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CONCEPTUALISING THE ANTECEDENTS OF EWOM IN THE POST-CONSUMPTION BEHAVIOUR ASSESSMENT OF TOURISM SPORTS ACTIVITIES
No full textGiven the popularity of electronic media in today’s digital information era, visitors are likely to share their visit experience online with their colleagues or the public, especially on popular social media platforms. Thus, word-of-mouth practice has moved from physical word-of-mouth to online word of mouth, known as electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM). Responding to this new phenomenon, this paper attempts to propose a testable research framework for assessing tourism sports activities experience at the tourist destination. In other words, this paper aims to identify the antecedents of eWOM among tourism sports customers. Methodically, desk research was carried out whereby past literature was exhaustively reviewed to establish a conceptual understanding of tourism sport experience assessments and to consolidate the variables as a working model. In this context, this paper proposed a relational model that explains the effect of the perceived value, satisfaction, commitment and electronic media (e-media) familiarity on eWOM. This model also anticipated the moderation role of e-media familiarity between commitment and eWOM. Theoretically, the proposed framework reduces the gaps related to the construction of research variables for tourism sports experience assessment. Practically, this paper provides sport tourism operators with a comprehensive testable framework that can guide them in understanding their customers’ consumption behaviour assessment process and their electronic word-of-mouth response
SEJARAH GUNAAN: PENDEKATAN BARU PENSEJARAHAN DI MALAYSIA (Applied History: New Historical Approach in Malaysia)
No full textABSTRAK
Sejarah seperti bidang-bidang lain juga merupakan satu bidang yang dinamik. Walaupun ia secara konservatif sering digambarkan sebagai “history is for the winner,” namun ia sebenarnya merupakan gambaran kehidupan masyarakat sezaman. Bidang sejarah berkembang menjadi disiplin ilmu yang menceritakan tentang manusia dan masyarakat berada dalam landasan ilmunya yang tersendiri. Kemunculan bidang sains yang menguasai disiplin sains sosial dan kemanusiaan telah memberikan impak yang besar terhadap bidang sejarah. Abad ke 20 sekali lagi telah menyaksikan transformasi dalam bidang sejarah apabila ia telah diintegrasikan ke dalam bidang-bidang sains sosial yang lain dan berubah dari sejarah tulen atau sejarah murni kepada sejarah gunaan. Kertas kerja ini membincangkan tentang perkembangan disiplin sejarah yang membawa kepada kemunculan sejarah gunaan yang merupakan pendekatan baru di Malaysia. Secara keseluruhannya kemunculan pendekatan baru dalam disiplin sejarah di Malaysia adalah selari dengan perkembangan yang berlaku di seluruh dunia terutamanya di Eropah dan Amerika Syarikat. Transformasi disiplin sejarah ini dilihat sebagai serampang dua mata iaitu memaksimumkan peranan fundamentalnya dalam pembangunan negara - bangsa dan dalam masa yang sama untuk memastikan survival disiplin sejarah kekal relevan sama seperti disiplin-disiplin ilmu yang lain dalam arus perdana sistem pendidikan negara.
ABSTRACT
History is always dynamic in nature just like any other disciplines. Although it is conservatively portrayed that "history is for the winner," but it is actually a reflection of the life of contemporary society. The field of history evolved into a discipline that analyzes human nature and society on its own track of knowledge. This field has been significantly affected by the development of science that dominates the disciplines of humanities and social science. The 20th century has once again seeing a transformation within the field of history, when it was integrated into other areas of social sciences and transformed from pure history to the new approach known as ‘Applied History’. This paper aims to discuss the development of history disciplines that led to the emergence of the ‘Applied History’ in Malaysia. Overall, the emergence of ‘Applied History’ within the historical discipline in Malaysia is in line with the developments which revolving around the world, particularly in Europe and United States of America. The transformation of the new approach in the domain of history is seen as a two-pronged advantages of the fundamental role in the nation building development while ensuring the survival of history disciplines remain relevant just like other disciplines in the mainstream of the national education system.
USE OF COLLOCATIONS IN ESSAY WRITING BY FOREIGN ARABIC LANGUAGE LEARNERS
No full textSeveral advancements are being made in the field of foreign language learning with the aim of facilitating the learning process and rendering it more accessible. Among these advancements are collocations which are an important aspect of foreign language learning, as they greatly enhance fluency and accuracy in language learning. The current study aims to explore the impact of collocations on the improvement of essay writing among Arabic learners as a foreign language in Nigeria. In this study, a quasi-experimental design was adopted, incorporating pre and post-test measurements. Seventy (70) undergraduate students from an intact class in the third year at the Department of Arabic during the 2022/2023 session at Umaru Musa Yar’adua University Katsina, Nigeria, were purposefully selected to participate in this essay writing training. The participants were divided into an experimental (n=35) and a control (n=35) group. During the training session, the data were collected through essay writing in pre and post-tests. An inferential statistic was employed to evaluate the significant difference between the two groups, thereby enabling the researchers to make a decision. The study found that the overall experimental group (M = 58.60, SD = 13.705) scored higher than the control group (M = 40.17, SD = 5.08). The independent sample t-test result was t (7.45), (p = .000). Therefore, there was a significant difference between the two groups. This implies that collocations play a vital role in enhancing the essay writing performance of Arabic learners as a foreign language at Umaru Musa Yar’adua University Katsina, Nigeria. It should be a great idea for instructors of Arabic as a foreign language at the Umaru Musa Yar’adua University, Katsina, Nigeria to prioritize collocations in their classroom activities, especially when teaching Arabic essay writing. The significance of the study lies in the potential of integrating collocations in the context of instructing Arabic essay writing to learners of Arabic as a foreign language. In addition, the findings can be advantageous to the university’s management by improving the Arabic syllabus and incorporating collocations to enhance the learning of Arabic essay writing. Finally, the study is beneficial to the participants because it helps them learn the Arabic language through its original forms and structure. 
ISLAMIC COOPERATIVES: OPERATIONS AND EVIDENCE FROM ORGANIZATION OF ISLAMIC COOPERATION (OIC) COUNTRIES
No full textThe Islamic finance industry has only been dominated with Islamic banking, Takaful, Islamic capital, and the money market, although, the Islamic cooperative (I-Coop), which is a non-financial institution in most cases is yet to be fully adopted in the contemporary Muslim societies. The Islamic cooperative can be a development reform tool or a social and economic growth method, it can be used to offer interest-free loans and to cover specific demands in rural and urban settings. The main purpose of this study is to investigate Islamic cooperative operations in some OIC countries. This study adopted the content analysis method by reviewing literature as the evidence to demonstrate and provide insights into various critical factors that have prompted the establishment of Islamic cooperatives in some OIC countries. Samples of literature for OIC countries were found and examined. Three I-Coop membercountries were given focus to (Malaysia, Indonesia, and Nigeria). The findings show that Islamic cooperatives only exist in few OIC countries. It was found that the OIC countries have emphasised more on operating Islamic banking rather than Islamic cooperatives. It was also noticed that the lack of the well-regulated Islamic cooperatives in these countries is due to lack of the government support to established it. However, in Nigeria, the Islamic cooperative is considered new, but the study found various types of Islamic cooperatives already operating there. Lastly, based on the experiences of the Islamic cooperatives in the selected countries, the study suggested creating more awareness, promotions, and guidelines most especially within the OIC countries
A REVIEW OF A FINTECH FINANCING PLATFORM: POTENTIAL AND CHALLENGES OF ISLAMIC CROWDFUNDING TO ENTREPRENEURS
No full textThe emergence of financial technology, known as fintech, has altered the landscape of traditional financial institutions. Broadly defined, fintech is the application of technology in finance. Conventional and Islamic crowdfunding platforms are fintech innovations that offer a great alternative to traditional financial lenders like banks. This paper aims to provide insights regarding crowdfunding as an alternative fundraising source for entrepreneurs, especially start-ups, who usually face financial challenges. This paper uses a deskresearch methodology to review the extant literature on crowdfunding as an entrepreneur\u27s funding source. Findings show that crowdfunding adoption is rapidly increasing and is embraced by many underserved entrepreneurs. As a promising alternative, it offers excellent potential by providing services at a lower transaction cost and greater efficiency. It also covers a broader market penetration. Islamic crowdfunding benefits even more, as the nature of Islamic financing helps to curb excessive credit expansion, thus helpingto stabilise the economy. The application and importance of Islamic crowdfunding are in line with the three classes of Maqasid-Shariah, which are darūrāt (necessities), ḥājīyāt (needs), and taḥsīnīyāt (luxuries). Nevertheless, crowdfunding is not without problems and challenges. Major problems usually arise from regulatory and fraud issues, such as stolen ideas and lack of proper regulations. This paper may help create awareness about crowdfunding, its potential, and its challenges to entrepreneurs. The findings may alsoserve as reference points for future researchers to examine further the issues and challenges in the crowdfunding industry, especially Islamic crowdfunding, in promoting competency and sustainability for entrepreneurs\u27 interests
Machine Learning Models for Behavioural Diversity of Asian Elephants Prediction Using Satellite Collar Data
No full textAnalysis of animal movement data using statistical applications and machine learning has developed rapidly in line with the developmentand use of various tracking devices. Location and movement data at temporal and spatial scales are collected using the Global PositioningSystem (GPS) to estimate the location of animals. In contrast, installing a satellite collar can ensure continuous monitoring, as the receiveddata will be sent directly to the electronic mailbox. Nevertheless, identifying an exact pattern of elephant activity from satellite collar data is still challenging. This study aimed to propose a machine learning model to predict the behavioural diversity of Asian elephants. The study involved four main phases, including two levels of model development, to produce initial and primary classification models. The phases were data collection and preparation, data labelling and initial classification model development, all data classification, and primary classification model development. The elephant behaviour data were collected from the satellite collars attached to five elephants, three males and two females, in forest reserves from 2018 to 2020 by the Department of Wildlife and National Parks, Malaysia. The study’s outcome was a novel classification model that can predict the behaviour of the Asian elephant movement. The findings showed that the XGBoost method could produce the predictive model to classify Asian elephants’ behaviour with 100 percent accuracy. This study revealed the capability of machine learning to identify behaviour classes and decision-making in setting initiatives to preserve this species in the future
THE EFFECTS OF HAVING ACCOUNTING KNOWLEDGE ON STARTUPS IN KLANG VALLEY, MALAYSIA
No full textAccounting knowledge is considered the most important knowledge that entrepreneurs and startups should have. In addition, accounting knowledge allows its users to identify and solve the financial problems within a business, which also assists them in the process of decision-making. However, many of the startups have only the knowledge of their own profession, which they have been educated for. The aims of this paper are to find out the effects of having basic accounting knowledge, cash management knowledge, and short-term financing knowledge on startups’ success. The research yet to be done suggesting a quantitative method to be used in gathering the required information from the targeted respondents within the area of Klang Valley, Malaysia, to identify the relationship between the variables of accounting knowledge and startups’ success. However, the suggested targeted population startups and entrepreneurs who have their own business without considering the registration status of their business, and the author believes that the aims of the study will be presented fairly by targeting the mentioned population. Therefore, the paper will be based on a literature review and further recommendations for the continuation of the research
THE SOCIAL RESILIENCE OF URBAN POVERTY TOWARD QUALITY OF LIFE IN KUALA LUMPUR
No full textUrban poverty in Malaysia has become a more prominent problem that is increasingly risking the quality of life. Meanwhile, resilience plays a very vital role in poor urban communities. Poverty will hinder sustainable development and a better quality of life. Improving the quality of life has always been the focus of the Malaysian government. Recent years have seen attempts to address this need for more community resilience research that investigates the impacts of poverty. Thus, examining a community’s resilience to poverty will produce communities that are resilient to urban pressures and challenges to improve their quality of life. This study aims to evaluate the social resilience of urban poverty toward quality of life in Kuala Lumpur. This study showed that higher resilience in poor communities can be justified by determining social resilience, such as participation in the community, decision-making and community trust. This study used quantitative methods for data collection. The questionnaire was administered using a sample of 400 respondents from urban poor households in Kuala Lumpur. Descriptive and correlation regression analysis was in this study. The findings of this study showed that the relationship between social resilience, participation in the community of the urban poor in Kuala Lumpur, and quality of life is significant
MONETARY POLICY AND STOCK PRICE BEHAVIOUR OF BANKS IN NIGERIA: A PANEL DYNAMIC CO-INTEGRATION APPROACH
No full textThis study was conducted to examine effect of monetary policy on stock prices of listed banks in Nigeria. Specifically, the study examined effects of broad money supply, Treasury bill rate, monetary policy rate, exchange rate, cash reserve ratio, lending rate and savings deposit rate on stock prices of 15 listed banks on the Nigerian Stock Exchange as at 31st December, 2019. The study employed descriptive statistics, panel dynamic ordinary least squares and panel causality analysis to analyze quarterly data of stock price (STP) and monetary policy variables from 2006 to 2019. Results of the panel dynamic ordinary least squares (PDOLS) show that for banks, broad money supply (M2), monetary policy rate (MPR), exchange rate (EXCH) and interest on savings (SDR) significantly affect stock price negatively (p =0.0147; p =0.0000; p = 0.0110 and p = 0.0003 for M2, MPR, EXCH and SDR respectively). Treasury bill rate (TBR) significantly affects stock price positively (p = 0.0000) while cash reserve ratio (CRR) and lending rate (LDR) have insignificant effect on stock prices of banks. We recommend that Nigerian banks should be more pro-active in managing effects of monetary policy announcements to avert prolonged negative effects of such policies on their stock prices. We also advocate a re-appraisal of MP tools vis-à-vis stock market expansion goal by the Central Bank of Nigeria
RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THE INSTRUMENT FOR MEASURING MALAYSIAN POLYTECHNIC ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATORS’ PERCEPTION TOWARDS THE CEFR IMPLEMENTATION
No full textThis study set out to find out how Malaysian Polytechnic English language instructors felt about the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages’ launch (CEFR). The literature review highlighted the issues with changing policies, adapting curricula, and the difficulties experienced by English language teachers. 30 English educators of different Malaysian polytechnics were approached and requested to complete a self-administered questionnaire via Google Forms to obtain the data. The response was analyzed for reliability and validity with Cronbach’s alpha and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Three key factors were recognized and validated using Exploratory Factor Analysis: the educators’ familiarity, the educators’ acceptance, and the educators’ challenges. The questionnaire, which consists of 15 items and uses a 6-point Likert scale with 5 = Agree, 4 = Slightly Agree, 3 = Slightly Disagree, 2 = Disagree, and 1 = Strongly Disagree, has been shown to be extremely dependable.