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„Uksiążkowienie” jako problem estetyczno- -medialny. Obcy – ósmy pasażer Nostromo – studium przypadku
Get PDFThere is no literature (e.g. a novel, feature film) without a medium (e.g. a book, film), but one should be clearly differentiated from the other. Particular works can only be compared based on a comparison made between particular means of expression, i.e. media. A production-related and aesthetic approach, which has been regarded as unscientific for a long time, should be replaced by the much more appropriate media-related and aesthetic approach. Werner Faulstich and Ricarda Strobel’s reflections on the novelization of film refer to Ridley Scott’s picture titled Alien (1979), Richard J. Anobile’s movie novel (photonovel) which is based on Archie Goodwin and Walter Simonson’s comics as well as to Alan Dean Foster’s novelized screenplays. Moreover, references are also made to two popular-science books: Paul Scanlon and Michael Gross’s The Book of Alien (New York 1979) and H.R. Giger’s Giger’s Alien (Basel 1979), which are treated as “books written on the basis of a film”. The film Alien deals, in a disguised form, with the topic of a man’s fear of a woman as the one who gives birth. It describes the sequence of processes that occur in a woman’s body, from conception and pregnancy to birth, as seen by a man who is “on the outside”. A man perceives a woman’s reproductive capacity, which is unattainable to him, as something alien and disturbing.There is no literature (e.g. a novel, feature film) without a medium (e.g. a book, film), but one should be clearly differentiated from the other. Particular works can only be compared based on a comparison made between particular means of expression, i.e. media. A production-related and aesthetic approach, which has been regarded as unscientific for a long time, should be replaced by the much more appropriate media-related and aesthetic approach. Werner Faulstich and Ricarda Strobel’s reflections on the novelization of film refer to Ridley Scott’s picture titled Alien (1979), Richard J. Anobile’s movie novel (photonovel) which is based on Archie Goodwin and Walter Simonson’s comics as well as to Alan Dean Foster’s novelized screenplays. Moreover, references are also made to two popular-science books: Paul Scanlon and Michael Gross’s The Book of Alien (New York 1979) and H.R. Giger’s Giger’s Alien (Basel 1979), which are treated as “books written on the basis of a film”. The film Alien deals, in a disguised form, with the topic of a man’s fear of a woman as the one who gives birth. It describes the sequence of processes that occur in a woman’s body, from conception and pregnancy to birth, as seen by a man who is “on the outside”. A man perceives a woman’s reproductive capacity, which is unattainable to him, as something alien and disturbing
W sarmackim teatrze życia (nie)codziennego
Get PDFThe main purpose of this article is to show Old Polish literature and culture with regard to their performative aspects. By referring to Richard Schechner’s reflections, the author presents the Old Polish period “as a performance”. She focuses on issues such as time, space and behavior, which allows us to notice those activities of nobles that led to the formation of their personal and collective identity. An analysis of poems and diaries reveals different ways of creating one’s “self”. Various gestures and ceremonies as well as the skills that nobles developed through school education and socialization processes unified the Old Polish society, even though it was ethnically and religiously diverse.The main purpose of this article is to show Old Polish literature and culture with regard to their performative aspects. By referring to Richard Schechner’s reflections, the author presents the Old Polish period “as a performance”. She focuses on issues such as time, space and behavior, which allows us to notice those activities of nobles that led to the formation of their personal and collective identity. An analysis of poems and diaries reveals different ways of creating one’s “self”. Various gestures and ceremonies as well as the skills that nobles developed through school education and socialization processes unified the Old Polish society, even though it was ethnically and religiously diverse
Anty-Gombrowicz i Różewicz
Get PDFThis article deals with Tadeusz Różewicz’s opinions of Witold Gombrowicz’s creations. The author compares both writers’ views on literature, especially poetry and theater. He states that Różewicz has created a character who can be called “Anti-Gombrowicz”. The author reveals how Różewicz thought up this peculiar concept and then tried to release himself from it.This article deals with Tadeusz Różewicz’s opinions of Witold Gombrowicz’s creations. The author compares both writers’ views on literature, especially poetry and theater. He states that Różewicz has created a character who can be called “Anti-Gombrowicz”. The author reveals how Różewicz thought up this peculiar concept and then tried to release himself from it
Acheiropoietes – mimesis doskonała?
Get PDFThe paper deals with the topic of an acheiropoietes (an image “not made by hands”) and, more broadly, with the motif of the so-called true or natural image. Such images were known to ancient Greek thinkers (Dionysius of Halicarnassus and Plotinus), but their importance grew significantly in the Christian theology of icons which treated Christ as the perfect image of His Father. In modern times true images mostly function in folklore and they are also referred to in modern art. From the perspective of the philosophy of representation, a true image is an interesting utopia of perfect mimesis – it comes into being in a natural, not artificial way, whereas a copy is regarded as equivalent to the original.The paper deals with the topic of an acheiropoietes (an image “not made by hands”) and, more broadly, with the motif of the so-called true or natural image. Such images were known to ancient Greek thinkers (Dionysius of Halicarnassus and Plotinus), but their importance grew significantly in the Christian theology of icons which treated Christ as the perfect image of His Father. In modern times true images mostly function in folklore and they are also referred to in modern art. From the perspective of the philosophy of representation, a true image is an interesting utopia of perfect mimesis – it comes into being in a natural, not artificial way, whereas a copy is regarded as equivalent to the original
Różewicza sztuki splątane. Interpretacja performatywna
Get PDFThis article attempts to analyze Tadeusz Różewicz’s works by using methods that are associated with performative literary studies. The author refers to concepts of quantum physics and introduces a new aesthetic category, “entangled arts”. Among these arts are, for example, drama and theater, which are seen from an anti-binary perspective. This approach eliminates the traditional division of arts into the art of literature and performing arts, thus leading us to look on literature as a performing art. Therefore, the idea of “entangled arts” is not about “the synthesis of arts”, but about their unresolvedness and an act of reading which requires one to simultaneously exist and be active in two different realities, for example, in a digital and imagined world, or in film and on stage. Różewicz adheres to the same principle as Diego Velázquez when he was painting Las Meninas, which represents a trap of a performative painting. This is true of Kartoteka rozrzucona [The Scattered Card Index], Pułapka [The Trap] and the short story Grzech [The Sin]. The author of this article considers Tadeusz Różewicz to be the greatest modern writer, a dramatic poet who pushes the boundaries of art, and an artist who is both present and absent.his article attempts to analyze Tadeusz Różewicz’s works by using methods that are associated with performative literary studies. The author refers to concepts of quantum physics and introduces a new aesthetic category, “entangled arts”. Among these arts are, for example, drama and theater, which are seen from an anti-binary perspective. This approach eliminates the traditional division of arts into the art of literature and performing arts, thus leading us to look on literature as a performing art. Therefore, the idea of “entangled arts” is not about “the synthesis of arts”, but about their unresolvedness and an act of reading which requires one to simultaneously exist and be active in two different realities, for example, in a digital and imagined world, or in film and on stage. Różewicz adheres to the same principle as Diego Velázquez when he was painting Las Meninas, which represents a trap of a performative painting. This is true of Kartoteka rozrzucona [The Scattered Card Index], Pułapka [The Trap] and the short story Grzech [The Sin]. The author of this article considers Tadeusz Różewicz to be the greatest modern writer, a dramatic poet who pushes the boundaries of art, and an artist who is both present and absent
Przyjemność lektury
Get PDFHenryk Markiewicz’s book Czytanie Irzykowskiego [Readings of Irzykowski] is a collection of studies dedicated to the work of a leading Polish modernist critic who was also an influential theorist, historian of literature and author of the experimental novel titled Pałuba. Although this collection does not constitute a monograph on Karol Irzykowski’s work, the variety of methodological approaches that are presented in the articles reveals Markiewicz’s characteristic interests and shows that contemporary literary studies focus on reading and history rather than theory (P. de Man). These studies were influenced by the ideas of Russian formalists (B. Eichenbaum), semiotics and Marxism; however, Markiewicz does not faithfully adhere to any methodological school. Above all, his studies show that he is interested in literariness, literary works of art, the history of ideas and correct interpretation.Henryk Markiewicz’s book Czytanie Irzykowskiego [Readings of Irzykowski] is a collection of studies dedicated to the work of a leading Polish modernist critic who was also an influential theorist, historian of literature and author of the experimental novel titled Pałuba. Although this collection does not constitute a monograph on Karol Irzykowski’s work, the variety of methodological approaches that are presented in the articles reveals Markiewicz’s characteristic interests and shows that contemporary literary studies focus on reading and history rather than theory (P. de Man). These studies were influenced by the ideas of Russian formalists (B. Eichenbaum), semiotics and Marxism; however, Markiewicz does not faithfully adhere to any methodological school. Above all, his studies show that he is interested in literariness, literary works of art, the history of ideas and correct interpretation
„Śmierć w starych dekoracjach”, czyli „aisthesis” według Tadeusza Różewicza
Get PDFThe aim of this article is to present Różewicz’s way of thinking about the concept of aisthesis based on his short story Śmierć w starych dekoracjach [Death in the Old Decorations]. Różewicz, who follows current trends in aesthetics which appreciate the role that the body and all of the senses play in an aesthetic experience, ennobles the very body that remains a center of sensory and aesthetic perception, in accordance with Richard Shusterman’s somatic philosophy. However, Różewicz’s character, who starts with simple sensory impressions, constantly goes beyond the senses and provides a commentary on each new ordinary, everyday experience as well as an experience of art. These commentaries are constructed from memories, images, reflections or free digressions which are often very remote from what they were triggered by. Różewicz emphasizes both the importance of what is rational and what is sensory for an aesthetic experience, thus overcoming a belief which was promoted by traditional aesthetics, i.e. about the exceptionality of psychological attitudes to aesthetic experiences. He extends aestheticism to include areas that are traditionally considered to be unaesthetic in order to capture the full essence of aisthesis. Therefore, he does not differentiate between the experience of art and ordinary, everyday experiences. This is because aisthesis in Śmierć w starych dekoracjach is a force that merges all these experiences into one whole, thus turning an experience of art into an experience of existence.The aim of this article is to present Różewicz’s way of thinking about the concept of aisthesis based on his short story Śmierć w starych dekoracjach [Death in the Old Decorations]. Różewicz, who follows current trends in aesthetics which appreciate the role that the body and all of the senses play in an aesthetic experience, ennobles the very body that remains a center of sensory and aesthetic perception, in accordance with Richard Shusterman’s somatic philosophy. However, Różewicz’s character, who starts with simple sensory impressions, constantly goes beyond the senses and provides a commentary on each new ordinary, everyday experience as well as an experience of art. These commentaries are constructed from memories, images, reflections or free digressions which are often very remote from what they were triggered by. Różewicz emphasizes both the importance of what is rational and what is sensory for an aesthetic experience, thus overcoming a belief which was promoted by traditional aesthetics, i.e. about the exceptionality of psychological attitudes to aesthetic experiences. He extends aestheticism to include areas that are traditionally considered to be unaesthetic in order to capture the full essence of aisthesis. Therefore, he does not differentiate between the experience of art and ordinary, everyday experiences. This is because aisthesis in Śmierć w starych dekoracjach is a force that merges all these experiences into one whole, thus turning an experience of art into an experience of existence
