Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences (ISSN 1997-8553)
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Antecedents of Sellers Relationship Building Efforts in Relationship Marketing: A Case of the Telecom Sector of Pakistan
Get PDFThis research paper attempts to address the issue related to the importance and effectiveness of relationship building efforts made by a seller that are aimed at both acquiring new and retaining existing consumers. The relative importance of different kind of relationship marketing programs is analyzed to arrive at an understanding that what affects consumer’s perception of a firm’s relationship marketing investment the most.
This research is conducted by using quantitative, structured self administrative questionnaire through survey technique. Sample selection was based on the probability systematic sampling technique. Data has been analyzed by using AHP, correlation and SEM.
AHP and regression analysis through SEM suggest that social relationship marketing programs are most valued by the consumers in highly competitive telecom sector of Pakistan. Social relationship marketing programs develop positive perception about the relationship building efforts of the sellers by increasing effectiveness of perceived relationship marketing investment. This is a cross sectional study and is confined to telecom sector of Pakistan only so it’s a time bond research and the results can’t be generalized to the whole service sector. This article aims to focus on the interpersonal nature of human interaction. This implies that human bonds, when created can also serve to strength the relationships between the organizations and the human customers. This also verifies the already established understanding that humans tend to capitalize on their social lives both in personal and business oriented settings. This papers aims to bridge the gap between the marketing strategies implemented and their appropriateness with the respective target customer segments. This paper also incorporates some aspects of sociology and social sciences to explain why some strategies may help marketers to get closer to consumers and are more valuable for their customers. This research is conducted in highly competitive telecom sector of Pakistan where research on the effectiveness of sellers’ relationship building efforts is scarce. So this research highlights the most effective relationship marketing programs in telecom sector of Pakistan to build and maintain the relationship with the consumers. It will further guide the sellers to reduce investment on those marketing strategies which don’t pay off adequate benefits
The Darker Side of High Performance Work Systems: Examining Employee Psychological Outcomes and Counterproductive Work Behavior.
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of the employee perception about high performance work systems (HPWS) on employee psychological outcomes and further their impact on counterproductive work behavior. After reviewing the literature on rhetoric versus reality of HPWS, the potential “dark side” of HPWS authors suggested that HPWS, aimed at creating a competitive advantage for organizations, do so at the expense of workers, thus resulting in negative consequences for individual employees. This paper analyzes these relationships using a total sample of 287 from firms operating in Pakistan. Findings revealed that employee perception about HPWS are positively associated with employee psychological outcomes (anxiety, job burnout, role overload) which further results in a negative behavior of the employees at workplace. One of the main limitations of this paper is the cross-sectional design of the empirical research and the fact that data were collected from managerial staff only. Findings may guide managers’ efforts in the development of learning programs which foster both individual and organizational performance. Finally, the paper provided empirical evidence of the proposed relationships in Pakistan
The Administration of Abbasids Caliphate: A Fateful Change in the Muslim History
Get PDFThe period of Abbasids was started in 750 A.D after the fall of Ummayads. Abu al Abbas alsafah was the first abbasi caliph. The period of Haroon Rasheed and Mamoon Rasheed was considered the golden period of Abbasids. In this period Abbasi caliphate contributed a lot for education, science, literature and fine arts. In this era many inventions were made. In short, it can be concluded that it was a golden era of Abbasids, which brought a fateful change in the Muslim History
Empirical Inspection of Broadband Growth Nexus: A Fixed Effect with Driscoll and Kraay Standard Errors Approach
Get PDFBroadband has become an integral part of digital infrastructure of countries around the globe even in developing regions. Accordingly, this paper investigates the broadband growth nexus for 24 Asian countries for period 2001-2011. Using fixed effects with Driscoll and Kraay standard errors, the effect of broadband on economic growth is found positive. Recommendations include the policy step to bring the skills of human capital in these countries at par with developed countries that have benefitted substantially from broadband technology
Impact of Governance on Human Development
Get PDFThe governance has become a key issue over preceding two decades and it is very important component for good economic growth and human development. If countries want batter growth and human development then good reforms of governance is needed. The main objective of this study is to determine those significant governance indicators that effect the human development. Human development index (HDI) of different countries is taken as dependent variable and six indicators developed by Kaufmann, et al. (1999) to measure the governance named; Political Stability (PS), Voice and Accountability (VA), Regulatory Quality (RQ), Government Effectiveness (GE), Rule of Law (RL) and Control of Corruption (CC) are used as independent variables. Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and Multiple Regression (Stepwise) are used to fulfill the objective. Further predictive ability of the Multiple Regression and MLP is compared. Evidence is provided that Government Effectiveness, Political Stability, Control of Corruption, and Regulatory Quality have significant effect on human development. Further MLP is suggested the most reliable prediction model to predict the HDI
Enhancing Firm Financial Position by Reducing White Collar Crime through Financial Crime Control Remedies: a study of KP Hospitals
Get PDFThis study focuses on a sympathetic activation of a structure which encounters three factors namely; financial crime control remedy (FCCR), white-collar crime (WCC) and firm financial position (FFP). Questionnaires were distributed on cross-sectional basis among the staff members of 6 different private hospitals of Peshawar and Kohat cities of KP Pakistan. Structure equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the impact of predictors on response variable. The findings provided evidence on the dynamics of FCCR on controlling WCC which further leads to enhancement of FFP. The recommendation and future area of the research was also given in the study
The Mediating Effect of Job Satisfaction between Psychological Capital and Job Burnout of Pakistani Nurses
Get PDFLow-level of job satisfaction, psychological capital and high level of job burnout is very detrimental both for the organization and individual employee. A few studies have identified the factors influencing job burnout of nurses. The model developed in this study is unique and yet to be used. This study investigates the mediating effect of job satisfaction between psychological capital and job burnout of nurses in Pakistan. Data were collected from 219 female nurses working in government hospitals of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan through Psychological Capital Questionnaire. Questionnaire is based on a Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey and Job Satisfaction Survey. Correlation analysis explored a significant positive relationship between psychological capital and job satisfaction and a negative relationship between psychological capital and job burnout. A significant negative relationship between job satisfaction and job burnout was also confirmed. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a significant positive path from psychological capital to job satisfaction, and a negative path to job burnout. A significant negative path from job satisfaction to job burnout was also investigated. Furthermore, job satisfaction mediated the relationship between psychological capital and job burnout. The path from psychological capital to job burnout through job satisfaction was found significant. This study contributes to the previous reservoir of literature and explains the importance of the impact of psychological capital on job burnout
An Analysis of the Relationship between Social Capital and Occupational Stress in Banking Industry of Pakistan
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to analyze the relationships among social capital i.e. cognitive, structural and relational social capital and occupational stress in banking industry of Pakistan. Survey questionnaire technique was used to collect the data from employees of banking industry. Total response rate from employees of the bank was 55%. Multiple regression technique was used to test the hypothesis of the study. An inverse and significant relation was found between cognitive, structural and relational dimensions of social capital and occupational stress. This study is significant due to the insights it provides for the banking industry managers of Pakistan to better understand the occupational stressors inherent in the functions of their workforce. Furthermore, this study develops an understanding of the social capital and its relationship with occupational stress to enhance social capital among employees and help them in achieving organizational goals effectively
Comparison of Performance Appraisal System in Public and Private Schools
Get PDFPerformance appraisal is very basic and indispensable for evaluating job performance and setting job standards. In both private and public sector, performance appraisal system exists in some format or in the other. Current study examines current status performance appraisal system and compares the performance of public and private schools. It is found that standards of job performance are different. A 14 item questionnaire was prepared for evaluating job performance; it was piloted upon 40 teachers. Cronbach’s alpha value was found as 0.76 which is suitable for administration of research tool on full scale. Sample of the study included 100 Head Teachers. The results of the study show that performance appraisal system in private schools is more effective than that of government schools but classroom environment of government schools is better than private schools
Factors of Garnishing Across the Border Investments
Get PDFForeign Direct Investment is of immense importance for the developing economies of the world in achieving their growth targets. The aim of our study is to find out the factors which are responsible in attracting foreign direct investment. The data, on the variables chosen, is taken from the year 1972-2010. The results show relationship to FDI that justify the economic theories. Because of the stationarity of the data at 1st difference intercept in accordance to Augmented Dickey Fuller ADF test, Johansen Juselius test has been used for getting the desired results. The results show that all the variables except labor force participation have got a positive impact on FDI. There is a need of sincere efforts from the Government side to prepare the domestic soil in such a way that it should be found attractive for the foreign investors