Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences (ISSN 1997-8553)
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Factors Influencing Impulse Buying of Sports Team Merchandise in Developing Country: an Empirical Investigation
Get PDFImpulse buying is an immediate urge to make a purchase. Sports enthusiast tends to engage in impulse buying when it comes to sports team merchandise. The paper attempts to investigate what factors lead to impulse buying of sports team merchandise. AMOS was used to compute the variables for Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), using the data collected from 288 young sports enthusiasts belonging to the age bracket of 18-26. The results strongly support the claim that shopping enjoyment is not directly related to impulse buying but has pathways that lead to it. The research empirically shows that sports enthusiasts do indulge in impulse buying where money availability, in store display/marketing efforts and fan identification are promoting factors to shopping enjoyment and thus causing impulse buying
Role of Civil Society in Economic Transformation in Malaysia
Get PDFMalaysia is facing hurdles in knowledge economy transformation. To discover the knowledge based transformation solution, a quantitative, descriptive research design was used in which twenty nine economic performance determinant variables were tested for mediation with public/civil society. Two hundred and eighty two questionnaires were distributed to collect the data. The study validated the public/civil society mediation using regression analysis. Mediation was further validated using the Sobel Test. The study confirmed that the performance determinant variables have a strong and positive role in determining economy competitiveness. The results also confirm that strong civil society mediation is necessary; which is missing in Malaysia’s economy. It is therefore, concluded that for successful knowledge based transformation, role of civil society sector is vital. It is thus recommended that a strong civil society supported innovation should be the focus and tool for knowledge based economic transformation to strengthen the economic performance and competitiveness of Malaysia
Good Governance: Pakistan\u27s Economic Growth and Worldwide Governance Indicators
Get PDFIt is generally perceived that an Economy will experience rapid growth provided following Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) are in positive direction i.e. political instability is low, mechanisms for voice and accountability exists, control of corruption subsists and the rule of law prevails. The study aims at exploring relationship between aforementioned WGI indicators and economic growth (GDP) using estimates related to Pakistan, provided by World Bank. Moreover, researchers attempt to identify which of the WGI indicators under consideration contribute most towards economic growth. A quantitative research strategy has been adopted and statistical tools (Spearman’s rho correlation and regression) have been used to test the hypotheses that researchers developed using available literature. The study concludes that out of the four dimensions of good governance, political stability contributes highly towards economic growth
Impact of Institutional Forces and Availability of Slack on Corporate Environmental Behavior: Evidence from a Developing Country
Get PDFIn this study we evaluate the corporate environmental activities within the framework of institutional forces, availability of slack and ‘taking a developing country as the field of study. This paper integrates the institutional approach and slack resource theory to develop a model and then tests this model in a developing country context. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey from managers operating in a variety of industries in Pakistan. Stepwise Hierarchical linear regression was used for analysis. Media concern and discretionary slake were presented as moderator of purposed relationships. The results validate previous findings from both developed and developing countries. This study makes an important contribution by identifying institutional pressures in the form of regulatory forces (coercive pressures), issue legitimation (normative pressures) and competitor concern (mimic pressures) as important drivers for corporate environmental strategies for Pakistani organizations. Similarly both media concern and discretionary slake also identified as moderators for all purposed relationships
Relationship between Organizational Politics Perceptions and Employees Performance; Mediating Role of Social Exchange Perceptions
Get PDFPerceptions of Organizational politics are very important aspect of Organizational life with respect to its members as these influence various processes which ultimately affect performance of employees. Previous studies have investigated impact of political perceptions either on extra role performance of employees (exhibited through organizational citizenship behaviors) or various other attitudes and behaviors. This study investigates the relationship of perceptions of organizational politics with multidimensional performance of employees which is measured through organizational citizenship behavior-individual as well as organizational and in role performance of employees simultaneously. Moreover the process through which these perceptions operate is also investigated in the light of social exchange theory and reciprocity norms. The data was collected through self-administered questionnaires from employees working in different organizations at national level and was used as aggregate. Overall 1360 surveys were distributed among which 1163 useable questionnaires (for a response rate of 85.51%) were returned filled and were entered into SPSS 20 for analysis. AMOS 20 was used for developing structural and measurement model in structural equation modeling and for testing mediation through bootstrap strategy. The standardized indirect effect revealed that perceptions of social exchange fully mediate the relationship between perceptions of organizational politics and employees’ performance. The implications, limitations and future directions are also provided
Determinants of Recent Inflation in Pakistan: Revisit
Get PDFThis paper explores the short and long run dynamics of inflation in Pakistan using Johansen Co-integration Technique covering data from 1972-73 to 2012-13. Consumer Price Index (CPI), Exchange Rate (ER), Government Borrowing (GB), Non Government Borrowing (NGB), Real GNP (RGNP), Indirect Taxes (IT), Growth Rate of Money Supply (GMS), Import Price Index (IPI), Real Demand relative to Real Supply (RD/RS) and Wheat Support Price (WSP) Money Supply (MS) are taken as indicators. The result shows a long run relationship among the selected variables. It is found that the ER is the most significant factor of inflation in 2011-12, GB, IT, GMS, IPI, RD/RS. It represents the output gap consist of fiscal policy inflation is highly significant
Spatial Analysis of Environmental Health Risks: A Case of Bahawalpur District, Pakistan
Get PDFEnvironmental degradation is causing serious health threats to the population worldwide. This condition is becoming worse in the developing countries. Keeping in view various environmental health problems of Pakistan, the main objective of this research article is to analyze the spatial distribution of environmental risk factors in Bahawalpur district. Data has been mainly taken from the last report of Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (2007-2008) of Bahawalpur district, compiled by the Punjab Bureau of Statistics. First, the study exposes the geographical and demographical setting of the district including all its sub administrative units, Ahmadpur East, Khairpur Tamewali, Yazman, Hasilpur Bahawalpur Sadder, and Bahawalpur City. Second, a number of environmental health indicators have been focused. These include, use of improved water sources, household water treatment, physical access to source of water, sanitation, bacterial concentration in water, disposal of excreta, disposal of waste water, disposal of solid waste and hand washing habits. Results reveal that existing state of these indicators offer a sort of environment that is prone to a number of serious health risks. For planners and policy makers, the study suggests a set of strategies and policies to address the local environmental issues and to minimize the health risks through administrative environmental management and community participation
Spatial, Social Cognition and Team Performance
Get PDFThe team members’ interaction with the environment and with the members helps shape their spatial, social cognitions respectively. These cognitions help in formulating an understanding of mental models necessary for team performance. At the theoretical level, the relation between spatial, social cognitions and team performance is becoming an exciting field, as it allows not only the investigation of important aspects of spatial and social cognition, but also its relation to team performance. At the empirical level, this line of research covers a vast and varied range of tasks, measures, and effects, as properly demonstrated by this contribution, through experimental research design. The results show that Spatial and Social Cognitions have individually and collectively positive significant impact on team performance
Impact of Corporate Governance on Intellectual Capital Efficiency and Financial Performance
Get PDFThis study develops a structural model linking corporate governance, intellectual capital efficiency and financial performance then verifies it through structural equation modeling based on partial least square. Corporate governance has been conceptualized and measured through chief executive officer’s duality, ratio of non executive directors, directors’ ownership, executives’ remuneration and number of shareholders. Intellectual capital efficiency is computed through Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAICTM), and financial performance is represented through return on investment, return on equity and net profit after tax.
The study reveals and determines the existence of critical structural relationship among corporate governance, intellectual capital efficiency and financial performance. The study concludes that corporate governance does not improve financial performance directly; rather corporate governors can enhance it significantly through exploiting intellectual capital resources.
The study provides empirical evidence that a firm with good corporate governance measures enhances IC efficiency that ultimately generates more return on investment, return on equity and net profit
Food Security in the Context of Climate Change in Pakistan
Get PDFThe present study determines the impact of climate change on wheat production along with its per capita availability. The study is different from previous studies as it considers the irrigated and rain-fed regions of the Punjab province. Separate production functions are used for the irrigated and rain-fed regions. Tests for determining normality, linearity, autocorrelation and multicollinearity are also applied. Results show that in the irrigated region, rising maximum temperature during January and November has negative effect, whereas variables such as wheat area, minimum temperature during November and March are positively related with wheat production. Considering the rain-fed region, minimum temperature during February and November has significant impact on wheat production whereas rainfall in the month of March is negatively related with wheat production. Three different scenarios used to project future impact of temperature and rainfall on wheat indicate a decline in future per capita availability of wheat as a result of climate change, in addition to rising population in Pakistani Punjab. Considering an increase in temperature by 3oC in 2050, per capita availability of wheat would be only 84 kg per annum compared to 198 kg per annum in 2012. So adaptation to climate change in the forms of new varieties and better management practices would lessen the impact of climate change