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Design for Additive Manufacturing Optimized Vertical Lunchbox
No full textThe vertical lunchbox (VL) project, propose an innovative and functional solution for movement. Traditional lunchboxes often fail to meet the diverse needs of today’s consumers, including the desire for convenience, portability, and meal freshness. This project uses the advantages of additive manufacturing to create a lunchbox that not only offers practicality and usability but also incorporates distinctive features tailored to present lifestyles. The design process employs a concept of Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) and Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DfMA) principles. These concepts enable the development of required features and at the same time reducing assembly time and improve the functionality. Important features of the vertical lunchbox include customizable compartments that can accommodate ice packs, the lid that can be used as a handphone holder, and removable containers for easy cleaning. These features are catering to the needs of busy professionals and students. Parametric modeling and topological optimization helped to ensure that the lunchbox design is appealing and at the same time lightweight and strong. The adoption of 3D printing technology enabled faster production processes with required dimensional accuracy. Test results indicate that the vertical lunchbox meets most of the user requirements. The important features such as a secured locking and snap-fit lid design ensured the reliable transport containers for carrying food. In Addition, the project proved that additive manufacturing can be used for time to market approach of the product development. Finally, the vertical lunchbox project demonstrates how advanced manufacturing techniques can transform traditional product design to meet modern consumer needs.
Manuscript received:18 Feb 2025 | Revised: 12 Apr 2025 | Accepted: 29 Apr 2025 | Published: 30 Jul 202
Antecedents of Organisational Ethical Culture towards Social Sustainability for Companies in Malaysia: DOI: https://doi.org/10.33093/ijomfa.2025.6.1.4
No full textThe topic of sustainability development has remained crucial where Malaysian government is trying its best to strengthen sustainability commitment to achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs). The lack of emphasis on sustainability awareness from leaders hinders the effort of sustainability commitment to be ingrained in organisational culture. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the role of ethical leadership and organisational ethic culture play in promoting social sustainability, with the support of the social exchange theory adopted as the theoretical framework. The target population of this research encompasses employees working in Malaysia companies. A total of 202 data respondents were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and SmartPLS 4. The expected outcomes of this study are to prove that having ethical leadership is crucial for an organisations' ethical culture development and plays a significant role in promoting employees' well-being. The study found that job satisfaction effectively mediates the relationship between ethical leadership and employees' well-being.
The Influence of Service Marketing Mix on Customer Loyalty Towards Travel Agents Post Covid-19 Pandemic: DOI: https://doi.org/10.33093/ijomfa.2025.6.1.9
No full textThis study examines the impact of the service marketing mix on customer loyalty towards travel agents in Oman after the COVID-19 pandemic. The study seeks to comprehend the influence of the service marketing mix (7Ps: Product, Price, Place, Promotion, People, Process, and Physical Evidence) on customer loyalty to travel agents in Oman in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era in a swiftly changing market. The study uses a quantitative research methodology, sending a self-administered survey questionnaire to travel agencies in Oman. The data are examined using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to evaluate the presented hypotheses. The results are anticipated to demonstrate substantial correlations between different components of the service marketing mix and client loyalty, offering valuable insights for travel firms to improve their strategic marketing endeavours. This study enhances our comprehension of consumer loyalty dynamics in the travel sector, providing practical insights for enhancing service quality and implementing client retention tactics in the aftermath of the epidemic
A Conceptual Framework for University Teachers' Job Performance in Henan, China: Integrating a Competency Model and the Mediating Role of Perceived Organizational Support: DOI: https://doi.org/10.33093/ijomfa.2025.6.1.12
No full textThis conceptual paper explores the theoretical framework surrounding the relationship between teacher competency and job performance in universities in Henan Province, China. Drawing on Spencer's competency model, the paper conceptualises teacher competency as comprising five key dimensions: skills, knowledge, self-concept, traits, and motives. It also introduces perceived organisational support as a mediating variable, offering a novel perspective on how it influences the link between competency and job performance. Theoretical discussions are advanced through a multidimensional approach, expanding the scope of competency and organisational support theories within the higher education context. This study proposes to employ a quantitative research design to examine the relationships among teacher competency, job performance, and perceived organisational support. To collect data, a structured questionnaire is proposed to be administered to university teachers from 60 universities in Henan Province, and the resulting data are subsequently analysed using appropriate statistical techniques to test the proposed relationships. This framework enriches existing literature and provides new directions for future empirical research. By applying this conceptual model, the study contributes to the broader understanding of teacher competency and performance, with potential implications for teacher management, professional development, and educational quality improvement in Henan Province and beyond
Buy Now, Think Later? A Conceptual Take on Malaysian BNPL Choices: DOI: https://doi.org/10.33093/ijomfa.2025.6.2.7
No full text“Buy Now, Pay Later” (BNPL) has reshaped consumer spending behaviors, with Malaysia experiencing a significant surge in adoption and usage. BNPL is widely used by Gen-Z and millennials as a form of payment, leading to increased spending due to this borrowing scheme. It has introduced a shift in consumer spending patterns, often characterized by the ‘Buy Now, Think Later?’ mindset. Due to the rising popularity of BNPL schemes, Bank Negara Malaysia is looking to amend the Consumer Credit Act. As BNPL schemes often synthetically promote positive payment behaviors through readily available installment credit options, many consumers seem to adopt a “buy now, think later” attitude. However, the financial knowledge and impulsivity of Malaysian consumers’ attitudes toward BNPL remain underexplored. Therefore, this conceptual paper develops a framework to investigate the role of financial knowledge and impulsivity in shaping attitudes toward BNPL among Malaysians. The study will employ a quantitative approach by collecting primary data through an online questionnaire among BNPL users from Gen Z and Millennials in Malaysia. Data analysis will be conducted using IBM SPSS software, incorporating demographic analysis, reliability testing, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression to test the proposed hypotheses. Practically, the findings can help policymakers, financial institutions, and educators promote responsible BNPL usage among young consumers to prevent excessive reliance on BNPL
Factors influencing the adoption of digital banking among university students in urban areas: A comparative analysis using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
No full textFinancial institutions are experiencing profound impacts from the rapid expansion of digitization. Raised in the era of the internet and social media, Generation Z has been exposed to these innovations extensively. The primary aim of this study is to explore the factors influencing the adoption of digital banking among university students, focusing on Generation Z in urban areas. One hundred pairwise questionnaires were distributed to university students in the Klang Valley via convenience sampling for the survey. The study evaluates five main factors - ease of use, security, online responsiveness, trust, and usefulness to be ranked through the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The AHP results indicate that usefulness emerged as the top priority, followed by security, in the context of digital banking adoption. Moreover, comparative analysis based on gender and education level reveals nuanced differences. Male respondents prioritize security highly, while female respondents emphasize usefulness. Similarly, those with higher education levels prioritize usefulness, whereas diploma holders prioritize more on security. By employing the AHP and conducting a comparative analysis, this study aims to address gaps in the existing literature on digital banking. Its findings are expected to aid financial institutions in enhancing their digital banking services and quality, which could potentially expand the efforts of bridging the financial inclusion gap to underserved populations in regions with low levels of access
Analysis and Simulation of Switched Reluctance Motor Driven Electric Vehicle by Field-Oriented Control
No full textThis paper analyses the performance of Electric Car for speed control of the switched reluctance motor. Closed loop speed control driven by field-oriented control (FOC) is applied for speed control. In these days, electric vehicles are widely used in most of the country because they can reduce the fuel consumption. As a consequence, they can lessen the environmental impact of carbon dioxide emission. The electric motors are the main devices to dive the electric car. The switched reluctance motors are well applied in the recent study instead of other AC motors for the electric vehicle due to their high performance. Using MATLAB/Simulink, the case study model is created and analysis of its results are carried out.
Manuscript Received: 31 March 2024, Accepted: 25 July 2024, Published: 15March 2025, ORCiD: 0009-0005-2086-320
An Improved Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for Disease Detection and Diagnosis for Multi-crop Plants
No full textAgriculture is one of the largest sectors that contribute to the economic growth of countries, including Malaysia. However, plant diseases affect the quality of the harvest and impede farmers’ maximum yield output. Therefore, early detection of diseases in plants is vital to curb infection, reduce food waste, and reduce their carbon footprint. However, many detection methods are complex, require high computational power and time to perform the required analysis and focus only on a particular species or strain of the disease. These requirements would likely deter most users in remote areas or poorer economic states. This paper proposes a convolutional neural network to determine multi-class plant diseases that is memory efficient, has a small trainable parameter number, and is compact enough to work even on mobile devices. The plant images were pre-processed to ensure that they were validated accurately and to minimise overfitting. Then, the proposed convolutional neural network was trained using a publicly available dataset consisting of 54306 images, followed by validation and testing. Finally, the completed model is saved, and the data obtained is transferred to a cloud network using wireless sensor networks. The proposed method obtained 96.87% accuracy with 100 epoch training iterations, rivalling famous architectures such as VGG16 and MobileNetV2. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and robustness of the method for disease detection in multi-crop plants.
Manuscript Received: 17 March 2024, Accepted: 8 July 2024, Published: 15 March 2025, ORCiD: 0000-0002-6958-872
Analytical Investigation of Nonlinear Dynamics of Soliton Transmission in Discrete System under Self-Induced Regime
No full textThis study investigates the soliton propagation in a one-dimensional discrete system characterized by the Discrete Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation (DNLSE). The DNLSE is a fundamental model in wave phenomena, encompassing a broad spectrum of physical systems ranging from optics to fluid dynamics. The analytical study employs the variational approximation (VA) method to thoroughly examine the process and essential parameters governing soliton evolutions, such as width, center-of-mass position, and linear and quadratic phase-front corrections are determined and graphically interpreted. The results show that an increase in linear phase-front correction corresponds to an increase in both the soliton’s initial velocity and propagation distance