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THE INTERNAL AUDIT EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANIES IN CAMEROON: A STUDY OF ITS DETERMINANTS
No full textInternal audit effectiveness plays a crucial role in enhancing corporate governance, financial transparency, and risk management, yet its determinants remain a subject of debate, especially in developing economies. This study examines the key factors influencing internal audit effectiveness in public limited companies across the three regions of Cameroon. Using a quantitative research approach, data were collected through structured questionnaires from 60 public limited companies operating in these three regions. The ordinary least squares enable us to highlight that the relationship between internal and external auditors and the outsourcing of internal audit functions significantly enhance internal audit effectiveness, supporting the agency theory by demonstrating the value of independent monitoring mechanisms. However, the size of the internal audit team, the presence of an internal control system, board independence, and CEO duality do not exhibit a significant effect, suggesting that audit quality depends more on governance structures, enforcement mechanisms, and auditor competence rather than these traditional factors. These results have important implications for corporate governance in Cameroon, pointing out that it\u27s necessary to improve coordination between auditors, strategic outsourcing, and stronger regulatory enforcement rather than merely expanding audit teams or relying on internal controls. The study contributes to the growing body of literature on internal auditing in emerging markets and provides recommendations for policymakers, corporate leaders, and future research
STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN THE FUTURE OF WORK: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION, INCLUSION, AND SUSTAINABILITY
No full textThe global workforce is undergoing rapid transformation, driven by advancements in technology, growing environmental concerns, and changing societal expectations. These forces have significantly redefined the field of Human Resource Management (HRM). This systematic literature review examines the crucial role of HRM in addressing the emerging challenges and complexities of the future of work. Despite growing academic and practical interest in this area, a lack of consolidated knowledge persists, hindering the mapping of multifaceted challenges and strategic responses required of HR professionals. This review employed a structured methodology, grounded in the PRISMA framework, to address this gap, utilizing advanced searches across the Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science databases. The keywords "human resource management," "future," and "work" guided the search, resulting in a refined selection of 31 recent and peer-reviewed articles for in-depth analysis. The synthesis of findings revealed three core thematic clusters shaping the discourse: (1) Strategic and Inclusive Human Resource Practices in Evolving Workplaces, highlighting the integration of equity, diversity, and inclusive leadership in response to changing workforce demographics and expectations; (2) Technology, Digital Transformation, and the Future of Work, emphasizing the implications of artificial intelligence, algorithmic management, and virtual environments on HR functions and employee experiences; and (3) Green HRM, Sustainability, and Global Workforce Challenges, focusing on the growing alignment between HRM practices and environmental sustainability goals, particularly through green training, leadership, and employee engagement. The synthesis concludes that the future relevance of HRM hinges on its ability to integrate strategic inclusivity, ethical technology adoption, and green practices into a cohesive, human-centric framework. The findings provide a comprehensive foundation for scholars, practitioners, and policymakers seeking to advance HRM strategies in an increasingly volatile and complex world of work
IT, DIGITAL PLATFORMS, AND ORGANIZATIONAL CAPABILITIES IN ENHANCING LIBRARY AGILITY: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIAN ACADEMIC AND PUBLIC LIBRARIES
No full textThis study explores how information technology (IT) capabilities, digital platforms, and organizational capabilities collectively influence the agility of public and academic libraries in Indonesia. As libraries worldwide face accelerating digital transformation, agility has become a strategic requirement for sustaining relevance and service excellence. Employing a quantitative design, this research surveyed 100 libraries 50 public and 50 academics across various Indonesian regions. The results demonstrate that IT capabilities, digital platforms, and organizational capabilities significantly and positively contribute to library agility, with digital platforms emerging as the most influential factor. The findings confirm that libraries possessing robust IT infrastructure, integrated digital platforms, and adaptive organizational structures are better equipped to respond to technological disruptions and evolving user needs. Grounded in the dynamic capabilities’ framework, the study provides both theoretical and practical insights into how libraries can sense, seize, and reconfigure their resources to maintain strategic responsiveness. The paper concludes with implications for library leaders and policymakers seeking to advance digital maturity and organizational flexibility in the knowledge sector
BEYOND THE CV: MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION MODELING FOR STRATEGIC INTERNSHIP SELECTION
No full textThe process of internship selection is an important phase of organisational talent development, especially in the consultancy market, where interns are expected to fit into the working environment quickly. The process of making decisions, however, is mostly subjective and not based on a structured assessment system. The objective of this study is to create a guided decision model of internship selection based on a fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making model. This study has developed a Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (Fuzzy TOPSIS) to rank internship applicants. The current model is illustrated in a case study conducted at an engineering consultancy firm in Malaysia. Based on the case study, several main criteria were used to develop the decision model, including demographic factors, academic background, communication competency, interpersonal competency, and managerial competency. The findings suggest that behavioural and organizational capabilities have a more substantial impact on a candidate\u27s suitability than academic factors alone. The candidate with the top score has shown moderation across various criteria rather than leadership in one attribute. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the robustness of the ranking outcomes. Empirical research has demonstrated the applicability of the approach to the strategic vendor selection issue. 
PARTY SYSTEM, INTERNAL CRISIS AND GOVERNANCE IN NIGERIA
No full textInternal party conflict is a recurring phenomenon in multiparty democracies. This phenomenon is centered on the struggle for power and control, which all party governments and non-party governments coveted. This has led to party disorganization, fractionalization, and the movement of party members to other political parties, thereby leading to the proliferation of more political parties by some party founders and chieftains in order to realize their political ambitions, despite the enormous resources and sacrifices they made on the old party platforms. The paper argues that internal conflicts have affected party organizations cum members with several consequences on democracy and delivery of democratic governance because the party governments have concentrated their attention on the crises in their political parties, as opposed to the provision of public utilities such as infrastructure, healthcare system, security, goods, and social services. The effect of internal crises made the ruling political parties, nationally and state-wise, contribute largely to poor governance in the country. The paper concludes that the internal conflicts in party system in Nigeria can be eliminated if the party organizations adhere to extant laws and believe in the sanctity of democracy that a loser in an electoral contest can actually become a winner someday as well as to concentrate on the provision of democratic dividends for the people of Nigeria
EFFECTS OF MOONLIGHTING ON EMPLOYEE-SPECIFIC FACETS IN INDIA: A COMPARISON BETWEEN MOONLIGHTERS AND NON-MOONLIGHTERS
No full textThe controversy over moonlighting has sparked new investigations into its practices. In this regard, the goal of this study is to assess the gap between moonlighters and non-moonlighters in India with regard to personal concerns such as mental wellbeing, work-related stress, and job satisfaction. To investigate this issue, a sample comprising 1082 employees from 10 cities in India was chosen. The effect of moonlighting on the following seven personal domains of an individual’s life: mental health, physical health, socio-personal relationships, work performance, work-life balance, stress, and job satisfaction were analyzed using a Multivariate analysis of Variance (MANOVA). The analysis revealed statistically significant results. In addition, a multiple univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to explore the distinctions between moonlighters and non-moonlighters with regard to the personal attributes of subjects in the study sample. Results indicate that the non-moonlighters showed better mental and physical health compared to the moonlighters. Furthermore, non-moonlighters also demonstrated better socio-personal relations and work performance, lower stress levels, and higher overall job satisfaction compared to moonlighters. Despite this, moonlighters appear to have a better work-life balance relative to non-moonlighters
ANXIETY AND INTRINSIC MOTIVATION IN LEARNING MATHEMATICS: A STUDY OF INDEPENDENT CHINESE SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN MALAYSIA
No full textPurpose – Mathematical literacy plays an important role in the current world. Despite important improvement in curriculum standards, secondary school students in Malaysia still perform poorly in international assessments. There are several possible reasons for this problematic state of affairs, but it is chiefly due to high mathematics anxiety, low intrinsic motivation in learning the subject, and questionable teaching modalities. To better understand the factors and potential solutions, the present study has examined the prevalence of mathematics anxiety and intrinsic motivation in learning mathematics in independent Chinese secondary schools in Malaysia. It is aimed at exploring the students’ lived experiences and views about an ideal mathematics learning environment.
Methodology – A mixed-study approach was adopted. The quantitative study selected 379 Form 1 students from independent Chinese secondary schools to complete a set of questionnaires on mathematics anxiety and intrinsic motivation in mathematics. The qualitative aspect of the study included 20 students from the quantitative study to participate in one-on-one interviews. Descriptive statistics obtained from using IBM SPSS Statistic 22 were used to interpret the quantitative data, while a step-by-step process of analysis was used to interpret the qualitative data.
Findings – Findings from the present study revealed moderate levels of mathematics anxiety and intrinsic motivation in learning mathematics among students. Based on findings from the qualitative aspect of the study, the factors causing these issues and the proposed solutions for them were discussed.
Novelty – The present study sheds light on the challenges faced, factors identified, and solutions proposed for addressing mathematics anxiety and intrinsic motivation in learning mathematics. These recommendations may serve as a guide when designing teaching modalities that can better meet students\u27 learning needs.
Significance – It is suggested that education practitioners shift their mindset from merely raising the difficulties in enacting the mathematics curriculum to developing teaching modalities that can ease students\u27 mathematics anxiety and increase their intrinsic motivation in learning mathematics
AUGMENTED REALITY IN EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF APPLICATIONS AND IMPACTS ON STUDENT PERFORMANCE
No full textPurpose – This study conducts a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to examine how Augmented Reality (AR) contributes to student performance, with particular attention to engagement, cognitive skills, and academic achievement across different educational contexts. While interest in AR has increased, the evidence remains fragmented, and its impacts on learning outcomes require clearer synthesis.
Methodology – To achieve this, we performed a comprehensive search of scholarly articles using reputable databases like Web of Science (WoS) as well as Scopus, concentrating on studies published between 2020 and 2024. The study followed the PRISMA framework. A total of 30 articles were examined, and the final primary data was assessed.
Findings – The review indicates that AR consistently enhances student engagement and motivation, strengthens cognitive development and problem-solving skills, and provides interactive support for special and inclusive education. However, the impact of AR on academic achievement is mixed, with some studies showing measurable gains while others report only indirect benefits.
Significance – The findings suggest that AR can enrich learning when integrated purposefully into teaching strategies, particularly in STEM and healthcare education. Nonetheless, long-term impacts remain underexplored, underscoring the need for longitudinal studies and teacher training to maximize its effectiveness.
Originality/Value – This review contributes by mapping AR applications across primary, secondary, and higher education, synthesizing evidence of their effects on student performance, and clarifying conditions under which AR can be most effective for meaningful learning outcomes
STRATEGIC ANALYSIS CASE STUDY: IHH HEALTHCARE BERHAD
No full textThis paper conducts a strategic business analysis of IHH Healthcare Berhad, a global leader in the private healthcare sector, by integrating qualitative and quantitative tools. This case study examines the strategic position of IHH using a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis based on secondary data sources, including IHH’s official annual reports, audited financial statements, industry reports, news articles, Bursa Malaysia Stock Exchange, and various financial websites. The findings suggest that IHH’s strong financial standing, diversified services, strategic acquisitions, and digital innovations are internal strengths, complemented by favourable macroeconomic and net positive landscapes as external strengths that position it well for sustained growth. The paper identifies regulatory constraints, medical talent shortages, and liquidity risks as ongoing challenges. IHH’s earnings peaked at RM20,660 million in 2023, generated significantly by earnings from Türkiye and Singapore. IHH shows an upward trajectory through revenue diversification, with improvements in profitability, rising EBITDA, sound debt management, and operational efficiency. IHH’s liquidity ratios are potential areas for improvement, but overall, they also point towards its healthy cash reserves. IHH is likely to continue to dominate the healthcare market share and earn solid returns. Four strategic options are proposed—expanding medical tourism and retirement services, vertical integration of supply chains, enhanced public–private partnerships, and investment in AI capabilities. Based on a QSPM model, medical tourism emerges as the most attractive strategy. This case offers valuable insights for business leaders, policymakers, and investors in healthcare strategy and transformation
GREEN FINANCE AND PRACTICES OF MALAYSIAN BANKS, THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS AND CHALLENGES
No full textThis research delves into green finance and green banking practices, an area well-known within academia and the financial industry. However, there is still much to uncover, especially the environmental impacts they bring. Although various studies have been conducted on these topics, their scopes vary, and their findings are mixed. Due to limited data availability, this study extracted information on green finance and green practices through climate related disclosure from reports of four selected Malaysian banks and relevant environmental data from respective websites. Using the data collected for 2017-2022, green finance, green practices and environmental data were descriptively analyzed. Pooled Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression was used to examine four dependent variables and determine the implications of green finance (total proceed of green finance) and green practices (total logarithm of greenhouse gas emissions by banks) on the environment. The study\u27s findings indicated significant effects of green finance by the Malaysian banks on the environment. Moreover, the study identified two potential challenges that could impede Malaysian banks\u27 implementation of green finance. This underscores the importance of future studies on green finance to address these challenges and utilize larger sample sizes, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative data on green finance.