recovering patients to identify early stage host factors that are associated with acute illness and those that differentiate patient survival from fatality
Evaluation of a Chest Radiograph Reading and Recording System for Tuberculosis in a HIV-Positive Cohort
No full textTo assess the impact of introducing a chest radiograph reading and recording system (CRRS) with a short training session, on the accuracy and inter-reader variability of tuberculosis (TB) interpretation of chest radiographs (CXRs) by a group of non-expert readers in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive cohort
Forensic Investigation Into a Death: Post-Traumatic Amnesia in a Worker with a Work-Related Head Injury Sustained in a Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plant in India
No full textThis is the first reported case of a work-related head injury in a coal-fired thermal power plant in India. This case highlights the trend of not reporting work injuries due to fears of reprisal from the management team that may include the termination of employment. Post-traumatic amnesia in a worker presenting with head trauma must be recognised by coworkers, so the cause of injury can be elicited early and the victim gets timely medical help. There are few published studies on work-related traumatic brain injury, and they provide no information on either anatomical localisation or signs and symptoms. It is imperative that this under-researched area is studied, so detailed epidemiology and accurate national and global statistics are made available to address this dangerous yet preventable condition
Using Simulation to Aid Trial Design: Ring-Vaccination Trials.
No full textThe 2014-6 West African Ebola epidemic highlights the need for rigorous, rapid clinical trial methods for vaccines. A challenge for trial design is making sample size calculations based on incidence within the trial, total vaccine effect, and intracluster correlation, when these parameters are uncertain in the presence of indirect effects of vaccination
Reply from the Authors of Eligibility for the Shorter MDR-TB Regimen: Ambiguities in the WHO Recommendations
No full textWe regret that this article is behind a paywall