Repositori Digital KPT Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi
Not a member yet
129 research outputs found
Sort by
EXPLORING THE FEASIBILITY OF WAQF UNIT TRUST IN MALAYSIA
No full textThe research stimulus arises due to apprehension on the current state of Waqf industry development in Malaysia. Waqf institutions overtly were the anchor and self-sustained economic apparatus of societal welfare in Islamic history. However, numerous literature revealed that current Waqf industry development in Malaysia is predominantly subsistence by the government allocated grants in requisite for development. Thus, this constitutes a potential menace on the durability and sustainability of Waqf development as the government bequests for the Waqf sector have been noticed to shrink over the years. Henceforth, the purpose of this research is to explore through the literature on present Waqf financing and elucidate censure on it. The first division of the research examines the factors that motivate towards the expansion of Waqf institution in Malaysia. Secondly, the research discovers how to develop an alternate Waqf model in fostering liquidity. Further, the third objective explores the perceptions of pertinent stakeholders on the feasibility of the Waqf Unit Trust (WUT) model proposed. Last but not least, the potential issues and challenges in the execution of the model proposed are explored. In addition, deliberation made in compliance with the Security Commission of Malaysia (SC) guidelines while at the same time adhering to Shariah requisite. The research employed the interpretive paradigm and qualitative methodology. In-depth interviews were conducted with 16 Malaysian experts comprise of key executives affiliate to Waqf institutions, State of Islamic Religious Council officers, academicians, fund managers, and key management personnel of the regulatory body of Malaysia using a semi-structured interview guide. The data were analysed with statistical software NVivo 12 as well as manually to enhance the results. Results are presented in constructive style, an interpretive, and inductive approach using qualitative-thematic analysis. The findings designate that unified factors stimulus the expansion of Waqf institution in Malaysia. The factors comprise awareness, cooperation, efficient management, governance and strategies. Interesting insights in exploring the alternate Waqf model found that acknowledgment, product development, and product structure were the critical subject of discussion. While analysing the traditional and modern apparatus of financing, the research elucidates that the needs for alternate financing model were palpable and crucially perceived significance by the majority of respondents. Both viable and unviable discussions are crafted, focusing on the exploratory towards the stance of pertinent stakeholders’ on the aptness of the proposed model. While examining the issues and challenges in the execution of the WUT model, a number of scopes emerge, such the accountability, cognizance, distribution allocation, regulatory, talent, and variant view among Waqf stakeholders. This research pioneer comprehensive investigation to expand and manage Waqf funds through the Unit Trust investment apparatus. The research provides novel evidence on policy recommendations to regulators, government, investors, firms managerial, and academicians. It expects to act at the optimal utilization and distribution of Waqf funds for greater economic health and simultaneously as a remedy to eradicate socio-economic issues confronting the global economy
KECEKAPAN INDUSTRI PENSYARAH POLITEKNIK DAN KESEJAJARANNYA DENGAN KEPERLUAN PASARAN TVET
No full textPembangunan modal insan merupakan laktor kritika! bagi menjana dan mengekalkan pertumbuhan ekonomi negara. Tenaga kerja yang mempunyai kecekapan adalah penting untuk menyokong pembangunan ekonomi dalam sektor industri. Saiah satu 1'aktor yang membantu dalam penghasilan tenaga kerja
berkecekapan tinggi adalah dengan memastikan kecekapan pensyarah di institusi TVET adaiah berkualiti daiam mendidik peiajar supaya seiring dengan keperluan industri. Waiau bagaimanapun, masih lerdapat rungutan dari kalangan majikan kepada pensyarah tentang kekurangan mereka daiam perkembangan semasa dan kurang pengalaman atau pengetahuan induslri dan kadang kala pensyarah juga tidak terdedah dengan kemajuan teknologi dan juga cara kerja yang wujud daiam tempat kerja yang terkini. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan mengenalpasti kecekapan industri yang dimiliki
oleh pensyarah politeknik dan keperluan kecekapan di dalam pasaran TVET seterusnya melihat kesejajaran di antara kedua-duanya. Selain itu kajian ini juga adalah untuk mengenalpasti amalan-amalan yang digunakan dalam penerapan kecekapan
industri di politeknik dan industri. Data diperolehi dengan menggunakan soal selidik dan temubual. Populasi dan persampelan di dalam kajian ini adalah melibatkan
pensyarah-pensyarah politeknik dan pihak industri dalam bidang kejuruteraan. Seramai 252 orang pensyarah politeknik dan 245 responden dari industri telah menjawab soal selidik. Soal selidik dibina berdasarkan enam domain yang telah
dikenalpasti iaitu pengetahuan professional, kemahiran teknologi, kemahiran mengurus maklumat, kemahiran komunikasi dan interpersonal, kemahiran berfikir, dan kualiti personal. Seramai 6 orang peserta lerlibat dalam temu bual semi struktur untuk meninjau dengan lebih mendaiam berkaitan keeekapan industri di kedua-dua organisasi. Data kajian dianalisis menggunakan perisian SPSS versi 22.0 yang melibatkan jumlah skor, min, peralus dan sisihan piawai, ujian-i dan analisis varian. Dapatan kajian yang diperolehi berdasarkan nilai min penguasaan keeekapan industri pensyarah di polileknik adalah berada pada tahap tinggi bagi ke enam-enam domain
kecekapan dengan nilai skor min adalah 4.35, 4.19, 4.17, 4.11, 4.04, dan 3.98. Bagi dapatan kajian terhadap keperluan keeekapan dalam industri juga berada pada tahap
tinggi bagi ke enam-enam domain kecekapan dengan nilai skor min adalah 4.37, 4.29, 4.18, 4.15, 4.02, dan 3.95. Berdasarkan dapatan tersebut kecekapan industri dalam kalangan pensyarah politeknik dan kecekapan yang diperlukan dalam pasaran TVET
mempunyai kesejajaran antara saiu sama lain berdasarkan domain yang dikaji. Walaubagaimanapun aras kesejajaran bagi setiap domain kecekapan tersebut adalah berbeza-beza. Manakala hasil dapaian temubual menunjukkan terdapat keperluan dan kepentingan untuk memiliki pengalaman industri bagi pensyarah TVET dalam memastikan modal insan yang dihasilkan adalah dapat memenuhi kehendak pasaran TVET
ANALYSIS ON THE EFFECT OF COOKING ACTIVITIES AND VENTILATION SYSTEM ON IAQ AND PERCEIVED SYMPTOMS AMONG WORKERS AT SMES FOOD INDUSTRY
No full textCooking activities are known to generate pollutants in the indoor environment which can cause adverse health effects to the occupants. Poor ventilation systems from inefficient mechanical means as well as limited openings would further affect the indoor air quality in an indoor environment to the level which is hazardous to health. Adverse health effects among occupants from poor indoor air quality include respiratory problems, fatigue, heavy-headed, headache, skin, eye and throat irritation, asthma or even death. This study aims to characterise the indoor air environment at small and medium industries which conducting cooking activities as lack of studies
were identified in this sector. Three different cooking methods (frying, boiling and baking) were studied at 14 small and medium (SMEs) food industries selected in Pulau Pinang. The concentration level of IAQ parameters which include particulate
matter in diameter 2.5, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, total volatile organic compounds as well as temperature and relative humidity were measured in-situ through working hours for two consecutive days using EVM-7 and IQ-610 Graywolf. The measurements were then compared to the available standards. Air change rate were measured and the IAQ determinants factors at the food SMEs were observed and identified. These include the cooking methods, types of ventilation systems adopted, type of fuel and cooking devices used and operations of exhaust fan. Besides that, questionnaire survey was administered among SMEs workers to identify the perceived
IAQ symptoms. From the results, CO2, temperature and relative humidity were found to be higher than the standard limits permitted at the three different cooking methods. To add to that, there were inadequate air change per hour which were less than 20 ACH as required by the Factory and Machinery Act (1967) which shows major problem in SMEs food industries. IAQ perceived symptoms among workers were higher in frying food SMEs although the study found that boiling SMEs had higher
number of concentration of pollutants. This study provides evidence that there is
correlation between the level of IAQ parameters with types of ventilation and other determinants. From the analysis of one-way ANOVA, the concentration of IAQ parameters at the SMEs food industries were related to types of cooking methods,
types of ventilation system, type of fuel and cooking devices. Operation of exhaust fan however indicate no effect on CO2 and temperature level. Through Boosted Regression Tree (BRT) analysis, CO2 indicated the highest pollutant to cause complaints by workers followed by CO, temperature and relative humidity. The IAQ in SMEs food industries were poor due to inadequate ventilation systems which affecting the health of the workers. The study indicates the need of immediate corrective actions on indoor air quality and ventilation system towards SMEs food industry. This study provides a preliminary research towards providing a proper procedure and guideline for SMEs food industries. This study also suggests that future research to focus on boiling and frying SMEs with CO2, CO, temperature and relative humidity to be given emphasize. Simulation study related to these parameters might also be considered
DIFFERENTIAL FRAMING EFFECTS FROM VALENCE ON DONATION BEHAVIOUR
No full textRegulatory focus theory is a messaging tool employed to influence consumer behaviour to achieve certain pre-defined goals. Although much research has been dedicated to determine its effectiveness over the past two decades, findings have been inconclusive in determining which of two distinctive aspects of regulatory focus framing, promotion-focus and preventionfocus, is most effective in evoking a favourable response. Therefore, employing a regulatory-focus perspective, this research investigated message valence effects so as to compare supportive framing (promotion-focus) and combative framing (prevention-focus) by analysing (i) text data and (ii) empirical data collected during a series of experimental studies. The text data were obtained by conducting sentiment analyses of an international charity’s historical campaigns, and the experimental studies, whose purpose was to understand the causality and distinct effects of regulatory focus framing, analysed message persuasiveness and donation behaviour. Another aim of this research was to investigate the distinct
effects of the following three important under-researched variables with respect to regulatory focus framing valence: (i)
affective states, (ii) gender, and (iii) political identity. Findings indicate that knowing donors’ values of these variables is
imperative in order to explain why and to what extent some donors’ donation intentions are influenced by a campaign’s
message. Research’s findings therefore extend those obtained in previous research, in which affective state was employed to
mediate differential valence from a regulatory focus, and also demonstrate how gender and political identity may moderate
these effects. Thus, study results provide a more in-depth understanding of how regulatory focus framing can be employed to be most effective, depending on an individual-difference mechanism, thereby influencing message persuasiveness and donation behaviour. Finally, this study will assist non-profit organisations and charities in enhancing the effectiveness of their charitable campaign appeals by allowing improved targeting of potential and current donors
ROLES OF TRADITIONAL LOCAL FOOD IN DEVELOPING LENGGONG VALLEY AS A FOOD TOURISM DESTINATION
No full textIntegrating the relationship between food and tourism destination has been an important issue in the current tourism scenario. Many countries and regions around the world have started to recognize their local food as the core or supporting attraction of the destination. Thus, this study aims to understand and explore the role of local food in developing Lenggong Valley, Perak as a food tourism destination through four main research questions: 1) What is the meaning of Lenggong’s local food?; 2) How local food have been used as promotional tools for Lenggong Valley?; 3) What are the challenges in promoting Lenggong’s local food?; and 4) How local food can be used to develop Lenggong Valley as a food tourism destination?
A qualitative method using case study approach was conducted to explore Lenggong's local food and tourism resource as the context for data collection. A total of 15 informants were involved in this study comprised of traditional local food experts, local food providers, homestay owner and local authorities. The data were primarily gathered through in-depth, semi-structured interviews and supported with relevant information from focus group discussion, participant observation, document analysis and audio-visual materials. Data were further analyzed using the constant comparative method in establishing codes and categories for the development of the main themes to answer the research questions.
The study found that in developing marketing strategies for the food tourism destination, it starts with identifying and classifying the internal resources. Empirical findings show four components of Lenggong's local food. The four components were: 1) practising traditional food culture using natural ingredients, 2) Malay traditional food as main dishes, 3) freshwater fish sources are used as signature dishes and 4) the used of wild edible plants in traditional cooking. The second step was to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses as the efforts and challenges in local food promotion strategy. This step is crucial in developing the core capabilities of a food tourism marketing strategy. The findings of the study indicated that there were five main criteria of local food promotion strategies, namely through 1) organize traditional food festival, 2) document local food as national heritage food, 3) publish traditional recipe books, 4) market local food through commercialization and 5) promote local food through cooking demonstrations. Meanwhile, local stakeholders and authorities faced a few challenges in these promotional efforts such as 1) changing political landscape, 2) local food is underrecognized as a tourist attraction, 3) lack of tourism facilities and 4) issues in the production and preparation of the local food products. The final step, its required suitable marketing strategies for food tourism development based on existing local food resource and tourism strategies. The marketing strategies of food tourism development comprise of four indicators, namely 1) sustain local food as a tourism product, 2) develop food tourism attractions, 3) strengthen local food promotion strategy and 4) improve and enhance tourist facilities.
This study contributes an extended use of food tourism concept and research based theory to construct the rural food tourism framework. This valuable information is advantageous to the state government and related agencies in developing marketing strategies for food tourism destination. Further, it can also benefit the local food producers and homestay providers in offering the traditional local food to the tourists that showcase the identity of Lenggong Valley. Nevertheless, this rural food tourism framework also can be applied to other potential food tourism destinations that might need promotion on their foods using traditional local food to enhance destination attraction and competitive advantage
Compact Optical Amplifier, Nonlinear Fiber Laser And Pulse Generation With Hafnium Bismuth Erbium Co-Doped Fiber
No full textCompact optical amplifier, nonlinear fiber laser and pulse generation have been successfully demonstrated using hafnium-bismuth-erbium co-doped fiber (HB-EDF) as the gain medium. The HB-EDF was recently fabricated using a modified chemical vapour deposition (MCVD) process in conjunction with the solution doping (SD) technique. The fiber has an Erbium ions concentration of 12500 wt. ppm, which was realized due to the co-doping with Hafnium and Aluminum ions. Firstly, a flat gain amplifier operating was realized using 50 cm long HB-EDF at -10 dBm input signal. The amplifier’s gain varies from 9.3 to 9.8 dB with a noise figure less than 4.1 dB within a wavelength range from 1525 to 1555 nm. A BFL can be realized with 0.5 m long HB-EDF to generate a stable Stokes operating at wavelength 0.09 nm shifted from the Brillouin pump. Multiwavelength fiber laser combs have been successfully achieved by the deployment of an HB-EDF as a gain medium at room temperature. For instance, a Brillouin Erbium fiber laser with an eight-line comb with an average spacing of 0.087 nm was obtained at the 980 nm pump power of 75.3 mW. The multi-wavelength comb with a constant spacing of approximately 0.26 nm was also realized by making use of the four-wave mixing effect. Q-switched and mode-locked HB-EDFLs have also been successfully demonstrated using two different SAs: multi-layer BP and Bismuth-doped fiber. For instance, a stable Q-switched HB-EDFL was obtained with a triple wavelength operation using a backward pumping scheme in conjunction with BP SA. The stable multi-wavelength optical pulses are achieved with repetition rates of 41.15- 60.83 kHz by adjusting pump power. The shortest pulse width of 6.06 μs and the maximum pulse energy of 12 nJ were obtained at 223 mW pump power. A dark pulse generation was also successfully demonstrated through a mode-locking operation in a fiber laser cavity with BDF as a SA and HB-EDF as a gain medium. The mode-locked operational wavelength was recorded to be 1531.95 nm, with the repetition rate of 1.1 MHz. The proposed fiber lasers a compact design since they used an ultra-short length of HB-EDF as the gain medium
Compact Optical Amplifier, Nonlinear Fiber Laser And Pulse Generation With Hafnium Bismuth Erbium Co-Doped Fiber
No full textCompact optical amplifier, nonlinear fiber laser and pulse generation have been successfully demonstrated using hafnium-bismuth-erbium co-doped fiber (HB-EDF) as the gain medium. The HB-EDF was recently fabricated using a modified chemical vapour deposition (MCVD) process in conjunction with the solution doping (SD) technique. The fiber has an Erbium ions concentration of 12500 wt. ppm, which was realized due to the co-doping with Hafnium and Aluminum ions. Firstly, a flat gain amplifier operating was realized using 50 cm long HB-EDF at -10 dBm input signal. The amplifier’s gain varies from 9.3 to 9.8 dB with a noise figure less than 4.1 dB within a wavelength range from 1525 to 1555 nm. A BFL can be realized with 0.5 m long HB-EDF to generate a stable Stokes operating at wavelength 0.09 nm shifted from the Brillouin pump. Multiwavelength fiber laser combs have been successfully achieved by the deployment of an HB-EDF as a gain medium at room temperature. For instance, a Brillouin Erbium fiber laser with an eight-line comb with an average spacing of 0.087 nm was obtained at the 980 nm pump power of 75.3 mW. The multi-wavelength comb with a constant spacing of approximately 0.26 nm was also realized by making use of the four-wave mixing effect. Q-switched and mode-locked HB-EDFLs have also been successfully demonstrated using two different SAs: multi-layer BP and Bismuth-doped fiber. For instance, a stable Q-switched HB-EDFL was obtained with a triple wavelength operation using a backward pumping scheme in conjunction with BP SA. The stable multi-wavelength optical pulses are achieved with repetition rates of 41.15- 60.83 kHz by adjusting pump power. The shortest pulse width of 6.06 μs and the maximum pulse energy of 12 nJ were obtained at 223 mW pump power. A dark pulse generation was also successfully demonstrated through a mode-locking operation in a fiber laser cavity with BDF as a SA and HB-EDF as a gain medium. The mode-locked operational wavelength was recorded to be 1531.95 nm, with the repetition rate of 1.1 MHz. The proposed fiber lasers a compact design since they used an ultra-short length of HB-EDF as the gain medium
Passive Casing Treatments for Stall Margin Improvement in Axial Compressors
No full textAxial flow compressors are mainly used in the power generation and aerospace industry. Axial compressors are prone to instability issues since it is the nature of compressors to impart work on a fluid across an adverse pressure gradient. Instability in the compressor will instigate rotating stall and ultimately surge within the compression system. For tip-critical compressor, rotating stall can be delayed using passive casing treatments such as circumferential grooves. The design of circumferential grooves for improving the stabil-ity limit of axial compressors is the main theme of this thesis.
A transonic isolated axial compressor rotor is selected as the testbed for the application of the circumferential casing grooves. Prior to applying the casing grooves, the near-cas-ing flow aerodynamics of that compressor rotor is numerically studied and validated using experimental test data. The shock-tip leakage vortex interaction is found to be responsible for the accumulation of the near casing blockage. The near casing blockage is quantified using a mass flow overshoot criteria. As the compressor approaches stall, the location of the peak blockage is found to move upstream towards the leading edge.
Based on the findings from the numerical study of the smooth casing, a design optimisa-tion procedure is developed for identifying an optimised groove design. This procedure is based on a surrogate-based optimisation method. The magnitude of the peak blockage location and adiabatic efficiency at conditions close to stall are used for finding the opti-mised groove design. This method is different from the ‘black-box’ approach used by many researchers as found in the literature. The stall margin improvement gained by the optimised groove is about 1%. Further studies are conducted by changing the optimised groove axial location and simulating the grooved casing at part-speed conditions. No det-rimental effects to the stall margin improvement are found at part-speed conditions.
The design optimisation method is numerically validated on a low-speed version of the testbed transonic compressor test rig. For this, the low speed blades are rescaled and de-signed using an inverse design method. The aim of the design is to mimic the same stalling criteria as the high speed version. Using the same design optimisation approach applied on the testbed compressor, a single casing groove design is obtained. The effect of the optimised casing groove on the stall margin improvement is studied using numerical sim-ulation. The optimal groove design is found to improve the stall margin of the low-speed compressor by about 5.4%
DEVELOPMENT OF RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK IN MALAYSIAN LANDSCAPE PROJECT
No full textThe nature of landscape projects that is dynamic, complex, fast-tracked, and with subjective outcome exposes the projects to a high degree of risk. This project risk could
potentially become a critical issue that hinders the project from achieving its objectives. Risk management widely practised to systematically manage project risk, which could
adversely affect the project outcome. However, many landscape projects in Malaysia do not manage risk effectively, and no formal risk management is applied. This scenario
denotes the presence of a gap in risk management practices in the landscape architecture field in Malaysia. Hence, this research aimed to explore the risk management application
in Malaysian landscape project management. In achieving this aim, the research determined past project issues’ controllability, analysed the current management of project risk, and formulated a risk management application framework. This research employed qualitative research along with exploratory research purpose. Findings from
the literature review synthesised to formulate a conceptual framework for the risk management application. The fieldwork data collection completed through an in-depth
interview with landscape architectural expert and case study to completed landscape project review. Along, a focus group discussion employed to validate the conceptual framework. Then, the collected data were analysed using content and thematic analyses. The findings suggest that the past project issues are controllable earlier but occurred due to an ineffective practice to manage it. Project risk not managed systematically according to the suggested process whereby risk process practised incompletely, ineffectively integrated into project lifecycle and limited risk tools and techniques used. The practised impaired by an unavailable formal risk management application. Hence, the research recommends developing a conceptual framework with a specific framework integrating risk process into the project lifecycle. The framework theoretically improves the landscape architecture body of knowledge. Practically it provides a much-needed guide for Malaysia’s landscape architects in managing their project risk. This practice towards achieving the project objectives, thus enhance project performances that subsequently contribute to the country’s landscape aspiration
HIGH-LEVEL DATA FUSION FOR ‘INSIDIOUS FRUIT ROT9 (IFR) DETECTION OF HARUMANIS CULTIVAR
No full textHarumanis cv. is known as the king of mangoes where every year, large amount of this mangoes is produced and its quality assessments need to be evaluated before being sold or exported. Existing approach to evaluate the quality of the fruit is solely depending on manual observation based on personal experiences, where only external parameters are considered and this could lead to some errors due to inconsistencies made by human inspection. Furthermore, this approach has problems in evaluating the internal characteristics quality of Harumanis cv., as Harumanis cv. are prone to physiological disorder that can only be detected destructively. One of the mainly physiological disorder attack is the internal breakdown known as ‘Insidious Fruit Rot’ (IFR) which has affected the overall production of the fruit. Therefore, there is a need to have a non-destructive method in grading the fruit according to its internal quality based on the presence of IFR. Charged Coupled Device (CCD) camera, Near-Infrared (NIR) Spectroscopy and Electronic nose (E-nose) are the analytical techniques which have been used separately in the food quality appraisal to measure specific gravity and aroma of fruits. In this work, fusion of these three sensors will be used as a mean to increase the reliability of classification of Harumanis cv. condition internally as compared to depending only to a single analytical technique. To get higher accuracy for quality appraisal, high-level data
fusion is proposed to fuse these multiple representations using Dempster-Shafer (D-S) and Majority Voting (MVT) fusion techniques. Two types of based classifier; Support Vector Machine (SVM) and K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN) were used to analyze the performance of the single-sensor used. Experimental procedures are then performed to validate the proposed approach. Four testing stages were included; firstly, specific gravity fusion from image processing and NIR spectroscopy; next, specific gravity and aroma fusion from NIR spectroscopy and E-nose; thirdly, fusion of aroma from E-nose and specific gravity from image processing; and lastly, fusion of specific gravity from image processing and NIR spectroscopy with aroma from E-nose. The experimental results show that the proposed method has better performance classification compared with using single-sensor technique in general, where the best fusion method is by applying D-S for specific gravity from image processing technique and specific gravity from NIR
spectroscopy with 96.87% accuracy for overall cases. Meanwhile, the best technique in fusing all single-sensors is by applying D-S fusion (95.80% accuracy) compared to MVT method (87.92% accuracy). This proves that IFR can be detected non-destructively by fusing related techniques and this method is hope to be beneficial in helping farmers and agricultural experts in grading and evaluating Harumanis cv. internally in the future