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« Ose devenir qui tu es » : la quête de l\u27identité dans Le Retour de l\u27enfant prodigue de Gide
No full textPlus que tout autre ouvrage hormis Corydon, écrit Wallace Fowlie l’auteur de André Gide. His Life and Art, Le Retour de l’enfant prodigue [1907] a scandalisé le monde catholique français et contribué à la mise à l’index de toute l’oeuvre de l’écrivain par Rome. Cette réécriture de la parabole de saint Luc, qui pourrait s’intituler Le départ du fils puîné, va contribuer à la mise au ban de la communauté catholique des écrits de Gide. Dans cette petite histoire, en plus des trois membres initiaux de la famille, le père, le fils aîné et le fils prodigue, l’écrivain inclut une mère et un petit frère. Nous allons étudier la quête d’identité du prodigue et du puîné, des frères qui ont beaucoup en commun dans leur motivation et sont pourtant très dissemblables dans leur détermination, comme si le deuxième était le calque inversé du premier. Nous allons aussi nous pencher sur le personnage du porcher. En effet, la fréquentation de ce personnage-clé, un autre Ménalque, a clairement influencé les frères dans leur volonté de s’affranchir de la Maison familiale. Dans l’analyse de cette quête d’identité, nous chercherons à comprendre l’influence de la « philosophie du départ » développée dans les Nourritures terrestres, mais aussi l’influence de Nietzsche résumée dans la devise « Deviens qui tu es » (extraite de Ainsi parlait Zarathoustra).
« More than any other single work by Gide, with the exception of Corydon, Le Retour de l\u27enfant prodigue [1907] scandalized the Catholic world in France and contributed to having the totality of his work prohibited by Rome » (Wallace Fowlie, André Gide. His Life and Art [1965], 7). This rewriting of the parable of Saint Luke, which could be entitled Le départ du fils puîné [The Departure of the Youngest Son], contributed to the ban of Gide\u27s writings by the Catholic Church. In this short story, in addition to the three initial family members, the father, the elder son and the prodigal son, the writer includes a mother and a younger brother. We will analyze the identity quest of the prodigal son and the younger brother - two brothers who have much in common in their willingness to leave home, to break free of family rules and a life of perceived servitude, and yet are very dissimilar in their determination, as if the latter were the inverted copy of the former. We will also focus our attention on the character of the swine herd. Indeed, the frequentation of this key-character clearly influences the brothers in their willingness to leave and find happiness away from home. In the analysis of this quest for identity, we will try to understand the influence of the "philosophy of nomadism" developed by Gide in Les Nourritures terrestres, but also the influence of Nietzsche summarized in the motto “Become who you are” (from Ainsi parlait Zarathoustra)
Dumas, Alexandre. Correspondance Générale. Tome VI. 1er janvier 1850 – 10 novembre 1853. Édition de Claude Schopp.
No full textFood as a Method of Placemaking for Latin American Immigrants in the US South: A Case Study of a Neighborhood in South Nashville, TN
No full textDiverse groups of immigrants from Latin American countries populate modern-day Nashville like many other urban areas in the US South. Since the 1990s, immigrants from Mexico and other Latin American countries have migrated in high numbers to the region, leading to the creation of terms like “Nuevo South.” In Nashville, Latinx immigrants have culturally expressed themselves through food and food institutions have acted as impetus for a sense of community. International grocery stores and cultural restaurants not only act as mediums to spread and establish a sense of culture, but also as places for communities to form and learn from one another while integrating into a new environment. This paper will examine existing literature on the recent influx of immigration to the US South and the expression of culture via food in immigrant neighborhoods. This paper will employ Karen O’Reilly’s 2012 definition of participant observation ethnographies and Mark Wyckoff’s 2014 definition of placemaking to analyze immigrant-owned restaurants and grocery stores along Nolensville Pike in South Nashville as places of community. This paper seeks to prove that these food institutions constitute vital methods of placemaking for immigrants in the US South
Intellect, Psychology and the Experience of Personhood Under Colonialism
No full textPsychology has been a divisive area of scientific inquiry since its beginning as it often models theories of superiority of mind and intelligence. Disrespect for the psychology and invalidation of the creative mind and intellect of Black people has been a driving factor of oppression and white supremacy. Europeans negated the humanity of Black people by attempting to prove cognitive differences and lack of intellectual abilities which resulted in the justification of slavery. The relevance of psychology and understanding the mind is highly relevant when examining effects of colonialism and oppression on people cross-culturally. Fredrick Douglass, in his 1854 speech “The Claims of the Negro Ethnologically Considered” provides insight into the reasons and methods Europeans and North Americans have used to discount Black intellect and justify slavery. He counters these claims by reconnecting the Black body to the Black mind. Lewis Gordon and Peter Adamson in the podcast “Lewis Gordon on Frantz Fanon” describe how Frantz Fanon furthers Douglass’s work by critically examining the psychological experience of oppressed people under colonialism. Together the two thinkers affirm the importance of intellectual freedom, respect of cognition, and recognition of the dynamic mind. They show how the field of psychology can be used for and against colonialism
Building bridges between provinces: The Conference of Atlantic Medical Students
No full textThe seventh annual Conference of Atlantic Medical Students (CoAMS) was held from April 26-28, 2024, at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia. This student-led initiative brought together over 100 medical students from the four medical school campuses in Atlantic Canada. The goals of the conference were to convene like-minded medical students, encourage networking, stimulate intellectual discourse, and provide learning opportunities through a variety of practical workshops. In this article, we reflect on the importance of this successful weekend to ensure continued enthusiasm for CoAMS amongst medical students in Atlantic Canada
Artistic Realization and Modernity: Guillevic and Cézanne
No full textThrough Paul Cézanne (1839-1906) and Eugène Guillevic (1907-1997), this article probes artistic realization as a topos in modern art since the 1800s. Interart discourse including art historical contexts and Guillevic’s early notebook entries in Écrits intimes (2019) help us assess a foremost influence and implicit mentor who taught the poet to favor a concrete, personal, textured, highly focused vision of things seen. At issue in the analyses is the artist’s or poet’s diligent crafting of a perspective that valorizes earthy materiality filtered through the observer’s subjective sensations, which often draw inspiration from immediate surroundings in favorite natural locales. Inclus, in particular, which addresses the poem as sacred space, proposes like Cézanne’s artworks with their colorful constructive brushstrokes that authenticity need not mean direct transcription of the real. Close readings accompany Guillevic as he dialogues indirectly with Cézanne, affirming his own ability to see clearly and make his oeuvre a ritualized fête while exemplifying controlled contemporary lyricism and thus important aspects of French literary modernity.
À partir de Paul Cézanne (1839-1906) et d’Eugène Guillevic (1907-1997), cet article se propose d’examiner le topos de la réalisation vis-à-vis de l’art moderne depuis le dix-neuvième siècle. Se voulant interdisciplinaire, l’étude aborde à la fois l’histoire de l’art et l’écriture de Guillevic, notamment les carnets de jeunesse dans Écrits intimes (2019) où en évoquant Cézanne, il souligne la profondeur de l’influence de son aîné aux plans de l’observation concret du réel et du regard caressant et nuancé que l’on peut porter sur celui-ci. Au coeur des analyses est l’aspect tangible et terreux de la matière : en réalisant l’oeuvre d’art, artiste et poète doivent tous les deux respecter ce qui est vu tout en créant un objet qui soit le reflet fidèle de sensations personnelles, subjectives, à la fois ancrées dans un site naturel adoré et spécifiques à l’observateur. Inclus, en particulier, en abordant le poème en tant qu’espace sacré, suggère à la manière de Cézanne et de ses taches de couleur que l’authenticité ne doit pas forcément correspondre à la transcription directe du réel. Des lectures attentives mettent Guillevic en dialogue avec Cézanne : à l’instar de l’artiste, le poète veut avant tout voir, mettant par la suite cette lucidité au profit de pages devenues lieu du rite, de la fête, mais aussi d’une retenue exemplaire digne de la modernité poétique, voire littéraire
Inscribing the Self in a Changing World: The Poetry of David Mus
No full textLe poète franco-américain David Mus, décédé en 2023, a créé une oeuvre importante en anglais et en français. Sa poésie est intimement liée à la campagne bourguignonne, où il a vécu pendant plus de cinquante ans ; mais cet enracinement est contrebalancé par une syntaxe complexe, souvent insaisissable, et une utilisation inventive de la typographie. Il en résulte un langage poétique unique qui correspond, tant dans sa forme que dans son contenu, à l\u27expérience que fait le poète d\u27un monde en perpétuel changement — car Mus est avant tout un poète du mouvement qui cherche à créer l\u27équivalent poétique de son inscription physique dans les paysages sans cesse changeants qu\u27il explore. Dans ces explorations le poète laisse derrière lui une trace physique (empreinte) et une trace poétique (“in-print”), ces deux formes de création étant elles aussi sujettes à la destruction et au renouvellement. Une analyse détaillée de son poème, Saillie (2019), nous permettra de comprendre comment le lecteur lui aussi reprend des processus de création, de destruction et de transformation caractéristiques du monde naturel et du monde construit par l\u27homme : en suivant les perturbations sémantiques et syntaxiques de l\u27oeuvre, nous devenons des participants actifs du projet poétique d\u27inscription du soi simultanément dans le monde en devenir et dans le texte.
The Franco-American poet, David Mus, who passed away in 2023, produced an impressive body of work in both English and French. His poetry has a down-to-earth quality that is intimately connected to the Burgundian countryside, where he lived for more than fifty years; but this rootedness is counterbalanced by a complex, often elusive, syntax and an inventive use of typography. The result is a unique poetic language that corresponds in both form and content to the poet’s experience of a world that is undergoing constant change; for Mus is above all a poet of motion who seeks to create the poetic equivalent of his physical inscription within the ceaselessly changing landscapes he explores. The poet leaves a physical trace (imprint) and a poetic trace (in-print), though both forms of creation are subject to destruction and renewal. A detailed analysis of Mus’s book-length poem, Saillie (2019), shows how the reader is drawn into repeating the processes of creation, destruction and transformation that characterize both the natural and man-made world; as we navigate the work’s complex series of semantic and syntactic disruptions, we become active participants in the poetic project of inscribing the self simultaneously in the changing world and in the written word
