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Prospects of Leaderless Disobedience: A Case Study of the 2020-2021 Punjabi Kisan Protests
No full textThe Burden of the Migrant Crisis and Climate Change: Entrenching Transnational Economic Policy in the European Union
No full textThe Communist Crusade: How Covert Operations in Nicaragua Undermined the War on Drugs
No full textOne of the legacies of the Ronald Reagan Presidency was how his staunch anti-communist demeanour shaped American foreign diplomacy. Yet, a lesser-studied connection is established regarding how Reagan’s international priorities influenced his domestic policies. In particular, this paper examines the case study that the overlapping but mutually incompatible goals of undermining communist influence in Nicaragua and domestically waging a “successful” war on drugs provide. As a result, Reagan’s approaches to domestic and foreign policy are better understood as counterweights that mutually reinforce, contradict, and collide to create asymmetrical impacts. Reagan’s Cold War involvement in Nicaragua reveals that marginalised and radicalised peoples suffered at the hands of foreign policy prioritisations. Reagan’s overriding desire to eliminate the “evil” empire encouraged the administration to turn a blind eye to Nicaraguan anti-communist sympathisers who imported illicit drugs into America to fund the war effort. In turn, the American victory in the United States’ ongoing War on Drugs proved increasingly elusive. Ultimately Reagan’s paradoxical policies illuminate the danger of justifying and prioritizing foreign policy under the rationale of the ends justifying the means
The Preservation of Holocaust Memory during the War in Ukraine
No full textOn 24 February 2022, the Russian Federation illegally invaded the free and democratic nation of Ukraine. Amidst the devastating destruction and bloodshed, Ukrainian civilians and officials have been fighting hard to preserve their nation’s culture and history from the invaders who wish to erase all trace of Ukraine’s unique identity. This fight includes the preservation of Holocaust memory in Ukraine. After a missile strike severely damaged the Drobytsky Yar Holocaust monument in Kharkiv in March 2022, the question has been raised of how to effectively preserve Holocaust memory during times of modern warfare. To attempt to answer this unprecedented question, it is necessary to refer back to the history of the Holocaust in Ukraine, the decades long fight for proper Holocaust memorialization, and what is currently being done by Ukrainians as they fight to protect their homeland, their history, and their cultural identity
Decolonizing Early Childhood Education: Tracing Ancestral Disruptions and Advocating for African/Black Indigenous Knowledge Reclamation
No full textThis paper explores the lived experiences of African/Black people, particularly within the context of a tri-citizen Ghanaian Nigerian, and Canadian scholar. Employing the concept of “wake work” inspired by Christina Sharpe’s notion of “sitting with” and gathering phenomena disproportionately affecting African/Black people, it utilizes archival methods to trace the ancestral disruptions, resistances, and ruptures in various spaces. Challenging Eurocentric narratives, it examines the colonization of Indigenous knowledge systems and the erasure of African spirituality. The research advocates for mandatory integration of African Indigenous education in early childhood programs, urging educators to support the heterogenous journeys of African/Black Indigenous communities to reclaim space, resist hegemonic discourses, and center African ways of knowing to foster empowerment, healing, and decolonization
Image of the Educator: (re)Thinking Identity
No full textThis paper tells of an early childhood educator’s search for meaning making while experiencing a crisis of the self—a deep questioning of personhood, worthiness, ability, and purpose. It represents a snapshot of a particular time in a particular life at the convergence of a master’s program in ECE, a worldwide pandemic, and a provincial research project, which culminated in personal crisis and a great unsettling of identity. It is written in first person, from the ‘I’—the author’s humancentric appraisal of a personal pedagogical intervention, a reckoning with the self—in the hope of finding something otherwise, and something more generative as an educator within early childhood education. The paper grapples with the question of how we can create the conditions for early childhood educators to “read hard, think hard and write hard”—to dig deep, and to go deeper (St. Pierre, 2019) without dismantling a sense of self or a personhood that embodies a deep desire to contribute positively to our unfinished world
Bordering Democracies, Democratising Borders
No full textOver the past 30 years, border scholars have written extensively on what borders are, where they are located, and how they operate, not just to critically understand their changing role, but also to criticise and denounce their violence and discrimination. Yet borders continue to proliferate, in particular as a response to alleged crises affecting Europe. If borders have always constituted markers of social and cultural identity, the more recent process of European re-bordering, I argue, constitutes a challenge for the democratic system as a whole. Implemented by left-wing and right-wing parties alike, this process seems indeed to have been taken away from public discourse and treated as a technical necessity to solve the crises. Far from being neutral or non-political, however, it has disclosed new forms of racial discrimination, political and economic power, and colonial violence. In order to substantiate my argument, I will 1) provide a brief examination of the recent changes in the concept and practice of democracy, as well as their interrelations with the process of European re-bordering, 2) investigate the socio-political and economic conditions under which the current process of European re-bordering has come about, with particular attention to the increasing role of media and political discourses in shaping public opinion, and 3) discuss the repercussions of the process of European re-bordering on the democratic system. The article will conclude by inviting scholars, civil society members, and any interested party to open up a more open and democratic debate around the unequal and discriminatory practices of bordering
Introduction: What is Border Renaissance?
No full textThis issue investigates the return to borders, gauging the impact of this recent renaissance of borders in political and media discourses and cultural representations of borders and borderlands. The geographical focus of the individual papers lies primarily on Europe with brief references to North America and Asia. Zooming in on questions of recent border conflicts, tensions, and struggles, on the one hand, and questions of identity, language practices, and forms of belonging, on the other, the essays highlight border rebirth and revival, also presenting new research on recent developments in territorial/spatial and cultural border studies. Coming from a wide variety of disciplines, such as geography, cultural studies, literature, linguistics, and political sciences, the authors explore the renewed interest in borders and the many instances of borderizations
Customs Revenue in the Renewable Energy Sector: Evidence from South Africa
No full textThis report assesses the effects of customs revenues in the renewable energy industry in South Africa. After ESKOM (State-owned enterprise) presented the firm’s biggest loss of R9.7 ($0.6) billion in August 2009, several applications for higher tariffs were performed over the years. South Africa has been going through an energy crisis, with more loadshedding expected in 2024, which is predicted to hamper GDP development. Indeed, the country’s economy has been adversely disturbed by the COVID-19 pandemic, and its improvement path is at this instant stifled by incessant power cuts. There is no doubt that this energy crisis will continue for a while in the future, and it is unlikely to get better soon. This policy report provides a customs revenue analysis of the market participants or entities in the renewable energy industry. This study adopted a pragmatic research methodology and found that the government could propose to the National Treasury the scrapping of value-added tax (VAT) and Customs Duties on the importation of solar panels and parts in order to help reduce the cost of purchasing for both businesses and households