USURJ: University of Saskatchewan Undergraduate Research Journal
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Cover Artwork: "The Art of Henna in Rural Pakistan"
No full textWarsha Mushtaq is an honours student, majoring in history at the University of Saskatchewan
From debris to remains, an experimental protocol under emergency conditions
No full textInternational audienceThe treatment of the rubble from the fire at the cathedral of Notre-Dame de Paris was the subject of an unprecedented protocol, drafted jointly by several departments of the ministère de la Culture and implemented by these same teams, assisted by compagnons (workers, foremen, forklift operators, automatic machine operators) present on the safety site. The aim of this approach, which was implemented immediately after the disaster, was to identify, from amongst all the collapsed materials on the floor and on the vaults, those that could be recovered, both for restoration purposes and for long-term scientific research - thus passing from the status of debris to that of vestiges. A sampling protocol, using robotic equipment on the ground and rope access technicians on the vaults, was thus organised to document and locate each material recovered (photographs, orthophotographs, geolocation): material specialists and archaeologists took turns for nearly twenty-four (24) months, in a context of lead pollution and according to an extremely constrained schedule, to carry out this sorting and draw up an initial inventory. At the end of this first phase of the scientific project, nearly ten thousand (10,000) pieces of timber, six hundred and fifty (650) pallets of stone items and three hundred and fifty (350) pallets of metal items are now stored in warehouses rented by the project management team, under the responsibility of the ministère de la Culture, and are currently the subject of a detailed inventory. All of the vestiges collected will thus be able to be used for the restoration of the building and, through the many research programmes already underway, contribute to a renewed knowledge of the cathedral of Notre-Dame de Paris
Cartesian Fibrations of -categories
No full text31 pages, comments are welcome!International audienceIn this article we introduce four variance flavours of cartesian 2-fibrations of -bicategories with -bicategorical fibres, in the framework of scaled simplicial sets. Given a map of -bicategories, we define -(co)cartesian arrows and inner/outer triangles by means of lifting properties against . Inner/outer (co)cartesian 2-fibrations are then defined to be maps with enough (co)cartesian lifts for arrows and enough inner/outer lifts for triangles, together with a compatibility property with respect to whiskerings in the outer case. By doing so, we also recover in particular the case of -bicategories fibred in -categories studied in previous work. We also prove that equivalences of such 2-fibrations can be tested fiberwise. As a motivating example, we show that the domain projection is a prototypical example of an outer cartesian 2-fibration, where denotes the -bicategory of functors, lax natural transformations and modifications. We then define inner/outer (co)cartesian 2-fibrations of categories enriched in -categories, and we show that a fibration of such categories is a (co)cartesian inner/outer 2-fibration if and only if the corresponding is a fibration of this type between -bicategories
"Dance and Make Revels": Cross-Dressing Prostitutes and Gendered Performance as a Method of Accessing Agency in Medieval London
Get PDFDid prostitutes in medieval London have agency? This paper examines a new transcription of a medieval chancery bill concerning a woman accused of dressing in men\u27s clothing and attempting to seduce a merchant at Hanse precinct in London. Rather than assessing this accusation as a potential expression of identity, this paper assesses Joan White\u27s use of male clothing as a method of asserting limited agency over the lived experience of a medieval prostitute. By drawing on the work of Veronica Franco, another medieval courtesan, whose writings also suggest that she was accessing a certain type of agency, this article posits that while participants in the medieval sex trade did not necessarily have agency, they were able to access an "economy of makeshift" through which they could create limited facets of agency for themselves. 
Voices Unheard: Unveiling Women\u27s Testimony in 19th Century Canadian and American Extradition Courts
Get PDFThis paper examines the role of women\u27s testimony in extradition cases between Canada and the United States from 1868 to 1923. In Canada, only 35 women testified in court in a total of 407 cases. In most instances, the women testifying were married and testifying to their husband\u27s innocence or guilt. In these cases, their husband\u27s extradition, conviction, and liberation were often determined by what they said. Women who testified as victims of crimes, often assaults, saw far more ambiguous success. Ideas about the purity of women influenced whether the courts listened to the testimony of unmarried women and girls or allowed them to testify in the first place. Finally, in rare instances, women appeared in these transnational court cases in a professional capacity (often as doctors or secretaries). While married women were treated with respect and single women with some suspicion, divorced women were scrutinized heavily. This divergence, especially in the Canadian courts, emphasizes the uneven ways the border influenced married life. Divorce was illegal in Canada at this time, and marriage was viewed as the building block of Canada\u27s new society. As such, many divorced women who came from the United States were belittled and overly questioned compared to married women from Canada. As a result, this paper argues that Canadian and American attempts to punish criminals who fled across national borders prioritized looking at a woman\u27s marital status above all other factors when assessing whether a potential witness might have valuable information for the courts
Artwork: "The King"
No full textErin Baril is an honours student, double majoring in biology and biochemistry at the University of Saskachewan
S’adapter au changement climatique sur le littoral : retours empiriques sur une démarche participative chercheurs-habitants (Côte d’Opale, France)
No full textInternational audienceThis article presents and provides an empirical feedback on a participatory action process of co-construction of climate change adaptation strategies between researchers and residents of two coastal municipalities in the Hauts-de-France region (Oye-Plage and Wissant). The article is structured in two parts. The first part presents the methodological protocols used with a description of the participatory mechanisms (public meetings, participatory workshops, collaborative monitoring) and the tools used by the researchers. The second part provides feedback on these mechanisms by highlighting three main results following the analysis of this participatory approach and by underlining its progress and limitations.Cet article propose une présentation et un retour d’expérience empirique à propos d’une démarche d’action participative de co-construction, entre chercheurs et résidents de deux communes côtières de la région Hauts-de-France (Oye-Plage et Wissant), de stratégies d’adaptation au changement climatique. L’article est structuré en deux parties. La première partie présente les protocoles méthodologiques utilisés avec la description des dispositifs participatifs (réunions publiques, ateliers participatifs, suivis collaboratifs), les outils mobilisés par les chercheurs. La seconde partie propose un retour d’expérience sur ces dispositifs en mettant en avant trois principaux résultats suite à l’analyse de cette démarche participative et en soulignant les avancées et les limites de celle-ci
Analyzing the territorial dimensions of work through a comparative study of waste recovery facilities in France and Brazil
No full textInternational audienceBACKGROUND: Waste production and management from residents and collection for sorting are systems heavily dependent on territorial dimensions. Ergonomic research needs to better integrate such territorial determinants to improve work conditions and design sustainable work systems. OBJECTIVE: Through studies in France and Brazil, this paper analyzes the territorial relations that raise work systems’ sustainability challenges for materials recovery facilities (MRFs) and waste management in both countries and examines the links between work activity and territory in MRFs. METHODS: Both studies were based on the principles of activity-oriented ergonomics and used analyses of work activity and sociotechnical systems. The French study focused on interventions conducted over a 42-month period in five MRFs. The Brazilian study was based on a 20-month longitudinal qualitative and quantitative study. RESULTS: In this paper, we argue that territory is a key determining factor in waste production and work. Notably, the consumption patterns of residents and the economic flows within a geographic space determine the waste composition; and the territorially specified public policies, which define technical and social dimensions of waste collection and sorting. However, the territorial dimensions of waste are poorly considered in facility design. Workers’ health and sorting system performance are thus affected and negatively compromise plant performance. CONCLUSION: The territory appears as a blind spot in the design of work systems. One of the challenges is to create interfaces and devices that could help to integrate better human activity and waste territorialized anchorage, in a multilevel organization, from local communities to the global recycling chains