UMT Journal Universiti Malaysia Terengganu
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Malay Single Sentence Parser
No full textParser is a process of classifying sentence structures of a language. Parser receives a sentence and breaks it up into correct phrases. The purpose of this research is to develop a Malay single sentence parser that can help primary school students to learn Malay language according to the correct phrases. This is because research in Malay sentence parsing has not gotten enough attention from researchers to the extent of building parser prototypes. This research used top-down parsing technique, and grammar chosen was context-free grammar (CFG) for Malay language. However, to parse a sentence with correct phrase was a difficult task due to lack of resources for obtaining Malay lexicon. Malay lexicon is a database that stores thousands of words with their correct phrases. Therefore, this research developed a Malay lexicon based on an article from Dewan Masyarakat magazine. In conclusion, this research can provide help to the primary school students to organize correct Malay single sentences
Effects of Tank Colour on Body Colour Intensity and Growth of Yellow Gourami Trichopodus trichopterus
No full textYellow gourami (Trichopodus trichopterus) is a species native to Southeast Asia and is famous as ornamental species. However, hobbyists and farmers encounter problems where its body colour easily becomes faded in captivity. Since colour enhancer pellets are expensive, an experiment was performed to determine whether tank colour can influence the body colour intensity and growth of T. trichopterus. Four different tank colours (white, yellow, blue and green) with five replicates were tested where fish were kept under natural lighting (outdoor) conditions for two months. The results demonstrated that fish reared in green coloured tank showed an increment in its colour intensity while fish reared in white tanks increased its body weight. It can be concluded that tank colour does affect the body colour intensity and weight of T. trichopterus. This study will help farmers and hobbyists to solve colour fading problem using a cheaper way
Study of Morphology, Prevalence and Mean Intensity of Monogeneans Infecting Pond Reared Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Striped Catfish) in Besut, Terengganu
No full textThis study was conducted to determine the morphology, prevalence and mean intensity of monogeneans on gill filaments of striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Pangasiidae). P. hypophthalmus are important economic fish in Southeast Asia region and predominantly produced in Asian countries such as Malaysia, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Vietnam, Laos, China and Cambodia through aquaculture. Thirty fish were sampled from an earthen pond located in Kuala Besut, Terengganu, in the period from January to February, 2018. The monogenean parasites were removed from the gill filaments and counted. For the morphological study, the extracted monogeneans were mounted on a slide by using drop of ammonium picrate-glycerin (APG) and then were observed under the Compound Advanced Research Microscope. The drawing was done with the aid of lucida camera attached to compound microscope. The monogenean parasite was identified as Thaparocleidus sp based on the characteristics of the morphology and morphometrics of the parasite, which did not differ significantly from the previous descriptions of the same species discovered in other geographic locations. The prevalence and mean intensity levels were 100% and 106.07 parasites per fish, respectively. The monogenean parasites discovered throughout this examination were recorded and the data obtained was summarized
Factors Determining Gold Prices in Malaysia
No full textGold is a valuable asset to a country because of its liquidity. Gold reserve can stabilize the currency in a country. The objective of this paper is to identify the factors contributing to the volatility of gold prices, such as Real Malaysia GDP, inflation rates, crude oil prices and exchange rates. The data was analysed using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach with time series data, with 30-year coverage from 1987 to 2016. Findings showed that only Real Malaysia GDP and crude oil prices were significantly related to gold prices. As a conclusion, this study can be used as reference by other investors. The author suggests to other researchers to further improve upon this study by adding more variables or diversifying the variables that relate to volatility of gold prices
Effect of Economic Recession on Development Expenditure, Domestic Investment and Foreign Direct Investments In Malaysia
No full textMalaysia is also affected by the economic crisis as it applies the door-to-door policy economy even though the crisis has started on a global platform. Therefore, the objective of this study is to see how far economic recession affects development expenditure, domestic investment, and foreign direct investment in Malaysia. Using secondary data from 1980 to 2015, unit root tests, Johansen co-integration test, Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), and Granger-causality test were carried out. The findings showed that there was a long run relationship between the economic recession and at least one independent variable while there was no short run relationship between the variables. For causal relationships, the economic recession was the cause of domestic development and investment expenditure while foreign direct investment was the cause of the recession, domestic development, and investment spending. Hence, the government must ensure economic stability by implementing various policies
The Effect of Audit Knowledge, Audit Document Complexity and Auditor Experience towards Audit Judgement of Internal Auditor in West Aceh Inspectorate Office, Indonesia
No full textThe audit is a process of overseeing financial reporting and disclosure by evaluating a relatively large amount of alternative information and determining whether it meets accounting standards. Auditors are responsible for issuing audit judgements. The quality of the audit judgement indicates how well the auditors performed their duties. This study examines the effect of audit knowledge, audit document complexity and auditor’s experience on the audit judgements of the internal auditor in the Inspectorate office West Aceh, Indonesia. A quantitative analysis through cross-sectional data was performed to achieve the objective of this study. The primary data were collected through questionnaires administered to 40 auditors comprising 28 auditors with structural positions and 12 auditors with functional positions and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics involving multiple regression analysis using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences-22. The result of this study showed that the audit knowledge, audit document complexity and auditor experience have a significant effect on the audit judgement of the internal auditor in the Inspectorate office West Aceh, Indonesia. Further, this study found that audit knowledge is the most influential factors affecting the audit judgement of the internal auditor
Estimation of Sand Distribution in Coral Reef Environment using Colour Segmentation and Colour Thresholding Methods
No full textAt present, marine scientists employ manual method to estimate the components in coral reef environment, where Coral Point Count with Excel extensions (CPCe) software is used to determine the coral reef components and substrate coverage. This manual process is laborious and time consuming, and needs experts to conduct the survey. In this paper, a prototype for estimating the distribution of sand cover in coral reef environment from still images by using colour extraction methods was introduced. The colour segmentation called delta E was used to calculate the colour difference between two colour samples. Another method used was colour threshold by setting the range of sand colour pixels. The system was developed by using a MATLAB software with image processing toolbox. The developed system was semi-automatic computer-based system that can be used by researchers even with little knowledge and experience to estimate the percentage of sand coverage in coral reef still images
Effect of Pea Protein Isolate, Carboxymethyl Cellulose, Pectin and Their Interaction on Physicochemical and Oxidative Stability of Oil-in-Water Emulsions
No full textBiopolymer interaction in oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions has been demonstrated to positively modify the emulsion physicochemical properties which lead to desirable stability. The present work focused on the effect of pea protein isolate (PPI), pectin, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and their interaction on physicochemical properties and oxidative stability of o/w emulsions using a mixture design approach. The emulsions were prepared with 40 % sunflower oil stabilized with 1 % of PPI, pectin and CMC, respectively, as well as their mixtures according to a simplex-centroid design (10 points). The pH values for all emulsions were within acidic condition (3.22 to 4.66) and increased significantly (p<0.05) as the PPI-CMC level increased. Regression modelling revealed that ternary mixture of PPI-pectin-CMC had the strongest significant (p<0.05) synergism on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity (85.06 to 91.17 %). Besides, interaction between PPI and CMC significantly (p<0.05) reduced the interfacial tension and at the same time thickened the interfacial membrane to provide the emulsion with desirable small droplet size (10.56 μm). This synergistic interaction effect also significantly (p<0.05) improved oxidative stability of the emulsion resulting in low total oxidation value (<7) due to decreased oxygen transportation rate across the thick interfacial membrane surrounding the emulsion droplets. Moreover, with high coefficients of determination (R2 > 96%) and insignificant lack of fit (p>0.05) of the fitted models, this study also proved that the mixture design with regression modelling was useful in elucidating PPI, CMC and pectin interactions and also able to empirically predict the responses to any blend of combination of the components
Competitive Capabilities of Small and Medium-Sized Accommodations (SMSAs) in East Coast of Malaysia
No full textThe number of small and medium-sized accommodations (SMSAs) has increased in Malaysia in tandem with the growth of the tourism industry worldwide. The states involved in this study were Terengganu, Kelantan and Pahang. The SMSAs in these states are rated using Orchid rating, namely 1-Orchid, 2-Orchid and 3-Orchid, generated by the Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture Malaysia (MOTAC). This study applied the Resource-based View (RBV) theory to investigate four factors (marketing management, human resources management, innovation capability management and information technology) assumed to be competitive capabilities that may influence accommodation’s performance. The objective of the study is to examine whether the four factors influence the performance of Orchid-rated accommodations located in the East Coast of West Malaysia. The results revealed that the four factors do not have any relationship with the accommodation’s performance. The analysis also singled out one argument of the director of SMSA that competitive capabilities are not important to their business. This argument coincides with the results of the analysis that the four factors are not significant with regards to the accommodations’ performance
Socio-Economic Profile and Monthly Income of Fishermen in Marang, Terengganu
No full textThis study was carried out in Marang, Terengganu. The objective of this study is to analyse the socio-economic profile of fishermen and their monthly income. The Slovin’s formula was used to calculate the number of respondents in Marang and the data was collected through a survey involving 50 respondents consisting of Malay fishermen. The results of the study showed that the dominant types of fishing gear used were hooks and lines, gillnets and purse seines. The socio-economic profile showed that a majority of the fishermen (35%) were aged between 40-49 years, 36% of the fishermen had between 10-19 years of experience, and 55% of the fishermen had between 2-5 children. The average monthly income of the fishermen was MYR1853.49 for those using hooks and lines, MYR2105.09 for gillnets and MYR2595.39 for purse seines. It appears that the use of purse seines generated the highest income for the fishermen. Generally, the income was not fixed as it depended on the amount of catch for each fisherman’s trip, which was also affected by the season