PTE Journals (University of Pécs)
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PRE-SEASON
Get PDFCoach Džikić and Coach Mihajlović reviewed their experienc-es during Hapoel’s previous two preseasons in Jerusalem. Coaches’ primary job is to maximize players’ strengths or abilities and hide their weaknesses. As head coach I want to surround myself with people who are sharing my beliefs and ambition. Team chemistry is the sum of your private interest that you are ready to give up in order the team to achieve it’s goals
A személyes adatok forgalomképessége: párhuzam a személyes adatok helyzete, illetve a sejtek és szövetek jogi szabályozása között
Get PDFSocial and technological changes are generating vast and growing amounts of personal and health data. Market and public actors have also recognised the importance of this data and its enormous potential, thus the need to use it is growing. In connection with the use of personal and health data, it is essential to examine the legal nature and marketability of personal data, as this is a fundamental factor in determining whether and what type of contract it can be the subject of. The legal nature and marketability of personal data should be considered in parallel with the regulation of human cells and tissues, since cells and tissues of the human body, such as gametes in humans and embryos in the human womb, are undoubtedly considered to be part of the human body and human beings, and therefore enjoy a certain degree of human dignity. The protection of personal data also derives from the right to informational self-determination derived from human dignity. Because of their derivability from the same fundamental right, it is worth examining and looking for links between the rules on the marketability of cells and personal data. At the same time, the use of cells and tissues is not generally prohibited, but the legislator has set a framework that strikes a balance between the interests of the donor and the recipient.A társadalmi és technikai változásoknak köszönhetően hatalmas és egyre növekvő mennyiségben keletkeznek személyes és egészségügyi adatok. Felismerték a piaci és állami szereplők is ennek jelentőségét, az adatokban rejlő hatalmas potenciált, így egyre nagyobb az igény az adatok felhasználására. A személyes és egészségügyi adatok felhasználása kapcsán megkerülhetetlen a személyes adat jogi természetének, forgalomképességének vizsgálata, hiszen alapjaiban determinálja, hogy lehet-e, illetve milyen típusú szerződés tárgyává tenni.
A személyes adatok jogi természetét, illetve forgalomképességét érdemes az emberi sejtek és szövetekre vonatkozó szabályozással párhuzamosan vizsgálni, hiszen az emberi test sejtei és szövetei - így az emberben lévő ivarsejtek és az emberi méhben lévő embriók - kétségkívül az ember alkotórészének, illetve emberi lénynek tekintendők, ezáltal kiterjed rájuk az embert megillető emberi méltóság bizonyos szintig. A személyes adatok védelme is az emberi méltóságból levezethető információs önrendelkezési jogból származik. Az azonos alapvető jogból való levezethetőségük miatt érdemes megvizsgálni, kapcsolódási pontokat keresni a sejtek és a személyes adatok forgalomképességére vonatkozó szabályok között. Ugyanakkor a sejtek és szövetek felhasználása sem általában tilalmazott, hanem a jogalkotó olyan keretek közé szorította, ami egyensúly kialakítását szolgálja az adományozó és recipiens érdekei között
A turisztikai tematikus utak jelentősége és ismertsége Magyarországon
Get PDFThis study examines the role and awareness of thematic routes in domestic tourism, with particular attention to their implications for rural development and sustainability. The research is based on a 2024 questionnaire survey conducted by the Institute of Marketing and Tourism at the Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Pécs. The survey involved a nationally representative sample of 1,000 respondents from the Hungarian population, stratified by gender and age group, and aimed to map attitudes, perceptions, and knowledge related to thematic routes in Hungary. Two hypotheses were formulated for the study: (H1) the level of awareness of thematic routes is high, accompanied by strong public interest; and (H2) the degree of interest increases with higher levels of education. The results indicate that pilgrimage routes and wine routes enjoy outstanding recognition, whereas greenways and European Cultural Routes are less well known. More than 90% of respondents expressed support for the creation of new thematic routes, underlining the developmental potential inherent in such initiatives. The findings highlight that thematic routes not only contribute to the diversification of the tourism offer and the mitigation of seasonality but also play a significant role in stimulating local economies and strengthening community identity. Thematic routes can thus serve as key elements of sustainable rural tourism and the economic empowerment of local communities. However, their effective operation requires the establishment of a unified quality assurance and support system, along with the adoption of innovative, community-based management and marketing practices.Jelen tanulmány a tematikus utak hazai turizmusban betöltött szerepét és ismertségét vizsgálja, különös tekintettel azok vidékfejlesztési és fenntarthatósági vonatkozásaira. A kutatás a Pécsi Tudományegyetem Közgazdaságtudományi Kar Marketing és Turizmus Intézetének 2024-ben végzett, 1000 fős, a hazai lakosságra nemek és életkori csoportok szerintreprezentatívnak tekinthető kérdőíves felmérésére épül, amely a magyar lakosság tematikus utakhoz való viszonyát, attitűdjeit és ismereteit térképezte fel. A vizsgálat során két hipotézist fogalmaztunk meg: (H1) a tematikus utak ismertsége magas, irántuk pedig erős érdeklődés mutatkozik, illetve (H2) az érdeklődés mértéke az iskolai végzettséggel együtt növekszik. Az eredmények alapján elmondható, hogy a zarándok- és borutak kiemelkedő ismertséggel rendelkeznek, míg a zöldutak és az Európai Kulturális Útvonalak ismertsége alább marad. A válaszadók több, mint 90%-a támogatóan viszonyul új tematikus útvonalak létrehozásához, ami az ezen útvonalakban rejlő fejlesztési potenciált erősíti. A kutatás rávilágít arra, hogy a tematikus utak nem csupán a turisztikai kínálat diverzifikálását és a szezonalitás mérséklését szolgálják, hanem jelentős szerepet töltenek be a helyi gazdaság élénkítésében és a közösségi identitás erősítésében is. A tematikus utak a fenntartható vidéki turizmus és a helyi közösségek gazdasági megerősítésének kulcselemei lehetnek, ugyanakkor működésükhöz szükséges az egységes minősítési és támogatási rendszer kialakítása, valamint az innovatív, közösségalapú menedzsment és marketinggyakorlatok alkalmazása
Szerelem vagy Babaváró? : Házasságkötési láz a koronavírus idején
Get PDFLove or Loan? Marriage Boom in Pandemic Hungary
“It is more likely that a person will give up their ideas about getting married than give up on someone who holds opposing views or is unable to get married for other (religious, legal) reasons.” This is how one respondent to my first Marriage Questionnaire in 2020 explained their rather unusual views on the motivations for marriage. Reversing the quoted thoughts, based on the results of my marriage research in pandemic Hungary I also saw that not only those who wanted to get married, but also those who had previously opposed marriage, those who had previously been “unable” to marry, often changed their opposing views and got married during the pandemic. They did so at a time when organizing weddings became particularly difficult and uncertain due to pandemic restrictions and tightened regulations. While marriage rates fell significantly in most countries around the world during the pandemic, in Hungary, despite the difficulties, the number of marriages not only did not decline, but increased. What could be behind this demographic phenomenon – loan, love, a new renaissance of the institution of marriage? In my paper, I will seek to answer this question by examining public and political narratives, everyday discourse, and personal experiences during the pandemic based on the results of my digital anthropological research (online questionnaires, digital ethnography, and in-depth interviews) that began in 2019
Magyarország asszimilációs politikája a kultúra és az oktatás területén a Horthy-korszakban
Get PDFThe issue of developing the institutional system of public education significantly determined the area of Hungarian cultural policy in the period following the First World War. As a result of the territorial losses, the reorganisation of the public education system became necessary from an administrative position. Kunó Klebelsberg’s institutional development certainly has to be appreciated but it must be added that establishing cultural supremacy as a cultural policy goal is more debatable, since it proclaimed the superiority of the Hungarian nation over both the surrounding peoples and the minorities living in the country, towards whom the assimilation policy could be manifested. During Bálint Hóman’s ministership, the emphasis was placed even more strongly on national education, which brought to the fore the need for state supervision. The supervision of the teachers was performed by school district directors, who played an important role in the centralisation of education and also the implementation of the “Jewish Laws” regarding schools. According to the practice in Baranya County, it can be concluded that the educational authorities of Baranya tried to act fairly in the given circumstances, and sometimes they were satisfied with less evidence of the teacher’s origin. This procedure applies to the authorities of Baranya County, especially the in the field of education among them, since the research of local practice focused on this area based on archival documents. The Hungarian-German cultural convention of 1936 provided a framework for the expansion of cultural policy. Hungarian authors such as Hóman, Paikert and Willer published their thoughts in German on the relationship between the two countries, on common roots, on forms of cultural cooperation and on the issues of national education and minority and assimilation policy. Hungarian writers also emphasized the importance and benefits of the bond with Germany. As the writings on cultural policy and their publication in German showed, the assimilation policy was also manifested towards the nationalities that remained in the country after Trianon. Practical examples illustrate the central education policy through the work of Ferenc Balázs, rapporteur of minority education, who served directly under the administration of the Ministry of Religion and Education between 1938 and 1944. Due to the situation of the schools he reviewed, the local development of nationalities’ education and the difficulties of implementation, especially with regard to the so-called unified education system and then the full native language education, can be more comprehensively understood
Social Justice in the Operation of the Medieval Crusader Knights’ Orders : On the Activities of the Polish Knights’ Orders
Get PDFThe charitable activities initiated by the monastic orders were continued by the some knights’ orders from the 11th century onwards, whose aim was to care for the sick and the poor. These were the hospitaller crusaders, whose roots grew out of the organization of hospitaller brotherhoods. Most of these formations reached Central and Eastern Europe, including Hungary and Poland. These special legal institutions represented divine justice in the conditions of the time: they protected the weak, spread the faith, and the hospitaller crusader orders performed an additional important, ‘public benefit’ task by caring for the sick in an era when institutionalized state frameworks for this activity did not yet exist. The aim of the paper is to – following in the footsteps of another study previously published in Díké, like a second part of it – present the functioning of such brotherhoods and knights’ orders in Poland in the 12th and 13th centuries, and to examine at what levels of activity these legal institutions can be seen to be engaged in social justice
Ius Patrium and Roman Law in Hungary
Get PDFThe development of Hungarian law has many links with European legal culture. Primary among these is Hungary’s adherence to Western Christianity from the time of the foundation of the Hungarian state and the influence of the Roman legal tradition in shaping legal culture, both directly and indirectly through canon law. In this paper – as a summary of my previous works on this topic – I will show in which phase of the development of Hungarian law between the 11th and the 20th century the Roman legal tradition influenced the development of Hungarian law, how this influence manifested itself, who were the mediators of this influence, to which scientific trend they belonged and to what extent Roman law shaped Hungarian legal thought.The development of Hungarian law has many links with European legal culture. Primary among these is Hungary’s adherence to Western Christianity from the time of the foundation of the Hungarian state and the influence of the Roman legal tradition in shaping legal culture, both directly and indirectly through canon law. In this paper – as a summary of my previous works on this topic – I will show in which phase of the development of Hungarian law between the 11th and the 20th century the Roman legal tradition influenced the development of Hungarian law, how this influence manifested itself, who were the mediators of this influence, to which scientific trend they belonged and to what extent Roman law shaped Hungarian legal thought
Igazságosság, természetjog, új emancipáció : A zsidó kisebbségi jogok Junger József (1911–1945) értelmezésében
Get PDFThe draft of Act IV of 1939 on the public and economic restrictions of Jews declared Jews in Hungary an ethnic group for the purpose of public legal segregation. This provision was eventually removed from the text of the law. In the period of anti-Semitic legislation that dismantled the achievements of denominational emancipation of the liberal era, one of the efforts of Jewish communities was to develop survival strategies. The theorists of the Zionist movement, who were inherently critical of the processes of liberal emancipation and assimilation, proclaimed the necessity of a new emancipation based on an ethnic minority status in the shadow of the draft of Act IV. of 1939. The articles of József Junger, lawyer and vice-president of the Hungarian Zionist Federation, published in this period were primarily aimed at the legal and theoretical foundation of this new emancipation based on the ethnic minority status. József Junger believed that a new emancipation of Jews based on ethnic ground could be legitimized on the basis of the principles of justice and natural law
The Principle and Limits of the Protection of Life in Rabbinic Jurisprudence and Practice
Get PDFThis paper examines the interpretative framework within the principle of the protection of life in Jewish law since the Maccabean wars, has been put into practice. The principle, which covered not only the imminent danger to one’s life but also the protection of health, provides insights into the internal hierarchical order of the commandments, the relationship between the written Torah and the oral Torah, the relationship of Jesus to the oral Doctrine, and the factors that shaped Jewish tradition in Jesus’ era and in the centuries leading up to the compilation of the Talmud.This paper examines the interpretative framework within the principle of the protection of life in Jewish law since the Maccabean wars, has been put into practice. The principle, which covered not only the imminent danger to one’s life but also the protection of health, provides insights into the internal hierarchical order of the commandments, the relationship between the written Torah and the oral Torah, the relationship of Jesus to the oral Doctrine, and the factors that shaped Jewish tradition in Jesus’ era and in the centuries leading up to the compilation of the Talmud
Représentations de la migration dans le roman graphique Madgermanes
No full textBirgit Weyhe’s Madgermanes (2016) is a graphic novel depicting the experiences of Mozambican contract workers in East Germany between 1979 and 1990. Through the intertwined stories of José, Basilio, and Anabella, Weyhe explores migration, acculturation, racism, and the search for belonging across socialist and post-socialist contexts. Blending documentary realism with expressive visuals, the novel portrays both the promises and disillusionments of “brotherly” socialist cooperation. Madgermanes stands as an Afropolitan narrative that bridges African and European perspectives, highlighting hybridity, cultural displacement, and the problem of identity in a globalized, postcolonial world.
Birgit Weyhe’s Madgermanes (2016) is a graphic novel depicting the experiences of Mozambican contract workers in East Germany between 1979 and 1990. Through the intertwined stories of José, Basilio, and Anabella, Weyhe explores migration, acculturation, racism, and the search for belonging across socialist and post-socialist contexts. Blending documentary realism with expressive visuals, the novel portrays both the promises and disillusionments of “brotherly” socialist cooperation. Madgermanes stands as an Afropolitan narrative that bridges African and European perspectives, highlighting hybridity, cultural displacement, and the problem of identity in a globalized, postcolonial world