SCRIPTORIUM (Université de Moncton)
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Analysis of Cyber Security Attacks and Its Solutions for the Smart grid Using Machine Learning and Blockchain Methods
No full textSmart grids are rapidly replacing conventional networks on a worldwide scale. A smart grid has drawbacks, just like any other novel technology. A smart grid cyberattack is one of the most challenging things to stop. The biggest problem is caused by millions of sensors constantly sending and receiving data packets over the network. Cyberattacks can compromise the smart grid’s dependability, availability, and privacy. Users, the communication network of smart devices and sensors, and network administrators are the three layers of an innovative grid network vulnerable to cyberattacks. In this study, we look at the many risks and flaws that can affect the safety of critical, innovative grid network components. Then, to protect against these dangers, we offer security solutions using different methods. We also provide recommendations for reducing the chance that these three categories of cyberattacks may occur.udemauteur: Habib Hama
Peer-to-Peer Federated Learning for COVID-19 Detection Using Transformers
No full textThe simultaneous advances in deep learning and the Internet of Things (IoT) have benefited distributed deep learning paradigms. Federated learning is one of the most promising frameworks, where a server works with local learners to train a global model. The intrinsic heterogeneity of IoT devices, or non-independent and identically distributed (Non-I.I.D.) data, combined with the unstable communication network environment, causes a bottleneck that slows convergence and degrades learning efficiency. Additionally, the majority of weight averaging-based model aggregation approaches raise questions about learning fairness. In this paper, we propose a peer-to-peer federated learning (P2PFL) framework based on Vision Transformers (ViT) models to help solve some of the above issues and classify COVID-19 vs. normal cases on Chest-X-Ray (CXR) images. Particularly, clients jointly iterate and aggregate the models in order to build a robust model. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach is capable of significantly improving the performance of the model with an Area Under Curve (AUC) of 0.92 and 0.99 for hospital-1 and hospital-2, respectively.udemauteur: Mohamed Chetoui; Moulay Akhlouf
Amplification of cascaded down-conversion by reusing photons with a switchable cavity
No full textThe ability to efficiently produce and manipulate nonclassical states of light is a critical requirement for the development of quantum optical technologies. In recent years, experiments have demonstrated that cascaded spontaneous parametric down-conversion is a promising approach to implement photon precertification, providing a way to overcome photon transmission losses for quantum communication, as well as to directly produce entangled three-photon states and heralded Bell pairs. However, the low efficiency of this process has so far limited its applicability beyond basic experiments. Here, we propose a scheme to amplify triplet production rates by using a fast switch and a delay loop to reuse photons that fail to convert on the first pass through the cascade's second nonlinear crystal. We construct a theoretical model to predict amplification rates and verify them in an experimental implementation. Our proof-of-concept device increases the rate of detected photon triplets as predicted, demonstrating that the method has the potential to dramatically improve the usefulness of cascaded down-conversion for device-independent quantum communication and entangled state generation.udemauteur: Julien Légère; Deny Hame
Real Time Detection and Tracking in Multi Speakers Video Conferencing
No full textCurrently, the videoconferencing market is growing worldwide with annual growth (CAGR) up to 10%. Several companies appreciated this technique during the Coronavirus lockdown as it allowed them to maintain continuous activity and frequent remote meetings. Despite the diversity of videoconference platforms, several are still needed especially if the conference participant moves out of the video capture window or if there is more than one person in the window. In this paper, a new videoconferencing system capable of detecting, choosing and tracking one participant is proposed. The framework suggested uses deep learning algorithms and offers the detection and tracking of a chosen person in a video stream. Person detection uses the Convolutional Neural Network model trained on a selected dataset. The tracking uses the SiamFC algorithm. In the model test phase, our system achieved an accuracy of 98%.udemauteur: Habib Hama
Exploration of how primary care models influence job satisfaction among primary care providers during the COVID-19 pandemic in New Brunswick: A descriptive and comparitive study
No full textBackground: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted human resource gaps and physician shortages in healthcare systems in New Brunswick (NB), as evidenced by multiple healthcare service interruptions. In addition, the New Brunswick Health Council gathered data from citizens on the type of primary care models (i.e. physicians in solo practice, physicians in collaborative practice, and collaborative practice with physicians and nurse practitioners) they use as their usual place of care. To add to their survey’s findings, our study aims to see how these different primary care models were associated with job satisfaction as reported by primary care providers. Methods: In total, 120 primary care providers responded to an online survey about their primary care models and job satisfaction levels. We used IBM’s “SPSS Statistics” software to run Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests to compare job satisfaction levels between variable groups to determine if there were statistically significant variations. Results: Overall, 77% of participants declared being satisfied at work. The reported job satisfaction levels did not appear to be influenced by the primary care model. Participants reported similar job satisfaction levels regardless of if they practiced alone or in collaboration. Although 50% of primary care providers reported having symptoms of burnout and experienced a decline in job satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic, the primary care model was not associated with these experiences. Therefore, participants who reported burnout or a decline in job satisfaction were similar in all primary care models. Our study’s results suggest that the autonomy to choose a preferred model was important, since 45.8% of participants reported choosing their primary care models, based on preference. Proximity to family and friends and balancing work and family emerged as critical factors that influence choosing a job and staying in that job. Conclusion: Primary care providers’ staffing recruitment and retention strategies should include the factors reported as determinants in our study. Primary care models do not appear to influence job satisfaction levels, although having the autonomy to choose a preferred model was reported as highly important. Consequently, it may be counterproductive to impose specific primary care models if one aims to prioritize primary care providers’ job satisfaction and wellness.udemauteur: Claire Johnson; Jérémie Dupui
Un test critique de l'interaction entre l'effet de production en mémoire et les positions sérielles
No full textAu sein d’une liste à mémoriser, la lecture de certains mots à haute voix durant leur présentation, c’est-à-dire leur production, et la lecture d’autres mots silencieusement génère un avantage important en mémoire pour les mots qui ont été produits. Cet effet de production intra-liste se démarque de la condition inter-listes au sein de laquelle tous les mots sont lus à haute voix ou silencieusement. Dans une condition inter-listes, les items produits sont mieux reconnus, mais ils ne sont pas mieux rappelés. L’absence d’un effet de production inter-listes avec des tâches de rappel a souvent été présentée comme l’une de ses caractéristiques fondamentales et comme un effet clé pour l’évaluation des modèles. Récemment, Cyr et al. (2022) ont montré que l’absence d’effet de production inter-listes dans des tâches de rappel se produit parce que la production interagit avec les positions sérielles : les items produits sont moins bien rappelés que les items lus silencieusement aux premières positions sérielles, tandis que le résultat inverse est observé aux dernières positions sérielles. Cependant, cette interaction entre la production et les positions sérielles a été observée à l’aide d’un devis à mesures répétées, et pourrait donc être attribuable à des processus compensatoires sous le contrôle des participants. Ici, en utilisant un devis inter-sujets, nous observons l’interaction prédite entre la production et les positions sérielles. Les résultats soutiennent davantage le modèle révisé des caractéristiques (RFM), suggérant que les items produits sont encodés avec plus de caractéristiques dépendantes de la modalité, favorisant leur rappel. Toutefois, la production de ces caractéristiques uniques supplémentaires perturberait l’autorépétition des items. Mots-clés : effet de production, devis inter-sujets, rappel libre, positions sérielles, modèle révisé des caractéristiques
Review of current 2SLGBTQIA+ inequities in the Canadian health care system
No full textGender identity and sexual orientation are determinants of health that can contribute to health inequities. In the 2SLGBTQIA+ community, belonging to a sexual and/or gender minority group leads to a higher risk of negative health outcomes such as depression, anxiety, and cancer, as well as maladaptive behaviors leading to poorer health outcomes such as substance abuse and risky sexual behavior. Empirical evidence suggests that inequities in terms of accessibility to health care, quality of care, inclusivity, and satisfaction of care, are pervasive and entrenched in the health care system. A better understanding of the current Canadian health care context for individuals of the 2SLGBTQIA+ community is imperative to inform public policy and develop sensitive public health interventions to make meaningful headway in reducing inequity. Our search strategy was Canadian-centric and aimed at highlighting the current state of 2SLGBTQIA+ health inequities in Canada. Discrimination, patient care and access to care, education and training of health care professionals, and crucial changes at the systemic and infrastructure levels have been identified as main themes in the literature. Furthermore, we describe health care-related disparities in the 2SLGBTQIA+ community, and present available resources and guidelines that can guide healthcare providers in narrowing the gap in inequities. Herein, the lack of training for both clinical and non-clinical staff has been identified as the most critical issue influencing health care systems. Researchers, educators, and practitioners should invest in health care professional training and future research should evaluate the effectiveness of interventions on staff attitudinal changes toward the 2SLGBTQIA+ community and the impact on patient outcomes.udemauteur: Claire Johnso
Modeling Verbal Short-Term Memory: A Walk Around the Neigborhood
No full textWhen remembering over the short-term, long-term knowledge has a large effect on the number of correctly recalled items and little impact on memory for order. This is true, for example, when the effects of semantic category are examined. Contrary to what these findings suggest, Poirier et al. in 2015 proposed that memory for order relies on the level of activation within long-term networks. Importantly, although their view has been criticized, they showed that manipulating semantic associations led to item migrations that were atypical. In this article, we show that similar migrations can be obtained with another knowledge-based factor: orthographic neighborhood. In three experiments, we manipulated the orthographic neighborhood of to-berecalled items. The latter is a sublexical factor; as such, it is much less likely than semantic relatedness to involve demand characteristics or grouping strategies. The first experiment established that the neighborhood manipulation produced the pattern of item migrations previously observed with semantic relatedness, confirming that the migration effect can generalize to other variables. The last two experiments suggested that migrations were due to the features shared across list items rather than to item co-activation (as in Poirier et al.). The results were successfully modeled by calling upon the Revised Feature Model, where recall depends on selecting a retrieval candidate based on the features of the cueing information. Overall, our findings underline the usefulness of a model where retrieval is determined by relative distinctiveness and underline that multiple mechanisms can lead to order errors in recall.udemauteur: Jean Saint-Aubin; Jean-Michel Robichau
Relationship satisfaction and psychological wellbeing in men having participated in the MindTheHeart® psychoeducation intervention after an acute coronary syndrome
No full textThis study investigated the associations of relationship satisfaction, depression, and anxiety post-acute coronary syndrome in a sample of men having completed an early, couple-focused, and men-tailored psychoeducation intervention. A baseline sample of 50 male patients were followed over a 12-month period and completed the Couples Satisfaction Index and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale. Results revealed a significant improvement in depression symptoms from T0 to T1, during which all participants completed the MindTheHeart® psychoeducation intervention. In addition, a hierarchical regression analysis showed that relationship satisfaction is an important predictor of this improvement in depression symptoms. Our preliminary findings point to the consideration of life partners in post-ACS interventions and encourage the exploration of this clinical approach in future research.udemauteur: Jalila Jbilo
Understanding financial professionals' perceptions of their clients' financial behaviors
No full textPurpose: This article describes financial professionals' perceptions of their clients' financial behaviors and the explanatory factors underlying these behaviors. Design/methodology/approach: In this qualitative research, the authors seek to understand financial professionals' experiences in relation to how their clients manage their own finances. The authors conduct and analyze 26 semi-structured interviews with financial professionals from several industries within the financial sector in Canada. Findings: The professionals in this study noted that despite their clients' financial knowledge, several other factors can explain these individuals' financial behaviors. They include psychological factors (such as financial bias, the need for instant gratification, and the lack of awareness regarding the long-term effects of certain types of financial behaviors), financial habits (such as lifestyle, financial planning and lack of discipline) and the financial system's flexibility with respect to debt financing and repayment. These perceptions are categorized according to whether they are related to debt financing or repayment, savings or investments. Originality/value: By using a qualitative methodology that relies on the perceptions of financial professionals, this study aims to better understand the financial behaviors of individuals and households, and these behaviors' underlying factors. This study's findings could be useful to various stakeholders interested, in one way or another, in financial literacy, such as organizations aiming to strengthen and promote financial literacy, educators, researchers, regulatory bodies of financial institutions and financial advisers.udemauteur: Tania Morris; Lamine Kamano; Stéphanie Maille