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Design and Fabrication of An Automated Glass Bottle Cutter for Reuse and Recycling Bottle Glass Products
No full textThe glass bottle cutter has a substantial commercialisation potential, as present trends indicate a growing interest in repurposing waste materials. This apparatus enables communities to manufacture new items from discarded glass bottles, including drinking glasses, ashtrays, and vases. Disposal at recycling centres or craft stores is essential for businesses such as restaurants and bars that often produce excess glass waste. Hence, this apparatus is resilient and long-lasting, designed to handle significantly larger amounts more efficiently than manual glass bottle cutters, which require scoring the bottle and alternating between hot and cold water. The main goals of this project are to develop a prototype for a glass bottle-cutting machine and to manufacture the machine according to the designed prototype. The manufacturing process encompasses measuring, cutting, welding, and drilling, with the machine predominantly constructed from metals. It employs a DC motor to facilitate the rotation of the diamond blade, substituting conventional wheel cutters. This design markedly diminishes the necessity for physical labour and enables bottles to be severed in under one minute. The cutter accelerates the procedure, yielding a superior finish with reduced physical exertion. The design and analysis of the prototype have been successful. Potential enhancements may involve the integration of a safety button, applying a coolant to inhibit the dispersion of glass dust, and including a polishing mechanism for smoother edges. These upgrades would boost the machine's efficiency and desirability.
Manuscript Received: 3 December 2024, Accepted: 4 February 2025, Published: 15 March 2025, ORCiD: 0000-0002-9700-071
Rubberised Engineered Cementitious Composite (R-ECC) As Retrofitting Material for Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joint Subjected to Cyclic Loading
No full textEarthquakes present significant risks to infrastructure and human safety, highlighting the need for effective disaster mitigation strategies. This study explores the utilization of scrap rubber tires as a partial replacement for aggregate in concrete. The primary objective is to analyze the load-displacement behavior and structural performance of RC beams before and after retrofitting with Rubberized Engineered Cementitious Composite (R-ECC) under fatigue loading. The testing procedure included static and fatigue load assessments using a four-point bending test. The retrofitting process incorporated 5% R-ECC. Findings indicate that R-ECC retrofitting improves concrete's ductility, load-displacement response, and flexural fatigue strength, resulting in greater displacement capacity and increased deformation before failure
Reducing Carbon Emission Towards Sustainable Aviation
No full textAviation is a highly energy-intensive sector, making it the second-biggest source of greenhouse gas emissions in the transportation sector, with road transport leading the way. Emissions continue to rise despite advancements in aircraft efficiency over the past six decades due to the increasing demand for air travel. Reviewing the reduction of carbon emissions in aviation is essential to protect the environment, drive innovation and secure a sustainable future in aviation. Stakeholders responsible for reducing carbon emissions are primarily found in the industrial sector. The challenges and opportunities related to reducing carbon emissions in aviation are investigated with a focus on Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF), advancements in fuel-efficient aircraft, and improvements in air traffic management. Studies have shown that using SAF, derived from renewable resources such as waste oils, algae, and municipal waste, can reduce lifecycle carbon emissions by up to 80% compared to conventional jet fuel. The use of SAF is limited due to cost and the difficulty in producing it. In addition, the use of electric and hydrogen-powered aircraft is highlighted, as it can revolutionise the industry by offering zero-emission alternatives for both short- and long-haul flights. Recommendations are provided to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations, specifically SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) and SDG 13 (Climate Action)
Bridging the Gap: A Multi-Pronged Approach to Road Safety in Malaysia
No full textRoad traffic accidents are a growing global tragedy. Therefore, road safety is always a matter of great concern as it relates to the livelihood and well-being of the people of Malaysia. As elsewhere in the world, causes of road accidents include vehicle failure, uneven roads, reckless driving, speeding, intoxication, lack of sleep, and more. Although the government has implemented laws, rules, and programmes to curb road accidents in Malaysia, citizens remain unsure of the potential risks posed by legal deficiencies. Therefore, the focus of this article is to bridge the gap between the legal framework and lingering public uncertainty regarding road safety in Malaysia, paving the way for the development of more effective strategies to create a safer transportation environment for all
Pet-Friendly Urban Parks in Pursuit of Sustainable Green Spaces
No full textPet-friendly parks are crucial elements in the development of urban cities. As cities grow with the increasing population, urban parks are crucial recreational spaces for the residents. Urban pet parks enhance the quality of both pets and owners. This paper analyses how pet park management addresses legal responsibilities and aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations, especially those related to sustainable cities, life on land, and climate change. By studying the relevant policies and practices, this research aims to suggest mitigating strategies and explore sustainable development practices in the development of urban pet parks. Finding a balance between tort liabilities and encouraging sustainability contributes to a better urban environment for living. This research aims to enhance the quality of urban life and preserve the environment
The Effectiveness of Samsung Product Placement in Korean Drama
No full textThe worldwide success of placing products in Korean dramas as a powerful advertising tool inspired this study. However, past studies have shown inconsistent and contradictory findings regarding product placement in Korean dramas, which has a significant relationship with brand recall. Thus, this study aims to determine how recent Korean dramas use product placement to promote and raise awareness of South Korean products. The objectives of this study are 1) to understand the impact of Korean drama script placement (audio) on brand recall; 2) to examine the impact of Korean drama screen placement (visual) on brand recall; 3) to investigate the impact of Korean drama plot placement on brand recall. The tripartite Typology of Product Placement was derived as the theoretical research of this study. The quantitative method in the form of a survey was applied to assess the important relationship between independent and dependent variables. The research respondents were active international Korean drama viewers in the KFriend Facebook group. SPSS was utilised to analyse and evaluate the relationships between the study's hypotheses. The findings indicate that script placement (audio), screen placement (visual), and plot placement have a significant relationship with brand recall among Korean drama viewers
From Morphemes to Meaning: Analysing the Names of Traditional Kelantan Kuih
No full textThe morphological influence in Kelantanese traditional kuih is part of a broader cultural context of Malay culinary traditions. In Kelantan, traditional foods play a significant role in wedding customs, with specific items like pulut, sirih junjung, and various kuih included in the hantaran (wedding gifts) exchanged between families. Kelantanese kuih often have distinctive, eccentric names, many of which are deeply embedded in the Kelantanese dialect, customs, and historical context. These names may perplex individuals from other regions because they rely on local phrases or metaphorical meanings that are not often recognised outside Kelantan. This qualitative study aims to identify the semantics of the quirky names of traditional Kelantanese kuih and analyse the factors that influence the word-formation of these kuih-muih. This paper examines the etymology of word-formation and the folkloric elements embedded in the distinctive names of traditional Kelantanese kuih. Lexical variations in Kelantanese kuih result from this combination of words, showcasing the rich tapestry of Malaysian and Indonesian culture, where language and food intersect to create a unique culinary identity. Traditional desserts are open compounds, with Malay words and the Kelantanese dialect as the source words. The visual appearance factor mainly influences the naming of traditional Kelantanese desserts. This study aims to deepen the discourse on Malaysia's culinary and cultural history by analysing linguistic aspects and regional influences
Robust Lane Detection under Varying Lighting Conditions Using Adaptive Vision-Based Techniques
No full textReliable lane detection is crucial to autonomous driving but continues to be challenging with varying lighting conditions. Fluctuations in illuminations due to bright sunlight, shadows or low lighting at night can degrade the visual quality and adversely affect the accuracy of the lane detection results. This research proposes an adaptive approach for lane detection under different lighting scenarios. For daytime, a Region of Interest (ROI) masking and line averaging technique help in the stability and visibility of the lane markings. For nighttime conditions, a Probabilistic Hough Transform-based method improves lane detection in low-light environments. An evaluation tool has been developed to check if certain parameters correlate with day or night to enable dynamic selection of the most suitable detection technique. The proposed new method improves image preprocessing and combines several computer vision algorithms for accurate lane tracing. This new solution aids in shadow regions and faded marking areas, as well as improves precision for multi-lane roadways with varying lane widths. The approach adds accuracy for real-time lane recognition of autonomous vehicles on multi-lane highways with different degrees of illumination. This research also contributes toward the goal of improving safety and efficiency in autonomous driving by providing more effective methods of ensuring safe driving
Social Media Use in Election Campaigns: Bibliometric Analysis of Global Research Trends and Future Directions
No full textSocial media has dramatically changed how political messages are shared, necessitating a thorough investigation of its influence. The widespread use of social media platforms has introduced new complexities, including the rapid dissemination of information and the formation of digital echo chambers, which have fundamentally altered the dynamics of democracy. This study employs a bibliometric analysis to examine the evolving research landscape on the impact of social media on elections from 2010 to 2024. The analysis identifies key authors, publications, sources, trends, and maps the structural development of the field using data from the SCOPUS database. Additionally, VOSviewer was used to analyse keyword co-occurrence and visualise the research network. The study also explores future research opportunities through emerging keywords, with particular attention to topics such as misinformation and machine learning. It further highlights the need for greater regional representation, as current research is predominantly focused on Western democracies. Ultimately, this study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the field, identify existing knowledge gaps, and support future academic inquiry and policy development in the digital age of elections, where voters and political actors are both participants and consumers