Journals of Universiti Kuala Lumpur
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Challenges in Antenatal Diagnosis of Conjoined Twins in Primary Care Setting: A Case Report.
Full text linkConjoined twins (CT) represent a rare embryologic anomaly with an uncertain aetiology. Although uncommon, this condition is associated with a high perinatal mortality rate. Early detection during the first trimester is therefore crucial to enable timely intervention and referral to a tertiary care centre. First-trimester dating scans in primary care are essential not only for confirming viability and determining gestational age but also for identifying multiple pregnancies. However, anomalies in twin pregnancies-such as conjoined twins-may be overlooked during these early scans due to various challenges. This case report discusses the difficulties in detecting CT and explores factors that may contribute to missed diagnoses
Subtherapeutic Target Attainment of Intermittent Vancomycin in a Paediatric Burn Patient: A Case Report.
Full text linkVancomycin pharmacokinetics in pediatric burn patients can be significantly altered compared to non-burned children due to the physiological changes caused by burn injuries, especially in the hypermetabolic and hyperdynamic phases. Subtherapeutic serum vancomycin concentrations and the consequent need for drastic modification of vancomycin dosage regimen has been reported. This is a case report of a paediatric patient with a Total Body Surface Area (TBSA) of 50 percent with subtherapeutic vancomycin target attainment even with a total daily dose of more than 80 mg/kg/day and the use of prolonged vancomycin infusion
Phacoanaphylactic Endophthalmitis: A Rare Cause of Postoperative Intraocular Inflammation.
Full text linkPhacoanaphylactic endophthalmitis (PE) is an uncommon and rare immune response to retained lens material after cataract surgery. This case involves a 71-year-old diabetic man who developed PE following a complicated cataract surgery with posterior capsule rupture (PCR) and retained lens fragments. The patient initially presented with mild postoperative inflammation, but eventually developed granulomatous uveitis, vitritis, and vasculitis.The diagnosis was made based on clinical findings and intraoperative evidence of retained lens material during pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and anterior chamber washout, which led to resolution of inflammation and improvement in vision, though anterior chamber and vitreous chamber tap were not performed. Early recognition and timely surgical intervention are crucial in managing PE, especially in diabetic patients prone to postoperative complications
Parental Knowledge, Attitudes, and Concerns Regarding Childhood Febrile Seizures.
Full text linkBackground: Febrile seizures are the most common seizure disorder among young children, often leading to parental anxiety and unnecessary medical interventions. Despite their prevalence, limited research has explored parental knowledge, attitudes, and concerns in Malaysia. Objective: This study aimed to assess parental knowledge, attitudes, and concerns regarding febrile seizures among parents in Pahang, Malaysia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 235 parents of children under five years old in selected kindergartens. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and concerns. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were applied. Results: The findings revealed that 55.3% of parents had moderate knowledge, with 53.6% believed recurrent febrile seizures could cause brain damage, and 43.8% incorrectly identified them as epilepsy. While 74% demonstrated a positive attitude, a similar proportion (74%) reported high levels of concern, particularly about potential brain damage (mean = 3.54, SD = 0.8) and subsequent epilepsy (mean = 3.38, SD = 0.8). Higher education level (p < 0.001) and prior experience with febrile seizures (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with better knowledge and attitudes. Conclusion: This study highlights persistent misconceptions and significant parental anxiety regarding febrile seizures. Targeted educational interventions are needed to improve parental understanding, alleviate fears, and enhance seizure management at home. Healthcare professionals should implement structured counselling and culturally sensitive communication strategies to support parents effectively
Islamic Ethics in Nursing: A Scoping Review of Clinical Fiqh Principles and Practice.
Full text linkIntroduction: Clinical Fiqh, an application of Islamic jurisprudence in healthcare, is essential in guiding nursing practice, particularly in ensuring ethical decision-making and holistic patient care. Despite its importance, there is limited research assessing nursing students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding Clinical Fiqh principles. Objective: This scoping review examines existing literature on the integration of Clinical Fiqh principles in nursing education and practice. Methodology: A systematic search was conducted using Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest, and SpringerLink databases. The review adhered to the PRISMA guidelines, selecting studies published between 2015 and 2024. Inclusion criteria focused on articles discussing Clinical Fiqh in nursing education and students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to Islamic jurisprudence in healthcare. Studies not available in full text or unrelated to the research objectives were excluded. Results: Seventeen articles were identified for analysis, revealing key themes aligned with the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) framework, offering insights into students’ understanding of Clinical Fiqh principles, their perceived importance, and application challenges in clinical settings. Findings indicate that while nursing students recognise the importance of Clinical Fiqh principles, gaps remain in their formal education, affecting their ability to apply them in clinical settings. Structured educational interventions, experiential learning, and competency-based assessments were suggested to enhance integration into nursing curricula. Conclusion: This review highlights the need for a structured approach to incorporating Clinical Fiqh into nursing education, ensuring culturally competent and ethically sound care. Future research should focus on developing standardised curricula, assessing the impact of Clinical Fiqh education on clinical competencies, and bridging the knowledge-practice gaps
The Use of Functional Outcome Measures in Stroke Rehabilitation among Physiotherapists in Klang Valley, Malaysia.
Full text linkThe use of functional outcome measures (OMs) in physiotherapy practice is widely recommended for monitoring stroke patients’ functional status and is considered an integral component of rehabilitation. The aim of this study is to: (1) determine the utilization rate of functional OMs in stroke rehabilitation; (2) evaluate the relationship between OM usage with work experience, level of education, and facility recommendations; and (3) identify common barriers and facilitators affecting the use of functional OMs among physiotherapists. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among physiotherapists currently employed in private healthcare settings in Klang Valley. The result showed that 97.7% of participants acknowledged using functional OMs when managing stroke patients. Facility recommendations showed a significant association with OM utilization frequency (p-value = 0.001). However, years of working experience and educational status did not show a significant relationship with the frequency of use. Participants\u27 positive attitudes toward the use of functional OMs, their belief in the value of OMs, and the perception that OM enable ideal clinical assessment were identified as the main facilitators. The main barriers included a lack of familiarity with OMs and a preference for using impairment OM. This study concludes that most physiotherapists in private facilities in Klang Valley use functional OMs in stroke rehabilitation, and facility recommendations serving as a significant driver for OM adoption
Ethnic Disparities in Vitamin B12 and Folate Deficiency Prevalence and their Haematological Correlates in Malaysia.
Full text linkIntroduction: Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency are preventable conditions that can lead to serious haematological and neuropsychiatric complications if untreated. Global prevalence varies, and data from Malaysia is limited. This study aimed to determine the proportion and associated risk factors of these deficiencies in a Malaysian hospital population. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted using data from the Laboratory Information System of Hospital Teluk Intan from June 2023 to May 2024. Demographic data and serum B12/folate levels from 1,463 subjects were analyzed. Deficiency proportions were calculated, and associations with demographic factors and haematological profiles were examined using Chi-square and multinomial logistic regression. Results: The proportion of isolated vitamin B12, isolated folate, and combined deficiencies were 3.2%, 14.5% and 2.9% respectively. Indian ethnicity was significantly associated with higher odds of all deficiency types. Chinese ethnicity was associated with isolated B12 deficiency. Males and younger age groups (12-19 and 20-29 years) had significantly higher odds of isolated folate deficiency. A high proportion of macrocytic anaemia was observed in isolated B12 (52.17%) and combined deficiencies (64.28%), as was megaloblastic anaemia (56.52% and 61.90%, respectively). Conclusion: Significant racial, age, and gender disparities exist in the prevalence of B12 and folate deficiencies, which are strongly associated with haematological complications. These findings highlight the need for targeted screening and intervention strategies in high-risk groups within the Malaysian population
The Intersection of Islam and Nursing: A New Perspective on Cleanliness and Care.
Full text linkIntroduction: Cleanliness is a key pillar of health, vital for infection prevention, patient safety, and overall well-being. In both nursing and Islamic teachings, cleanliness is essential to health and ethical responsibility. Nursing focuses on clinical hygiene and sanitation, while Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh) provides a broader framework encompassing physical, spiritual, and moral dimensions. This study explores cleanliness from both perspectives, identifying similarities and potential integration into nursing practice. Objective: This article examines cleanliness in nursing and Islamic teachings, highlighting similarities and differences. It also discusses integrating Islamic principles of cleanliness into nursing to enhance culturally and religiously competent care. Methodology: A qualitative content analysis approach was used, drawing from nursing literature and Islamic sources, including the Qur’an, Hadith, and scholarly interpretations. Hygiene frameworks and infection control guidelines were analysed alongside Islamic purification concepts to develop an integrated understanding. Results: Both nursing and Islamic teachings emphasise cleanliness for disease prevention and patient care. Nursing focuses on hygiene protocols and infection control, while Islamic jurisprudence extends cleanliness to ritual purity, spiritual well-being, and ethical conduct. Integrating Islamic principles can enhance patient-centred care, address Muslim patients’ religious needs, and foster ethical cleanliness in healthcare settings. Conclusion: Integrating Islamic cleanliness principles into nursing bridges clinical hygiene with spiritual and ethical care. This integration can improve cultural sensitivity, patient satisfaction, and holistic well-being. Future research should assess its impact on nursing education, healthcare policy, and patient outcomes to promote inclusive healthcare practices
The Study on the Immersive Learning Environment for Teaching Students About Hajj and Umrah
Full text linkEven though education keeps experiencing fast revolution from chalk to the computer, most Islamic education are still taught using traditional methods, hence affecting their motivation and achievement levels. This virtual stimulation hajj project proves that using technology could enhance middle school students’ learning motivation with increasing their engagement level and giving them a chance to learn more about Hajj just like the real pilgrimage. Due to the lack of students’ interest and performance when it comes to learn Hajj pilgrimage, one must create a solution for it. Thus, virtual reality has been chosen as its method with reasons. Using systematic literature review as the methodology, three processes are needed to go through – generating research questions, search process of inclusion and exclusion criteria, select and access the literature, data analysis and proposing a research model. The majority of the development\u27s outcomes have received excellent feedback and comments from its target audience, although additional changes are required. This demonstrates that one of the most suggested learning methods is virtual reality. Future work will include providing a better solution to improve Hajj pilgrims\u27 virtual learning experience
Wild Wonder Animals Explorers
Full text linkAnimal Explorers project is an interactive Augmented Reality (AR) storybook designed to educate and engage children aged between 4 to 8 years on the subject of wildlife and environmental conservation. The storybook is enriched with 3D animal models, animations, and immersive auditory elements, offering a captivating learning experience that encourages curiosity about nature. Developed using Unity, Blender, and Adobe Illustrator, the project merges narrative storytelling with interactive AR content to introduce children to the concepts of biodiversity, ecosystems, and the importance of conservation. By integrating storytelling with AR, this project not only enhances traditional learning but also aligns with educational goals related to STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) and environmental awareness. The research methodology adopts the ADDIE model, guiding the project through structured phases of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The goal of this study is to create an impactful learning tool that fosters environmental consciousness in young learners while promoting active engagement through technology