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Comprendre le recrutement pérenne d\u27enfants soldats en République démocratique du Congo
No full textRecruitment of child soldiers in armed conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has become a perennial problem despite efforts by local and international actors to put a stop to it. This paper launches a critical investigation into the underlying causes behind the continued recruitment of children as soldiers. More so, in light of economic challenges in a war tone country, where there is no school, no recreational facilities and no proper services, this paper seeks to establish how the implementation of the Vancouver Principles can be made a total success in such conditions. El reclutamiento de niños soldados en el conflicto armado de la Repàºblica Democrática del Congo (RDC) se ha convertido en un problema perenne a pesar de los esfuerzos de agentes locales e internacionales. Este trabajo emprende una investigación cràtica de las causas subyacentes del continuo reclutamiento de niños como soldados. Más aun, a la luz de los desafàos económicos en un paàs azotado por la guerra, donde no hay ni escuelas, ni instalaciones recreativas ni servicios apropiados, este trabajo pretende establecer cómo la implementación de los Principios de Vancouver puede resultar en un éxito total en medio de tales condiciones.Le recrutement d‘enfants soldats dans les conflits armés qui sévissent actuellement en République démocratique du Congo (RDC) est devenu un problème récurrent, malgré les efforts déployés par les autorités locales et les organisations internationales pour y mettre un terme. Cet article propose une analyse critique des causes profondes qui se cachent derrière le recrutement continuel d‘enfants comme soldats. Qui plus est en tenant compte des défis économiques auxquels fait face un pays marqué par la guerre, dépourvu d‘écoles, d‘installations de loisirs et de services adéquats, cette étude se propose d‘établir la manière dont la mise en oeuvre des Principes de Vancouver pourra connaître un succès total dans de pareilles conditions
Identifying and Mapping Canadian Registered Dietitians‘ Perceptions and Knowledge of, and Experiences with, Weight-Related Evidence in Nutrition Care: A Scoping Review Protocol
Get PDFObjective: The objective of this scoping review is to identify and map the currently available peer-reviewed and grey literature exploring Canadian registered dietitians‘ (RDs‘) perceptions and knowledge of, and experiences with, weight-related evidence in nutrition care. Introduction: Weight, skin fold calipers, body mass index (BMI), and other means of measuring and describing body size, have been associated with risk, progression, and nutrition intervention success with several disease states. Interpretation and application of weight-related evidence can be impacted by several non-medical factors, including practitioner perspective, evidence interpretation and application, lived experience, and bias. Each of these outcomes may differ between RDs and are not easily described or understood. Inclusion Criteria: Original peer-reviewed studies and grey literature published in English that explore Canadian RDs‘ perceptions of, knowledge of, and experiences with weight-related evidence in nutrition care will be included. Methods: Following the JBI scoping review design and associated methodology, including the three-step search strategy process, four databases will be searched: CINAHL (EBSCO), MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Elsevier), and Scopus (Elsevier). Grey literature will be searched using Google Scholar, Google, and Microsoft Bing, and a search strategy specific to grey literature has been developed in partnership with the research team‘s librarian (MR). Screening and extraction will be led by two independent reviewers (RW, AM), and conflicts will be resolved either by discussion or through a third reviewer (SG). Data will be presented using diagrams and/or tables, including a narrative summary. The Delphi method will be used for community consultation, that will occur throughout this study
Pneumorrhachis complicating acute pain management using a thoracic epidural catheter
No full textThe use of thoracic epidural catheters to infuse local anaesthetics and opioids is a common practice in acute pain management to attenuate the pain associated with thoracic and abdominal surgical procedures. The placement and maintenance of epidural analgesia is known to be associated with a variety of potential complications. A rare complication is the development of air of within the spinal canal (pneumorrhachis). Although pneumorrhachis is typically asymptomatic and resolves spontaneously, it rarely can be associated with neurological dysfunction. Here we describea case of pneumorrhachis that led to symptomatic acute spinal cord compression in a 27 year old man who had a thoracic epidural placed to help with pain management following laparotomy for the management of Crohn‘sdisease. Postoperatively, the patient developed unilateral weakness in his upper and lower extremities and sensory dysfunction in the upper extremity. Urgent neuroimaging demonstrated epidural air causing mass effect on the cervical spinal cord. His symptoms resolved completely following conservative management. This rare presentation of pneumorrhachis highlights the need for close vigilance regarding neurological function in patients with epidural catheters for acute pain management. This presentation also promotes mitigation of factors that may be associated withthe administration of air into the epidural space, such as changing epidural infusion solution bags and malfunction of epidural infusion pumps
The effect of funding non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) on invasive procedures performed to identify trisomy 21 pregnancies: A population-based cohort study
No full textBackground: Screening for Trisomy 21 in Nova Scotia has traditionally included serum integrated prenatal screening (SIPS, maternal serum screening), and integrated prenatal screening (maternal serum screening with nuchal translucency, IPS) for those patients considered to be at high risk. In 2016, non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) became available as a funded second tier screen for pregnancies at high risk for Trisomy 21 in Nova Scotia.Objective: To compare pregnancy characteristics and number of diagnostic procedures performed for high risk of Trisomy 21 before and after introduction of funded NIPT in Nova Scotia.Methods: This population-based retrospective cohort study evaluated pregnancies with diagnostic testing and/or NIPT which were identified through the IWK Health Clinical Genomics Laboratory Database. Maternal chart review was performed for each pregnancy to confirm eligibility and collect demographic data. Descriptive statistics comparing number of diagnostic procedures and pregnancy characteristics were performed among two epochs – pre-NIPT (2012-2015) and post-NIPT (2016-2019) using Fisher‘s exact test, and rates of Trisomy 21 confirmed by diagnostic testing between the two epochs were described.Results: The population incidence of Trisomy 21 remained stable and maternal demographics were similar between the two epochs; after the introduction of funded NIPT, the number of diagnostic procedures decreased, and when diagnostic testing was performed, the procedures were 6-fold more likely to confirm Trisomy 21 (95% CI 2.6-12.9) following high risk screening.Conclusion: The decrease in diagnostic procedures with an increase in the prenatal detection of Trisomy 21 demonstrated in this study illustrates the value of NIPT in a population with limited resources for first trimester screening
Mi‘kmaq Knowledge and Conservation in the Fisheries Dispute of 2020
No full textThe village of Saulnierville is one of many in Nova Scotia that relies economically on the fishing season. Similar to my hometown, it is also the home and sacred land of Sipekne‘katik First nations, a Mi‘kmaq population who have lived there long before ‘fishing seasons‘ were implemented for conservation reasons. Currently, this Nation does not wish to abide by conservation efforts, due to their existing use of traditional knowledge, or ‘netukulimk.‘ This knowledge transmitted primarily through storytelling has taught Mi‘kmaq people to respect the land they live on. From the colonial perspective, a viewpoint that I was unknowingly a part of, oral traditional knowledge holds no merit in the world of ‘science‘. In this essay, I will attempt to demonstrate how the combination of ignorance of Indigenous oral knowledge and inaccurate narratives of Indigenous people has led to a false understanding of Mi‘kmaq fisher people and their forms of resource management through netukulimk in Saulnierville, Nova Scotia. Through centuries of storytelling and oral knowledge, it is shown that Indigenous populations hold respect for the land they live on. Through centuries of colonialism, a different, ignorant story of Indigeneity is painted by non-Indigenous settlers.
Mark D. Lee, Ana de Medeiros, Identité, Mémoire, Lieux : le Passé, le Présent et l‘Avenir d‘Amélie Nothomb
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“I have to think for four people”: Belgian Mothers‘ Mental Labour during the Coronavirus Lockdowns
Get PDFThis semester-long study explores the under-researched topic of mental labour among middle-aged Belgian mothers in the context of the coronavirus crisis‘ lockdowns. Mental labour refers to the presence of a cognitive burden induced by familial responsibilities, and it is often more prevalent in women than in men. By means of one focus group and six in-depth individual interviews, this research uncovers the different mechanisms that Belgian mothers developed during the first two coronavirus crisis lockdowns to better cope with their mental labour. Through this research, we hope to raise awareness of the mental labour experienced by mothers and highlight the different ways in which gender inequalities are perpetuated in the household, as well as envision how a better balance of tasks performed by men and women can be achieved
The Social Life of High School Seniors: COVID Experiences
Get PDFCOVID-19 marks a time of social isolation and social change in the lives of many people. While previous literature has focused on the mental health consequences of isolation on young people, our qualitative research aims to explore the lived experiences of adolescents during the pandemic. Based on 10 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with senior year students at the John F. Kennedy School in Berlin, this study seeks to determine whether both the government and school-imposed COVID-measures have impacted the social lives of our participants and to understand how they experience these potential changes. Our research found that students report a significant change in social life, but, in contrast with the existing literature, their experience of this social change is perceived as positive. These positive changes included a reported improvement in social connections, a more conscious use of social media, and the potential for more alone time. By exploring these three themes, our participants‘ unexpected positivity can be placed into a larger context in which the pandemic is an opportunity to forge more meaningful connections while learning to be more conscious in spending time alone in an “always-on” culture