Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review
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The validity of the principle of mutual trust between the EU Member States in mutual assistance for the recovery of public claims
Get PDFThe cooperation between the EU Member States for the recovery of public claims has been gradually strengthened through expanding the subjective scope to new categories of public claims, establishing forms of cooperation, most notably the possibility to recover claims arising in one state by authorities of another state, and establishing separate institutional frameworks of cooperation. The EU legislature placed great emphasis on the most transparent development of relationships between the EU Member States, and thus the validity of the principle of trust. The article analyses the current international cooperation in the recovery of public claims in view of the principle of mutual trust between the Member States that forms the basis for such cooperation
Ocena działań ustawodawcy na gruncie przepisów Kodeksu postępowania karnego dotyczących odszkodowania za niesłuszne stosowanie środków przymusu, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem zabezpieczenia majątkowego
Get PDFRecently, amendments to the Criminal Procedure Code have been made with unusual frequency. On 1 July 2015, the provisions which made a fundamental remodeling of the criminal procedure came into force. These included innovative regulations for the possibility of applying for compensation from the State Treasury for unjustifiable use of coercive measures, including seizure of property. Although the implementation of these provisions was consistent with the standpoint of the majority of the doctrine, they were only in force for less than ten months. In the motives of the bill, which had removed them from the Code, there was actually no justification for such actions of the legislator. Because they were in force for such a short duration, there is no possibility of assessing their functioning.Such actions of the legislator deserve the highest criticism, because there is an undeniable need to protect persons against whom coercive measures, including seizure of property, were unjustifiably applied.Recently, amendments to the Criminal Procedure Code have been made with unusual frequency. On 1 July 2015, the provisions which made a fundamental remodeling of the criminal procedure came into force. These included innovative regulations for the possibility of applying for compensation from the State Treasury for unjustifiable use of coercive measures, including seizure of property. Although the implementation of these provisions was consistent with the standpoint of the majority of the doctrine, they were only in force for less than ten months. In the motives of the bill, which had removed them from the Code, there was actually no justification for such actions of the legislator. Because they were in force for such a short duration, there is no possibility of assessing their functioning.Such actions of the legislator deserve the highest criticism, because there is an undeniable need to protect persons against whom coercive measures, including seizure of property, were unjustifiably applied
The doctrine of implied powers of international organizations in the case law of international tribunals
Get PDFThe aim of this article is to present the contribution of international tribunals to the development of the doctrine of implied powers of international organizations. The author discusses the case law and the position presented by the PCIJ and the ICJ regarding the powers of international organizations. He points to the basis for implication of powers of international organizations and the limitation of such implication and presents a noticeable evolution of the tribunals view on the issue of implied powers
Wykonywanie uprawnień przedsiębiorcy jako pokrzywdzonego w procesie karnym
Get PDFThe author analyzes the amendment of art. 49 of the Code of Criminal Procedure and presents several aspects of rights granted by the Code of Criminal Procedure to the entrepreneur. The article contains a review of previous problematic provisions of the CCP and describes the new course of reform, which granted the status of aggrieved party to state institutions and local government institutions. The author also emphasizes the role of delivery documents to entrepreneurs as they participate in criminal procedures as an aggrieved party. According to the new art. 304b CCP, written notice of the offense determines not only the elements of the offense but also specifies the identity of the victim by entering the address for correspondence, which in the course of further proceedings allows the authorities to take further procedural steps.The author analyzes the amendment of art. 49 of the Code of Criminal Procedure and presents several aspects of rights granted by the Code of Criminal Procedure to the entrepreneur. The article contains a review of previous problematic provisions of the CCP and describes the new course of reform, which granted the status of aggrieved party to state institutions and local government institutions. The author also emphasizes the role of delivery documents to entrepreneurs as they participate in criminal procedures as an aggrieved party. According to the new art. 304b CCP, written notice of the offense determines not only the elements of the offense but also specifies the identity of the victim by entering the address for correspondence, which in the course of further proceedings allows the authorities to take further procedural steps
Analiza zmian obowiązkowego ubezpieczenia odpowiedzialności cywilnej brokera w zakresie dotyczącym minimalnej sumy gwarancyjnej oraz umownego ograniczenia odpowiedzialności zakładów ubezpieczeń
Get PDFThe article is devoted to the analysis of the law regime regulating the professional indemnity insurance issues of insurance intermediaries. The Ordinance of the Finance Minister on the civil liability matters of insurance mediation business, which entered into force 1 July 2015 lays down the civil liability risks for insurance intermediaries pursuing their activity in Poland. The Ordinance, in comparison to its repealed version, takes down the possibility of a contractual limitation of insurance undertaking liability to the criterion of 10% of the redress value and corrects the maximum insurance cover period of (limited to 12 months). It has been found that a wrong transposition of directive No. 2002/92/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 December 2002 on insurance mediation was the cause of such legislative activity. In addition to making an exhaustive analysis of this amendment, an attempt is made to assess it for the sake of the market share of recipients of insurance services requiring special protection (consumers) and intermediaries (insurance brokers).The article is devoted to the analysis of the law regime regulating the professional indemnity insurance issues of insurance intermediaries. The Ordinance of the Finance Minister on the civil liability matters of insurance mediation business, which entered into force 1 July 2015 lays down the civil liability risks for insurance intermediaries pursuing their activity in Poland. The Ordinance, in comparison to its repealed version, takes down the possibility of a contractual limitation of insurance undertaking liability to the criterion of 10% of the redress value and corrects the maximum insurance cover period of (limited to 12 months). It has been found that a wrong transposition of directive No. 2002/92/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 December 2002 on insurance mediation was the cause of such legislative activity. In addition to making an exhaustive analysis of this amendment, an attempt is made to assess it for the sake of the market share of recipients of insurance services requiring special protection (consumers) and intermediaries (insurance brokers)
Public international law with regard to the social consequences of the development of genetics
Get PDFThe extension of international instruments in the field of human rights to embrace a bioethical perspective constitutes a response from international organisations to the social consequences of the development of genetics. These initiatives led in turn to the formation of universal norms of a declarative nature, as well as legally binding norms for the states of the Council of Europe. The author focuses on the basic principles of: the Universal Declaration on the Human Genome and Human Rights, the International Declaration on Human Genetic Data, the Universal Declaration on Bioethics and the Human Rights United Nations Declaration on Human Cloning, and the Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine – presenting the foundations of international bioethics law with regard to the social consequences of the development of genetics
A few remarks on the interpretation of European company law
Get PDFThe application of European company law by domestic courts entails prior interpretation of EU legislation. Firstly, the manner of interpretation of European company law is affected by both the specific nature of European company law and l’acquis communautaire. Secondly, interpretation methods are subject to the principle of uniform interpretation, which aims to safeguard uniform understanding and application of l’acquis EUwide. Thirdly, when undertaking pro-European interpretation one must (i) have regard to all domestic methods of interpretation, (ii) in line with the blanket ban on contra legem interpretation, and (iii) bear in mind the purpose and wording of a directive serving as a point of reference for pro-European interpretation, as far as possible
Problematyka ochrony dziedzictwa kulturowego w działalności międzynarodowych trybunałów karnych
Get PDFThe article aims to present the problem of the ineffectiveness of international legal instruments for the protection of cultural heritage. It presents examples of where such laws were violated and suggests that international criminal law can contribute to a better condition of cultural property. The author emphasizes that the International Criminal Court should play an important role in safeguarding such property from destruction in the future. In that context, the article presents inter allia the case of Ahmad Al Faqi Al Mahdi, which is claimed to be a milestone in the protection of cultural heritage.The article aims to present the problem of the ineffectiveness of international legal instruments for the protection of cultural heritage. It presents examples of where such laws were violated and suggests that international criminal law can contribute to a better condition of cultural property. The author emphasizes that the International Criminal Court should play an important role in safeguarding such property from destruction in the future. In that context, the article presents inter allia the case of Ahmad Al Faqi Al Mahdi, which is claimed to be a milestone in the protection of cultural heritage
Explaining the link between gender and traffic accidents in Israel
Get PDFThe aim of study is to explain the link between gender and traffic accidents in Israel. Traffic violations are considered as intentional deviations from practices that are crucial to maintaining safety while driving. These violations are commonly referred to as a significant factor in causing traffic accidents; therefore, when examining the case of traffic accidents it is extremely important to look at factors involved in traffic violations as well. This article serves only to propose the thesis of honour cultures as a significant local factor contributing to traffic accidents, but its resolution is much too wide to be able to baseroad-safety programs upon it. A further development of this idea, on a local basis, will thus be of great help in the field.The aim of study is to explain the link between gender and traffic accidents in Israel. Traffic violations are considered as intentional deviations from practices that are crucial to maintaining safety while driving. These violations are commonly referred to as a significant factor in causing traffic accidents; therefore, when examining the case of traffic accidents it is extremely important to look at factors involved in traffic violations as well. This article serves only to propose the thesis of honour cultures as a significant local factor contributing to traffic accidents, but its resolution is much too wide to be able to base road-safety programs upon it. A further development of this idea, on a local basis, will thus be of great help in the field
Некоторые проблемы защиты права собственности при применении мер уголовно-процессуального принуждения
Get PDFThe aim of the study is to evaluate the relation between right to property and the criminal procedure compulsions. The author presents the selected issues of the property right protection law system in the context of the criminal proceeding