USURJ: University of Saskatchewan Undergraduate Research Journal
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Historical monuments and lead pollution: Lessons from the case of Notre-Dame de Paris and Sainte-Chapelle
No full textInternational audienceTo investigate the potential spreading of leaded dust over Paris and its inhabitants, following the fire of Notre-Dame de Paris cathedral in April 2019, we developed a dedicated protocol to identify the geochemical fingerprint of the emitted particles. This method could be transposed to a contemporary monument to Notre-Dame de Paris which had not burnt and which had to undergo a major restoration phase: Sainte-Chapelle de Paris. Thus, a new study was performed on the indoor dust collected in this monument, to which the protocol developed for the dusts of Notre-Dame was applied. The comparison of the geochemical fingerprint of both monuments highlights the complexity of establishing the chemical signatures of such buildings. The homogeneity of the isotopic and elemental results obtained on the samples from Notre-Dame de Paris compared to those from Sainte-Chapelle de Paris reveals the homogenizing role of the fire, which simplifies the geochemical signature determination. Moreover, this study does not show any significant impact of anthropogenic pollution (road traffic, industry, incinerators) on the indoor environment of monuments, which are nevertheless rich in construction lead. The notion of “polluter-polluted monument" could be problematic in the event of an accident during restoration phase. These new results obtained on dust samples from a building that has not experienced any recent major deterioration underlines the multiple sources of lead present in these monuments and the importance of identifying univocally their signature. However, the concentrations of metal and metalloid in the indoor dust do not show any major pollution inside Sainte-Chapelle de Paris that could be a threat to human health
Note de lecture : L. de Verdalle, Aux côtés des artistes. Producteurs de cinéma et administrateurs du spectacle vivant, Paris, SUP, 2021
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VISUOSPATIAL PROCESSING IN THE RESOLUTION OFTHE CORSI BLOCK-TAPPING IN BILINGUAL ANDMONOLINGUAL CHILDREN
No full textInternational audienceSeveral studies (Grosjean, 2019) have shown that bilingualism provides an advantage in executivefunctions. Visuospatial Working Memory (vs WM), closely linked to executive functions, is acomponent of working memory responsible for the temporary storage and manipulation of visual andspatial information, including objects, shapes, and patterns. It also involves mental manipulation ofspatial information, such as the relative positions of objects in space, distances, and orientations. Thiscomponent plays a role in coordinating visual attention by holding information about objects orlocations that require temporary memory while filtering out visual distractions. The aim of this study isto identify and compare vs WM information processing strategies and to highlight different cognitiveprofiles between monolingual and bilingual children. The methodology of this research is situatedwithin an experimental framework using the Corsi Block-Tapping Test (Corsi, 1972), whichspecifically assesses visuospatial working memory. The test comprises two conditions: direct spatialmemory and reverse (indirect) spatial memory. In these tasks, the participant needs to tap the blocksthat the experimenter show, in direct or indirect order. To gain a better understanding of thecharacteristics of the presumed cognitive functioning in Corsi Block-Tapping Test success, this studyfocused on analyzing the nature of errors in the "direct" and "indirect" conditions of the Corsi Block-Tapping Test. Errors are categorized into three types: direction errors, location errors, and numbererrors. This comprehensive error analysis aimed to uncover the specific cognitive processes andstrategies employed by participants in both conditions. It allowed for a deeper exploration of howindividuals approached visuospatial working memory tasks and provided insights into their cognitivedecision-making processes during the test
Disparition de l'autorité de la doctrine constitutionnaliste sur les acteurs de la justice politique ?: Remarques sur les affaires Cachin (1923) et Péret (1931), jugées par la Cour de justice du Sénat
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Des intermédiaires politiques invisibles ? Les community organizers à Chicago
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Green Capitalism Won’t Save Indigenous Nations or Canadians
Full text linkThe \u27greening\u27 of capitalism is marketed as mitigating the drawbacks of historical and contemporary systems of extraction while simultaneously being pushed as a method through which relationships between Indigenous nations and the state can be reconciled or decolonized. However, this narrative is ignorant of the consumption required for maintenance of the status quo for colonial states and the subservient relationships of Indigenous nations to the dominant economic system. Without major changes in colonial consumption and the relation of Indigenous peoples to planning and power, decolonization and mitigation of climate disaster are doomed to failure
Reserved Parking: An Analysis of Colonial Spaces in Thomas King\u27s "Borders"
No full textThis essay challenges the notion of some critics that “Borders,” by Thomas King, ends with the triumphant defeat of racist colonial institutions through the courage and determination of the mother in the story. Instead, I argue that the experience of the boy and mother, as they are stranded in the parking lot of a duty-free store, is an allegory King uses to critique the reserve system in Canada. This essay considers historical scholarship that illuminates the narratives which shaped 19th century reserve policies and juxtaposes these with the attitudes of colonizers and colonial institutions in King’s short story
Hippocrate sans frontières: Soigner en terre étrangère au XIXe siècle
No full textInternational audienceLa figure du médecin étranger ou diplômé à l'étranger suscite aujourd'hui de multiples débats, alternativement nourris d'espoirs dans sa capacité à combler une démographie locale trop faible ou entachés de soupçons sur son niveau de compétences. Or, ces débats ne sont pas propres au début du XXIe siècle, non plus que la circulation du personnel médical, pour ses études ou pour exercer son art. Le XIXe siècle poursuit et amplifie les circulations estudiantines médicales, à l'échelle des continents (Europe) et des océans (Atlantique ou Indien). Les médecins parcourent les terres étrangères et se confrontent aux savoirs et aux pratiques médicales sur de nouveaux terrains, que ce soit à la suite des armées (Grèce) ou lors de missions scientifiques (Espagne). Le XIXe siècle voit aussi la mise en place de réglementations nationales sur les critères d'admission à l'exercice médical, tandis que se définissent les corps médicaux nationaux. Les médecins étrangers ou diplômés à l'étranger y jouent un rôle majeur, qu'il s'agisse de constituer ex nihilo un corps médical dans un pays neuf (Uruguay, Roumanie), de nourrir les élites médicales (Grèce), d'interroger les critères du "bon médecin" (France). Interroger les places faites à ces praticiens dans ces différents contextes éclaire les processus de légitimation des savoirs et des pratiques, d'hier à aujourd'hui
A Brief Overview of the Political Economy of Ancient Greek Polis and Demokratia
No full textInternational audienceWe briefly review the history of archaic and classical Greece, focusing on the development of the polis and of ancient Greek demokratia. The emergence of the polis as a political institution took place in a particular con-text, with a more widespread access to resources, as earlier centralised power had vanished. A specific form of democracy then appeared in Athens, demokratia, within the context of the polis. We examine the political economy research that has provided a formal background for these historical innovations