Asia e University Repository
Not a member yet
1042 research outputs found
Sort by
Representation of Language, Ideology and Power in Pakistani Budget Speeches 2016- 2021
Get PDFPolitics is a discipline which involves common man and politician at same level apparently; the language of this field is normally termed political discourse. Generally, all speeches either they are victory, inaugural, parliament, election campaign or budget are included in political discourse; hence, politicians design their speeches considering their objectives important not the needs of their people. They do not present the neutral picture of their plans, goals, intentions and ideologies in speeches rather their words are multi-layered and dubious. Therefore, the present study objectifies to analyse Pakistani budget speeches on three levels e.g. (i) to investigate the textual discourse through the representation of language use, ideology and power in Pakistani budget speeches (ii) to synthesize discourse practices through the representation of language use, ideology and power in Pakistani budget speeches (iii) to develop the social practices through the representation of language use, ideology and power in Pakistani budget speeches from 2016-2021. The present research is a mixed method research for it involves qualitative and quantitative paradigm because the frequencies have been taken through software and the features have been studies through actual instances. The analysis has been conducted through three-dimensional model given by Fairclough (1995). Moreover, to investigate the objectives distinctly, two separate corpora of Pakistani budget speeches have been complied viz. from 2016 to 2018 one corpus and from 2019 to 2021 the other corpus. The reason behind forming two corpora was that these speeches were delivered by two different political speeches as, speeches from 2016 to 2018 have been declared by Pakistan Muslim League-Noon (PML-N) and from 2019 to 2021 have been presented by Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaaf (PTI). At next step, both the corpora have been tagged through CLAWS tagger C7 to select the certain parts of speech and additionally, a software named Antconc has been used to get the accurate frequencies of certain words and to make the results more impartial. Each objective of has been attained through a detailed manual analysis of each category. Every category has been decisively set on the basis of chosen words from data. The study justifies the objectives very explicitly; in Pakistan, both the parties declare budget on same pattern which indicates that in Pakistani context politicians have their own set objectives which they attain through language use, by practicing power and promote their own ideology. Besides this, it also reveals that although, the speeches have been delivered in different years by different finance ministers but the dilemma is that no change occurred in budget discourse. Conclusively, the study portrays too that both the governments have their own goals which they have surely attained in their tenures. As, the study is pioneer in the domain of budget discourse therefore, the research is significant because it opens brand new ways to analyse budget speeches. Furthermore, a model has been generated to analyse budget discourse based on 3D model that is the most striking feature of this study and this model will be used in future to analyse the said speeches from different perspectives namely: Budget Speeches of all political parties, budget of different countries, choose large size of data, apply other models of CDA, budget of developing and developed countries, phrase and clause formation and different levels of linguistics (see 5.5)
Cross-Industry Determinants of Capital Structure: Evidence from Malaysia Public-Listed Companies
Get PDFThe main objective of this thesis is to investigate the determinants of capital structure of the firms in the Malaysian capital market for seven sectors; this paper aims to study how capital structure differs across the industry in Malaysian public listed companies. New evidence from sector-specific panel models; and the conclusions in this study; firstly, the firms’ profitability is the most important determinant, followed by firm size and GDP, and the determinants of capital structure differ between industries, according to new sector-specific models. These findings add to the stylized facts of sector�specific capital structure factors. Secondly, the paper investigates whether capital structure differs between large and small firms. Evidence from Malaysian Public Listed Companies; the study aimed to examine the capital structure and the leverage used in Malaysian public listed firms. This study examines firms' capital structure in the Malaysian stock market. Based on 265 non-financial firms from the seven sectors between 2010–2018, our sample firms are further divided into small and large firms. Our results show that, on average, small firms recorded more leverage than large firms, except for the plantation and property sectors. Second, the Fixed Effect Model with a robust standard error, Quantile regression, and system GMM model show that
profitability and size are significant for large and small firms. Lastly, sector-specific models show that the most important determinants are profitability, followed by firm
size and GDP growth. These new sector-specific models show that the determinants of capital structure differ across different industries. These findings contribute to the
stylized facts of sector-specific determinants of capital structure concerning large and small firms. Thirdly, the paper studies the nexus between financial leverage and board
independence of public-listed firms: is there any stylized fact? This study examines the relationship between financial leverage and board independence for firms listed in the Malaysian stock market. Based on a sample of 265 non-financial firms listed on Bursa Malaysia from 2014 to 2018. These results indicate the importance of independent directors for old, large, or low-profitability firms in reducing their financial leverage. These findings highlight the relevance of independent directors in decreasing financial leverage for old, large, or low-profit companies. These findings support the stylized facts of the link between financial leverage and board independence. This study makes several significant contributions to existing capital structure studies. This work contributed to the development of a model of determinants of the capital structure by combining factors relevant to the businesses, culture, shareholders, policymakers, and manager behavior. This research also offers insight into shareholder and managers' financing preferences with appropriate implementations for researchers, investors, financial providers, and policy makers. The research results will assist shareholders and managers in making optimal capital
structure decisions, and policymakers will make effective financing policies
Factors Influencing the Success of the Information Systems Strategic Planning at Higher Educational Institutions in Indonesia
Get PDFThis study focuses on the proposed development of a successful model of Information Systems Strategic Planning (ISSP) at Higher Education in Indonesia and its evaluation. In the current era of uncertainty in the evolution of ISSPs, complete ISSP success factors are needed. This research was conducted because at that time the success model of ISSP in Higher Education in Indonesia was only determined by the success factors, which are partial in number, namely only one factor and are considered incomplete. The methodology to solve this problem is carried out by adopting a combination of the 2003 Delone and McLean model whose forming factors have been modified, namely Planning System Quality, Product Quality, System Delivery Quality, Use, Satisfaction, and ISSP Net Benefit factor as well as additional adjustment factors to the ISSP context, namely the Facilitator factor as the human aspect and independent factor, namely the Culture factor. The research evaluation used a quantitative approach, with the distribution of questionnaires at an early stage to test the questionnaire as an instrument, and then continued with pretest and pilot test activities which produced instruments that had met the reliability and validity. The next stage is the distribution of the questionnaires and the data is filtered by purposive sampling technique with a total of 223 samples. Processing of this sample data used the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method. Evaluation of statistical test results concluded that all factors have a significant role in the success of ISSP, but the effect and level of importance are different results. The factors that significantly influence the success of ISSP are the System Delivery Quality factor and the Culture factor. The system Delivery Quality factor is also a mediating factor with a significant influence on success. Other factors such as Facilitator, Satisfaction, Planning System Quality, Product Quality, Use factor and their combination have no significant effect on the success of ISSP. Based on the level of importance, it is also concluded that there are only three factors that have a high level of importance, namely Culture, System Delivery Quality and Satisfaction factors, while other factors have a low level of importance
Shared Leadership and Organizational Performance in DKI Jakarta
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to describe how leadership shares in improving organizational performance. The research method uses a quantitative approach. Data were collected from respondents, totaling 120 employees who served at the DKI Jakarta Tourism Office. The 120 respondents were taken from a total population of 668 employees using the Slovin formula with simple random sampling technique. The results of the study indicate that shared leadership is reflected by establishing teamwork; conduct training and system development; provide rewards to employees; build a strong work culture; build communication; directing subordinates to commitment has been able to improve organizational performance well
The Ethical Implication of Using Artificial Intelligence in Hiring and Promotion Decisions
Get PDFA substantial increase in the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the field of human resources, notably in the recruiting and promotion processes. This study investigates the ethical implications of using AI technology in these critical organizational choices. As AI-driven algorithms become more common in personnel management, the potential benefits of enhanced efficiency and impartiality must be balanced against the ethical considerations that arise. This study digs into the issues of algorithmic fairness, focusing on techniques for reducing prejudice in AI-driven recruiting and promotion systems. We investigate the significance of transparent AI procedures and techniques for holding AI systems responsible for their outputs and the ethical concerns of data usage, storage, and security in AI-powered human resource systems
System Continuance Model for Local E-Government in Indonesia
Get PDFInformation and communication technology promises efficiency, speed of information delivery, global reach, and transparency. The development of information and communication technology gave rise to e-government which is a public service model that is carried out online – including in Indonesia. The development of the e-government system in Indonesia has begun to increase in quantity, but the quality is still lacking because the implementation of e-government is not evenly distributed in all regions. In addition, many local e-government projects and local government ongoing use have resulted in significant failure rates. This study aims to determine the level of relevance of the system continuance model in measuring the continuance of local e-government in Indonesia. In addition, this study also aims to find out what factors influence the continuance of local e-government in Indonesia. The research
conducted includes quantitative research. The population selected for this research is selected citizens who use local e-government in Indonesia. A total of 390 valid samples were taken and determined based on non-probability sampling using convenience sampling from local e-government users in Indonesia. Valid data were analyzed with
SmartPLS 3.0 software using the partial least squares structural equation modelling method with the partial least squares path modelling approach. Variation accounts for
70.2 percent of the total between system use factors and user satisfaction explained by the continuance of the system. The findings from hypothesis testing reveal that nine hypotheses have a significant effect that are supported, except for seven that are not supported, including those that damage the continuance of the system. This finding confirms the importance of quality, meeting citizens' expectations in terms of ease of use and feasibility of e-government support facilities, proven in this study to be the most important factor in the literature on the continuance of e-government systems. This study also provides some fundamental implications for local government
agencies. Theoretically, this integrated model can enrich the model for predicting the continuance of e-government systems. Then, in practical terms, this research provides
an appropriate approach for stakeholders in government organizations in Indonesia to determine what factors influencing the continuance of local e-government systems
need to be considered in order to obtain the highest benefits from e-government projects in Indonesia. Finally, the proposed model shows that it is necessary to improve
the quality factors (system quality, service quality, and information quality), behavioural factors (expectation and feasibility)
Perceived Challenges and Solutions in Implementing E-Learning as Edutainment Approach Among Educators and Students at Selected Universities in Malaysia
Get PDFEdutainment involves the practice of teaching and learning in a light-hearted and informal setting, utilizing techniques such as role-playing, simulations, and games.
Despite e-learning being the primary platform for delivering lessons in current educational institutions, the application of e-learning as an edutainment strategy is comparatively new within Malaysia's educational system. This study aims to investigate the challenges and solutions associated with the implementation of e-learning as an edutainment approach among educators and students at higher educational levels. The study further explores the correlation between educators' and students' demographic data and their perceived challenges in the implementation of e-learning as an edutainment approach. Employing a quantitative methodology, two distinct sets of questionnaires were administered to educators and students, respectively, as research instruments. The sample comprised 170 educators and 350 Bachelor of Arts (BA) students selected from five higher educational institutions in the Klang Valley, Malaysia, using random sampling techniques. Results indicate that
both educators (M=4.32) and students (M=4.34) perceive challenges at a high level, while the perceived solutions for educators (M=4.15) and students (M=4.23) also rank
at a high level. Chi-Square and Binary Regression analyses reveal that educators' gender, age, teaching experience, and familiarity with edutainment significantly correlate with and predict the perceived challenges in implementing e-learning as an edutainment approach. Conversely, students' gender, age, and familiarity with edutainment do not significantly predict perceived challenges. In conclusion, implementing e-learning through an edutainment approach can be an effective teaching and learning strategy, provided educators and students are equipped to address associated challenges. This study has practical implications for both educators and students, offering a range of solutions to overcome challenges tied to the implementation of e-learning as an edutainment approach
Influence of Leadership Styles and Work Orientations on Employee Performance in the Jakarta Islamic Banking Industry
Get PDFLeadership styles can have both positive and negative effect on employee performance, and the effectiveness of a particular style depends on the organization‘s goals, the leader‘s personality, and the dynamics of the team. Appropriate leadership styles is a critical factor in employee performance. The study aims to investigate the
effect of leadership styles and work orientations on employee performance within the Jakarta Islamic banking industry. The research design used for this study is
descriptive. A pilot test was carried out prior to data collection to confirm the validity and dependability of the study instrument. This study used a questionnaire and a field survey to gauge employee performance. Using a purposive sampling technique, a total of 364 employees Islamic banks, from sample 12 commercial Islamic bank and
sharia business unit. PLS-SEM was employed for the data analysis. The findings of the study that leadership styles both situational leadership and path goal leadership,
both of which have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. The findings also demonstrate that work orientation, which has a favorable and significant effect on the performance of Islamic bank employees. This study suggests that leaders in Islamic banks should encourage positive innovation and creativity,
leaders are willing to listen to employees' expectations and are willing to discuss with employees to achieve better performance
Influence of Organisational Climate and Personal Factors on the Teaching Self-Efficacy of Nursing Educators Teaching in Higher Education Institutions in Pakistan
Get PDFNursing education in Pakistan has undergone significant changes since last years. The most important is transition of nursing diploma into degree programme. Due to this transition, higher education institutions in Pakistan are indeed relying on experiencedclinical nursing educators to assume the role of an academic educator. This can cause role strain and consequently, nursing educators may experience inability to efficiently teach nursing students in the classroom. Further, organisational climate of higher educational institutions may also call in question the quality of education nursing educators deliver. Thus, this co-relational study was conducted to determine the relationship of organisational climate and the influence of personal factors on their classroom teaching-efficacy. This study also determined the nursing educators’ personal and organisational level best predictors of teaching efficacy. Purposive sampling technique was employed. Study was conducted in twelve medical universities of Pakistan considering the nursing educators as study population. Two hundred and twenty nursing educators qualifying inclusion criteria were considered as sample. Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale and Organisational Climate Description Questionnaire for Higher Education were employed to assess nursing educators’ perception of teaching efficacy and organisational climate. Mean & SD were calculated for nursing educators’ demographics and self-efficacy dimensions. Analysis of Variance was conducted to assess differences among teaching self-efficacy dimensions with regard to personal factors of age and teaching experience. Significance of differences between pairs of age and teaching experience groups means was calculated through Post hoc-tukey test. Independent t test was run to determine the difference in teaching efficacy dimensions with regard to qualifications level. Correlation among organisational climate and teaching efficacy was estimated by correlation coefficient. A multiple regression was conducted to determine best personal and organisation-level predictor. This study has provided evidence that nursing educators senior in age with longer years of teaching experience perceived themselves more competent at facilitating classroom teaching than novice colleagues. Moreover, the study also found that organisational climate impacts nursing educators' teaching efficacy. From personal level predictor, teaching experience and from organisational level predictor consideration; head of department supportive behavior has been found strong predictor of nursing educators’ teaching efficacy. Overall, the findings of this study provide valuable insights into the factors contributing to nursing educators' teaching efficacy. These findings can be used to inform the development and support of nursing educators to ensure that nursing students receive the highest quality education
New Business Venture of Private Higher Education Institution in Malaysia
Get PDFHigher education institutions (HEIs) were formerly seen as some of society's most robust institutions, but are currently experiencing new difficulties as a result of shifts in both government and society's expectations of what they should provide. There is a
global call for new models and practices, which need HEIs to develop what was once
business-reserved management competencies. This study addresses the global call for
HEIs to be more entrepreneurial in nature, by examining the challenges faced by
investors interested in venturing into the industry. The focus of this study is to evaluate
both the opportunities and mechanisms for establishing a new venture in setting up an
entrepreneurial private HEI, with the goal of diversification, capacity building,
providing lifetime education to the people, and contributing to nation-building. A
feasibility study was carried out to explore the background and significant facts
concerning existing private universities in Malaysia; to investigate the path taken by
the founders, and on how the management grew their universities to become successful,
sustainable and respectable education providers. This qualitative study employed in�depth interviews method to collect data. The respondent’s observations and perceptions
of the difficulties and opportunities they encountered in their experience of managing
their respective universities, were assessed through grounded theory using textual
thematic qualitative analysis of their reflective feedback. The findings reveal, among
others, that new ventures into higher education must be spearheaded by entrepreneurial
leadership who are able to develop or enhance dynamic capabilities for successfully
managing a university. These leaders must also capitalize on opportunities available,
and form a team of agile and resilient staff who can whether through any changes in the
environment. The study provides a guideline on the effective and efficient methods of
managing and driving private universities in a profitable manner