Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences (ISSN 1997-8553)
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Impact of Human Capital Variables on the Effectiveness of the Organizations
Get PDFThis study is conducted to assess the impact of Human Capital Variables i.e. acquisition of knowledge, skills & expertise of the employees on the satisfaction of the employees and then on the effectiveness of the organizations. Simple random probability method was used for sampling selection & primary data was collected by administering questionnaires. Independent Samples T- Test showed that both genders are provided equal chances of human capital development. Effectiveness of the organization was measured by assessing the satisfaction & commitment level of the employees & customers with the organization. Satisfaction & commitment was measured by already established tools. Correlation technique showed that human capital development has strong significant positive relation with satisfaction level of the employees and customers, which will eventually lead to the organizational performance. This research will have implications not only for employees but also for HRM & Training & Development Managers
Corporate Social Responsibility and Organizational Performance: Empirical Evidence from Banking Sector
Get PDFNumber of studies conducted to investigate relationships between corporate sustainability, corporate social responsibility and corporate performance. This research has examined the impact of CSR activities and organizational performance in presence of organizational culture. This was an exploratory research based on primary and secondary data. The primary data of employees of banks collected while secondary data were collected from articles, reports and website of the corporation. The data were analyzed using correlation, regression and analysis of variance by SPSS version 16. The study found relationship between awareness of corporate social responsibility activities and organizational performance. In addition, the study found relationship between organizational culture and organizational performance for the banking sector of Pakistan. The results of this study are important for companies and future research on corporate social responsibility and employee performance
Informal Relationships at Workplace and Employee Performance: A Study of Employees Private Higher Education Sector
Get PDFNow a day’s employees spend a large portion of their lives at workplace. Accordingly, friendships among employees are often formed at work place. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of workplace friendship (WPF) on employee task and contextual performance, job satisfaction (JS) and turnover intentions (TI) in university employees of higher education institutes of Punjab, Pakistan. In addition the study aimed at investigating what extent job satisfaction mediates the relationship among workplace friendship, TI, Task performance (TP), and contextual performance (CP). Data were collected from 500 teachers of private sector higher education Institutes of Punjab. Step wise Regression analyses and Principal Component analysis were used to confirm the research hypothesis. Results showed two things: first the workplace friendship has variety of positive functions for individual performance and job satisfaction positively and significantly mediates between the relationships of TI, CP, TP, and workplace friendship. Second work place friendship moderates the relationship between organization commitment and turnover intentions. The focus of the research was the employees of private sector HEIs only. Since the participants were only from the five private sector universities so the findings cannot be generalized to the employees of public sector universities. Considering the importance of employee’s performance, workplace friendship and organizational commitment in Higher Education Institution (HEIs) researchers, policy makers and academic administrative should take necessary measures to increase the satisfaction and commitment of the employees through informal relations. Further this makes the valuable contribution to both work place friendship and turnover intentions literature by being one of the mediating and moderator effects
Consumer Intentions to Perform Difficult Behaviors: Role of Brand-Self Connection, Prominence and Relationship Length
Get PDFCreation of connections and memory nodes between the brand and self can encourage consumers to engage in relationship sustaining behaviors with the brand. Literature documents the phenomena of interest for rather simple behaviors i.e. purchase (actual or intentions); however, there is lack of systematic study on gauging consumer intentions to perform difficult behaviors (CIPDB) through brand-self connection and brand prominence independently. This paper investigates direct impact of brand-self connection and brand prominence on CIPDB. It also investigates the moderation of relationship length in these two direct relationships and moderation of brand prominence in the selfconnection- CIPDB relationship. The study uses two different product types, identity and instrumental product. The survey includes 297 users of the two product types. The study opens up the new horizon of product-type contingency in studying consumer behavior. Moreover, the findings are helpful for managers to understand how and what level of self-connection and prominence is required for creating necessary consumer intentions to perform difficult behaviors in the favour of the brand, keeping in view the type of product they are dealing in
Relationship between Psychological Factors and Investment Decision Making: The Mediating Role of Risk Perception
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to examine the role of various psychological factors which affect investment decision of Pakistani investors. A study model has been developed to describe the impact of risk propensity, asymmetric information, and problem framing on investor’s behavior while making decisions through mediating role of risk perception. It also determines how much weight is attached to each independent variable by the investors when they make their decisions. The data for this study has been collected through an adapted questionnaire to determine the relationships between our variables. Structural Equation Modeling has been employed to determine the relationships among the variables. The findings and overall discussion concludes that the investor’s behavior depends on how the available information is being presented to them and how much they are prone to taking risk while making decisions; thus playing a significant role in determining the investment style of an investor
The Study of Characterization in the Siraiki Folk Tales
Get PDFCharacters hold a significant place in the structure of a tale. Many of the characters in the verse romantic tales or ballads of the Siraiki language are real. These tales are not confined to the description of love related themes or of adventures. These tales also deal with history, collective social behaviors, human relations, emotions, customs and traditions, beliefs, landscape, the depiction of different sections of society as well as the internal social system. The characters of verse tales highlight the cultural and intellectual aspects of the society. The present study is to conduct the intellectual, symbolic, social and cultural analyses of the characters in the selected Siraiki verse tales of Heer Ranjha
Emotional Intelligence and Resistance to Change: Mediating role of Psychological Capital in Telecom Sector of Pakistan
Get PDFEmerging research on positive psychological resources has identified Psychological Capital (PsyCap) as an important contributor towards a number of useful organizational outcomes. Literature on change management suggests that one of the most significant obstacles in managing change is employees’ inability to accept the change initiatives, and that emotional intelligence (EI) and PsyCap both support in combating resistance towards change (RTC). Based on the importance of the three interrelated concepts, the present study is aimed to examine the mediating role of psychological capital on the relationship between emotional intelligence and resistance towards change. Data has been collected from a sample of 170 employees from telecom organizations operating in Pakistan through personally administered questionnaires. The mediation effect has been tested using Baron and Kenny’s method of hierarchical multiple regression. Results show a positive relationship between EI and PsyCap, a negative relationship between PsyCap and resistance towards change and a negative relationship between emotional intelligence and the resistance toward change. Finally, PsyCap fully mediated the relationship between emotional intelligence and resistance towards change. The study makes a significant and unique contribution to literature by showing the mediation effect of PsyCap between the relationship of EI and RTC, which has been explored for the first time. Also, the study establishes that significant relationships exist between EI, PsyCap and RTC individually in the unique context of telecom sector of Pakistan. It is concluded that emotional intelligence leads to stronger psychological resources which play a significant role in employee’s proactive attitudes towards change. Finally, limitations, future research and practical implications have been discussed
Energy Consumption, Economic Growth, Trade and Financial Development Nexus in South Asia
Get PDFThis study contributes to the literature by exploring the impact of energy consumption, trade and financial development on growth in five South Asian countries over 1980-2010. The panel co-integration approach is employed to examine the long run association and granger causality analysis for direction. The PMG estimation approach is used to address the problem of heterogeneity. Panel co-integration test expresses a long run relationship between growth, energy, trade and financial development. Our findings express that financial development, energy and trade positively affect the economic growth. In long run, bidirectional relationship exists among growth and energy, unidirectional causality is running from trade and financial development to growth
Empirical Analyses of Volatility Spillover from G5 Stock Markets to Karachi Stock Exchange
Get PDFThis study made a pioneering attempt to investigate volatility spillover from G5 countries stock markets to Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE) considering weekly data from 5th January, 2004 to 30th December, 2013. The G5 countries included in this study are France, Germany, Japan, UK and US. Johansen and Juselius cointegration test was applied to explore long run relationship between KSE and G5 equity markets. The volatility spillover has been analyzed by GARCH (generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity) model. We found long run relationship of KSE with equity markets of Germany and United Kingdom. The GARCH (1, 1) model reveals significant volatility spillover effect from all G5 equity markets to KSE. Based on empirical results, we suggest that there are low diversification opportunities for investors in Pakistan
Islamic Work Ethics as Mediator between Trust and Knowledge Sharing Relationship
Get PDFThis research is intended to make few important contributions in the field of Ethics and Knowledge Management, firstly by investigating the contribution of Interpersonal Trust in Knowledge Sharing and secondly that how Islamic Work Ethics is important in making environment more conducive to Knowledge Sharing. The conclusion of this study is based upon the interpretation of results generated from survey data collected from the banking sector of Pakistan. All variables were measured on likert scale. The research represents that Islamic Work Ethics highly and positively mediates the relationship between Trust and Knowledge Sharing. Higher the level of Trust and Islamic Work Ethics, higher will be the level of Knowledge Sharing. The findings indicate that for knowledge sharing, ethical values and trust is necessary. The organization who wants to enhance knowledge sharing should create an ethical and trustworthy environment. According to the researchers knowledge it is the first study which measured the impact of trust on knowledge sharing in the banking sector and also the first to investigate the contribution of Islamic Work Ethics on Trust development and how it contributes in Knowledge Sharing. This research further explores that how trust mediates the relationship between Islamic Work Ethics and Knowledge Sharing