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Upper Limbs Extension and Flexion Angles Calculation and Visualization Using Two Wearable Inertial Measurement Units
No full textHuman motion analysis is widely used in many fields such as physical rehabilitation, athlete training, health status diagnosis and many others. Range of motion (ROM) is an important parameter to evaluate limb’s performance during activity of daily. Goniometer is a device often used by physiotherapist to evaluate and analyse the ROM of individual’s limb movement. The objective of this works is to develop a system to measure ROM using multiple Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) and transfer data to host computer by using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). A software program was develop using Phyton to visualize the motion. In this works, Intel CurieNano board, a six degree of freedom IMU that consist of an accelerometer and a gyroscope was used to calculate the ROM using sensor fusion algorithm. The data from accelerometer and gyroscope were fused using the complementary filter to get the ROM. The motion data was acquired by IMU sensor was sent to a custom program developed in Python through BLE. This custom program displayed the acquired data and visualized the motion in 3D visual model. The IMU sensor was used to measure certain angles at 10°, 30°, 60° and 90° to test its accuracy. The results showed that the angle measurement using IMU sensors has correlation coefficient of 0.9967 where the reference method was goniometer. The wrist flexion and extension angle have maximum error of 7.49° for flexion and minimum error of 1.14° for extension. The ROM measured using IMU sensor has maximum error of 3.57% compared to goniometer. It showed that the IMU’s ROM measurement method is as good as goniometer.
Manuscript received: 21 Mar 2022 |Revised: 18 Apr 2022 | Accepted: 6 May 2022 | Published: 8 Jul 202
Multi-Color Code with High Data Capacity
No full textQuick Response (QR) code is commonly utilized in this era to serve multiple purposes. In order to uplift the data size of QR code, higher versions of QR code are introduced for greater data size. Nonetheless, the current QR code has met the bottleneck of data size. The latest version of QR code (version 40) now can only encode up to 4 kilobytes of data. Besides, QR code version 40 is unable to be decoded easily due to the high layout density. Hence, this research’s objective is to develop a Multi-color Code which involves multiple colors to uplift the data size. Similar to the QR Code, the Multi-color Code (McC) also consists of the features of auto rotation and error correction. The outcome of the research is the developed McC can achieve up to 10Kb. Besides, McC is capable to encode image file for offline identification. The results shows that the auto rotation feature, Reed-Solomon error correction algorithm, developed Lanczos-8 interpolation method and adaptive piecewise transformed normalization contribute in yielding 100% decoding accuracy.
Manuscript received: 22 Mar 2022 | Revised: 28 Apr 2022 | Accepted: 31 May 2022| Published: 8 Jul 202
Hurdles NGO Face When Fostering Education Among Indigenous Communities in Chittagong Hill Tracts
No full textEducation enables indigenous children to exercise and enjoy economic, social and cultural rights. However, they are often marginalized and discriminated against when it comes to accessing education as compared to the non-indigenous children. This is well reflected among the indigenous community children in Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) situated in Bangladesh. After the signing of the peace accord, several development programmes had been employed by NGOs to foster education among the indigenous children. However, despite their immense efforts, there still tends to be an inadequacy in the progress of these indigenous children’s education attainment. NGOs face several challenges when reaching out to the indigenous communities. Hence, to study the challenges that NGOs face, a qualitative approach was used to understand and investigate the broader picture. Purposive sampling was used to determine the informants and gain insights from the perspective of six chosen NGO officers followed by a thorough in-depth interview to further fulfil the objective of this research. Qualitative thematic analysis was the main approach to data analysis. The findings revealed that geographical barriers, the violent conflicts and the psychology of the indigenous community itself pose a challenge that affects the indigenous students’ attainment in education. The language barrier is also some of the other challenges NGOs face. Based on these findings, a few recommendations were developed followed by suggestions on other potential research topics that may open up a platform for better focus on the educational development aspect of indigenous children in CHT
Internet of Things in E-Healthcare System
No full textHealth awareness is important with increasingly complex challenges towards maintaining good health, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Regular health monitoring is a must for everyone during the pandemic. This project proposed an IoT based E-Healthcare system to monitor the body temperature, blood pressure and heartbeat rate. The temperature sensor was connected to a Raspberry Pi microcontroller and the readings were stored in the SQLite database management system. The blood pressure and heartbeat rate readings were retrieved from the wrist blood pressure sensor and the readings were entered into the database. The user can access the health data record through a smartphone.
Manuscript Received: 31 December 2021, Accepted: 7 February 2022, Published: 15 March 202
Optical, Electrical Properties and Surface Morphology of Thermal Evaporated Zinc Telluride (ZnTe) Thin Films for Photovoltaic Applications
No full textZnTe bilayer thin films were deposited onto soda-lime glass by a thermal vacuum evaporation technique using the NANO 36 thermal evaporator under a vacuum pressure of 2.9 x 10-5 torr. The optical characteristics of the film were measured using an AVANTEX UV spectrophotometer in the wavelength range from 239.534 nm to 999.495 nm. Also, the electrical characteristics of the thin films were investigated using KEITHLEY four-point probe techniques. The investigation of the optical properties of the thin films as-deposited and annealed at different temperatures showed high transmission in the NIR region with good absorption in the visible and UV regions. The extrapolated band gap energies were 2.60 eV and 3.20 eV for annealed and as-deposited samples, respectively. electrical resistivity decreased as the annealing temperature increases. The images of the film as-deposited and on annealing have a uniform distribution on the glass slides.
Manuscript Received: 2 February 2021, Accepted: 18 April 2022, Published: 15 September 2022, ORCiD: 0000-0002-8288-910
Jingle Modification: Does Slogan Help?
No full textIn advertising, jingle modifications are often done to inject freshness and to avoid wear-out. This study seeks to determine the effects of jingle modification on brand attitude and brand recall, and the moderating effects of slogan on that relationship. As past research on the effects of jingle modification and slogan inclusion were conducted independent of each other, the interrelationship of the two variables remains unclear. With classical conditioning as the theoretical lens, a 2 (jingle modification: original, modified) x 2 (slogan inclusion: without slogan, with slogan), between-subject experiment was conducted to test the hypotheses, with brand attitude and brand recall as the dependent variables. The results indicate that jingle modification induce positive and significant effects on brand attitude and brand recall. On the other hand, slogan inclusion was not found to have significant effects on brand attitude and brand recall. No interaction effects were found between jingle modification and slogan inclusion on brand attitude and brand recall. Further analyses indicate that slogan only help to enhance attitude when the original jingle was used but not when it has been modified. Additionally, slogan was not found to enhance brand recall for both the original and modified jingles. The implication is that in advertisements with modified jingles, slogan is not required in enhancing consumers’ brand attitude or brand recall. The study provides a strong support for jingle modification and shows that it can have substantial impact even without incorporating the slogan.
An Investigation on the Perspectives of Teachers Using Facebook: A Case of Malaysian Academics
No full textEducation fields have rapidly transformed since the year 2020 from the traditional method to adapting more Web-based tools. Facebook has been regarded as one of the most popular social platforms teachers and learners use in education. It is perceived by teachers and learners as a tool that improves the teaching and learning processes significantly through its several features. This study aims to explore the Malaysian teachers’ views on Facebook in their teaching. Eighty teachers from different levels of Malaysia’s institutions participated in this study. This study adopted the quantitative method to gather teachers’ views on the advantages and disadvantages of Facebook and their reflections on Facebook usage in teaching and learning. Findings showed that teachers had a positive perception of the use of Facebook. This study also found no significant difference between male and female teachers in their perception of Facebook use. This study suggests that teachers optimise this tool in their teaching based on the advantages of using Facebook.
Inverse Kinematics Analysis of Novel 6-DOF Robotic Arm Manipulator for Oil and Gas Welding Using Meta-Heuristic Algorithms
No full textThis research presents a comparison of the grey-wolf, improved grey-wolf, particle swarm, jellyfish and whale optimisation algorithms regarding the inverse kinematics solution of a newly designed 6-degrees of freedom robotic arm for oil and gas pipeline welding which has not been used in literature. Consequently, due to the robot’s multiple joints with compounding combinatory possibilities of joint angles, the analysis of the inverse kinematics is relatively complex. In this research, the meta-heuristic algorithms, have been used to determine the robotic arm's inverse kinematics, essential for tracking a rectangular trajectory with six sets of waypoints in the 3D [X, Y, Z] space. The results were further analysed in terms of the accuracy of the position of the end effector from the accurate position of the rectangular target trajectory via a mean squared error cost function. Furthermore, the results of comparison between the meta-heuristic algorithmsto position error from the inverse kinematics task demonstrated the superior performance of the grey-wolf algorithm over the particle swarm, improved grey-wolf, jellyfish, and whale optimisation algorithms.
(Manuscript received: 24 April 2022 | Accepted: 16 June 2022 | Published: 8 July 2022
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No full textContents
The effects of transformational leadership and change management on civil servants’ motivation: A study at the Regional Secretariat of Sumedang RegencyAhmad Nugraha Rahmat, Ratri Wahyuningtyas
The peculiar case of property rights in legal clausesDennis W. K. Khong
The influence of employee participation, rewards and recognition, job security, and performance feedback on employee engagementQuay Chee Chin, Afandi Yusof
 
Alternative Dispute Resolution and Sustainability of Economic Development for the Consumer’s Benefit: An Islamic Moral Economy Perspective
No full textIslamic Moral Economy (IME) rests on the idea of justice, goodness and fairness, and the social interest within the community. It provides a basic framework and moral-oriented principles to ensure the sustainability of economic development. In economics when contracts are formulated and signed, they are subjected to unexpected changes. Some issues may lead to disputes. The concept of Sulh (amicable settlement) can be used as an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) mechanism to solve these disputes. The scholars interpret such as mediation, arbitration, and conciliation. This paper aims to examine the potential of the applicability of mediation as a tool for dispute resolution in encouraging sustainability of economic development from an IME perspective. Based on a desk review of academic, peer-reviewed literature and reports, the particular focus of this study is on how mediation could assist the consumers of Islamic Banking and Finance in getting justice by applying dispute settlement methods between the parties. This paper suggested that the consumer obtains much benefit if the IME adopts ADR or mediation in resolving dispute and simultaneously maintains the sustainability of economic development