Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences (ISSN 1997-8553)
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Do High-risk Investors Matter in Online P2P Lending Market? Evidence from China
Get PDFThe development of network technology has prompted the gradual rise of lending platforms, which not only meet the borrowing needs of the long-tail population, but also provide new investment methods for investors with idle funds. However, behind the rapid development of P2P online lending is accompanied by increasingly prominent risk issues. Using a Probit model and a dataset of 337,634 loan listings from a leading Chinese online Peer-to-Peer (P2P) lending platform (i.e., Renrendai platform), we investigate whether high-risk investors contribute to online P2P loan default risks and interest rates. Our empirical results show that, with 1% increase in the percentage of high-risk investors in a loan, the likelihood of loan default would increase by 0.79% and the loans interest rate would increase by 4%. Our analysis suggests that the percentage of high-risk investors should be considered in online P2P lending risk management. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper to study the impact of fund providers risk attitude on the online P2P lending market
Linking CSR and Brand Performance through Customer Satisfaction, Brand Equity and Corporate Reputation: A Mixed Methods Study of Top Pakistani Banks
Get PDFThe basic aim of the study is to examine how and why the phenomenon of brand performance (BP) occurs within the Pakistani banking sector through the direct and indirect relationship(s) of corporate social responsibility (CSR) perceptions with customer satisfaction (CS), brand equity (BE), and corporate reputation (CR).The theoretical lenses of stakeholder and resource-based theories as well as the concept of customer-based brand equity and the expectancy disconfirmation theory are used to develop the conceptual model. Based upon a post-positivist philosophy with a social constructionist ontology, the current study employed the explanatory sequential mixed methods approach. The current study collected data cross-sectionally through the use of a structured questionnaire, and analyzed quantitatively through the PLS-SEM in the first phase, and then followed by qualitative interviews to help explain survey responses. The results firstly found that CSR perceptions have a direct impact on customer satisfaction (CS), followed by corporate reputation (CR), and brand equity (BE). Second, customer satisfaction (CS) affects corporate reputation (CR) and brand equity (BE) directly. Third, brand equity (BE) and corporate reputation (CR) directly impacted brand performance (BP). Finally, customer satisfaction (CS), corporate reputation (CR), and brand equity (BE) emerged as powerful mediators. Theoretical and managerial implications along with limitations and directions for future research have also been discussed
Effects of Destination Appeal and Tourism Infrastructure on Rural Tourism Destination Competitiveness and Revisit Intention: A Study in Bario Kelabit Highland
Get PDFAn extensive literature demonstrates that hard dimensions contribute to the growth of tourism destinations. To remain competitive, these resources are significantly important for selecting a tourism location and they also serve as a key attraction for travelers. Therefore, this study is an attempt to explore the effects of hard dimensions (i.e., destination resources, cultural uniqueness, accessibility quality, and accommodation quality) on the competitiveness of rural tourism destination, particularly on highland-based tourism destination. Additionally, this study examines the effect of tourism destination competitiveness on tourists\u27 intention to revisit. Competitiveness theory and theory of planned behavior are used as the theoretical base to explain rural tourism destination competitiveness and tourists’ revisit intention. This study surveys 166 respondents comprising of domestic and international tourists. PLS-SEM approach is used to evaluate the developed model, with WarpPLS software performing the PLS estimation and testing of hypotheses. The empirical findings indicate that destination resources, cultural uniqueness, and accessibility quality provided significant contribution to rural tourism destination\u27s competitiveness. Interestingly, it was discovered that the competitiveness of rural tourism destinations has a positive and significant relationship with tourists\u27 intention to revisit. Unexpectedly, a significantly negative relation between accommodation quality and rural tourism destination competitiveness. Ultimately, the study results in development of future guidelines for scholars and practitioners interested in competitive rural tourism destinations
Examining the Relationship among Work-Leisure Conflict, Coping Self-Efficacy, Psychological Flexibility and Psychological Wellbeing
Get PDFThe job demands of university academic staff members leave them susceptible to the experience of work-leisure conflict (WLC). WLC is often studied as a composite construct despite its multidimensional nature and findings suggest it negatively affects employee psychological wellbeing. This study probes this relationship by examining the specificity therein within the context of the dimensionality of WLC built on the conservation of resource theory. Specifically, this study hypothesizes that the time dimension of WLC leads to the strain dimension which then negatively impacts psychological wellbeing. Furthermore, this study hypothesizes that coping self-efficacy and psychological flexibility will moderate this relationship at either end. Cross-sectional data were collected from teaching staff of a public university in Nigeria. The data were analyzed using SPSS and PROCESS Macro add-on. Findings suggest strain-based WLC mediate the relationship between time-based WLC and psychological wellbeing. Also, coping self-efficacy moderates the indirect effect of time-based WLC on psychological wellbeing through strain-based WLC while psychological flexibility does not moderate the indirect effect of time-based WLC on psychological wellbeing through strain-based WLC. The result of the study is significant in implicitly signaling the negative effect of role overload, and explicit in explaining the mechanism and direction of the same
Moderating Role of Trade Openness between Export Upgrading and Economic Growth
Get PDFThe present research analyzes the nexus between export upgrading and economic growth. In addition, it studies the moderating role of economies’ level of openness to international trade between export upgrading and economic growth for a group of 131 countries covering the period of 2006-2019. The Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) is used for empirical analysis in STATA. Findings of this study express that export upgrading has a positive impact on economic growth. However, empirical results based on the developed and developing countries, show that although export upgrading has a positive impact on economic growth in developing economies, its effect is insignificant for developed economies. Unlikely, trade openness enhances the impact of export upgrading on economic growth in developed economies, however; it reduces this impact in developing economies
Remodeling Digital Marketplace through Metaverse: A Multi-Path Model of Consumer Neuroticism, Parasocial Relationships, Social Media Influencer\u27s Credibility, and Openness to Metaverse Experience
Get PDFMetaverse promises new frontiers in mobility, collaboration, and connectedness in a digital universe poised to digitize our world of workplace and marketplace. The current study aims to explore the effect of consumer neuroticism, parasocial relationships, social media influencers\u27 credibility, and openness to Metaverse experience on the intention to use the Metaverse digital marketplace. Prominent theories, including elaboration likelihood model and personality traits notion, supported the development of a multi-path model for the intention to use Metaverse digital marketplace. Drawing on extensive data of social media active users (N=1861) and covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM), the novel findings revealed that parasocial relationships and social media influencers\u27 credibility positively trigger intentions to use the Metaverse digital marketplace. Moreover, a higher tendency of openness to Metaverse experience intensifies the effect of parasocial relationships on the intentions to use the Metaverse digital marketplace. Interestingly, openness to Metaverse experience is negatively associated with consumers\u27 neuroticism. The study implications offer new insights into parasocial relationships and the credibility of social media influencers in determining followers\u27 intention to use the Metaverse digital marketplace. Transition to the digital marketplace can be accelerated if consumers (prone to neuroticism) are offered professional support to overcome negative emotions (e.g., fear and helplessness) toward emerging digital technologies such as the Metaverse
The Most Effective Leadership Style in Pursuit of Resilient Supply Chain: Sequential Mediation of Flexibility and Agile Supply Chain
Get PDFThis study investigates the most effective leadership style of supply chain (SC) management leaders in pursuit of resilient supply chain through the comparison of transformational and transactional leadership styles. Flexibility and agile supply chain are considered as a mechanism which can strengthen the impact of leadership styles on resilient supply chain. However, these phenomena are not addressed in prior studies. We also empirically teste cost-effective mechanism to SMEs for improving supply chain resilience. The constructs are adopted from existing literature to formulate four hypotheses to meet the study objectives. Primary data is collected by incorporating split survey method and time-lagged of two weeks from 317 supply chain professionals working in SMEs manufacturing enterprises of Pakistan via a pre-tested survey instrument. The PROCESS Macros is used to test the hypothesized model. The results reveal the positive significance of both leadership styles with resilient supply chain directly as well as the mechanism of flexibility and agile supply chain. However, the empirical investigation finds that the supply chain managers with transactional leadership style are more effective in pursuit of resilient supply chain directly and through the sequential mediation of flexibility and agile supply chain as compared with other leadership style. The results of this study empirically prove the significance of transformational and transactional leadership with resilient supply chain. The sequential mediation of flexibility and agile SC between leadership styles and resilient supply chain is also proved. The study tests the most effective leadership style which can more strongly influence the resilient supply chain through the comparison of transformational and transactional leadership styles. All of these relationships have not been previously tested. Thus, the study provides an important contribution to existing body of knowledge
Impact of Green Transformational Leadership on Job Performance: The Mediating Role of Psychological Contract Fulfillment
Get PDFGreen transformational leadership is a style that has the potential to not only shape individual behaviors towards more environmentally friendly behaviors, but it has also the potential to impact the employees other non-green behaviors. This paper aims to investigate the impact of green transformational leadership style on employees’ non-green behavior i.e. job performance. The study further explored the mediating role of psychological contract fulfillment between the green transformational leadership and job performance. Data were collected from various private sector organizations in Islamabad and Gilgit regions of Pakistan. A total sample size of 319 was recorded. Structural equation modeling via SmartPLS software was used to test the hypotheses. Results supported our proposed hypotheses. Several theoretical and practical implications are discussed
Heterogeneous Effects of Financial Development on Renewable Energy Consumption: Evidence from Global Dynamic Panel Threshold Approach
Get PDFA transition from conventional energy sources to renewable energy (RE) sources remains an important concern of the present world. This transition, however, largely depends upon financial sources required for start-up investments, operating costs, and advanced infrastructure. However, an important question arises as to what is the threshold level of financial development (FD) that can boost RE consumption. To answer this, the present study empirically investigates the relationship between FD and RE consumption considering the nonlinear effects of FD. The study used broad money, domestic credit to the private sector, and domestic credit to the private sector by banks as proxy variables of FD from 1970 to 2020 at a global level of 173 countries. The study employed the econometric techniques of pooled OLS method, fixed effects, random effects, and Driscoll and Kraay regression. Additionally, the dynamic panel threshold technique is utilized to obtain the threshold value of FD for robust and reliable analysis. The analysis confirmed the presence of a U-shaped association between FD and RE consumption. The results suggest that all measures of FD boost RE consumption after reaching a certain threshold level of FD. Moreover, economic growth, urbanization, industrialization, and trade showed a significant impact on RE consumption. The study offers unique insights on threshold values of alternative measures of FD for environmental policy designs
Role of Entrepreneurial Competence, Entrepreneurial Education, Family Support and Entrepreneurship Policy in Forming Entrepreneurial Intention and Entrepreneurial Decision
Get PDFThis study proposes specific solutions to promote entrepreneurial intention and encourages converting entrepreneurial intention into entrepreneurial decisions in the future. In recent years in Vietnam, many studies have been conducted to find solutions to promote, encourage, and motivate young people in general and students, in particular, to participate in entrepreneurship to meet up the goal of 2.0 million enterprises by 2030 as a driving force to promote economic development. For the same purpose, the paper uses AMOS software with the SEM structure model and a sample size of 432 graduated students in business, financial and technical universities in Vietnam to clarify the relationship between the factors of entrepreneurial competence and education, family support, and entrepreneurship policy on the process of forming the entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial decision. The study concludes that entrepreneurial competence, entrepreneurial education, and family support have positive effect on entrepreneurial intention and finally entrepreneurial intention has a positive effect on entrepreneurial decision