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Ben Lazare Mijuskovic, "Theories of Consciousness and the Problem of Evil in the History of Ideas"
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FROM SURRENDER STORIES TO PERSISTENCE STORIES: YOUNG GIRLS’ NARRATIVES OF AGENCY AND POWER IN CHILD–PARENT CONFLICTS
No full textThis paper examines the dynamics of agency and power as revealed in young girls’ fictional narratives about child–parent conflicts that are caused by incompatibility between the goals of children and parents in everyday family life. The data were collected from 26 girls aged 4 to 6 using the Story Magician’s Play Time method. Narrative analysis yielded five types: mediation and compromise stories, surrender stories, persistence stories, solidarity stories, and standoff stories. In the girls’ stories, agency and power were multifaceted and variable phenomena that were negotiated in a relational context in which the gender of the child and parent characters played an important role. Power relations tended to be narrated as more hierarchical and immutable in child–father conflicts, and more often as negotiated in child–mother conflicts. However, when narrated as deploying unyielding and tactical actions, the child characters were only able to exert power over the parent in girl–mother conflicts. Thus, some stories conveyed a clear, hierarchical generational order while others demonstrated children’s agentic power to reshape adult dominance in child–adult conflicts in diverse ways. The practical implications of the findings are also discussed
GENDER VARIATIONS IN THE PREVALENCE AND CORRELATES OF DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN SOUTH-EASTERN NIGERIA
No full textRevised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale. Analyses were carried out with the SPSS statistical software (version 21); frequencies and percentages, chi-squared statistics, and point-biserial correlations were examined. Results showed a high (35.4%) prevalence of general anxiety and depression among adolescents. Male respondents had a higher proportion of anxiety (32.1%), depression (31.5%), and general anxiety and depression (44.8%) compared to females who had 20.9% symptomatic depression, 21.9% anxiety, and 29.2% general anxiety and depression. Correlates of mental health symptoms in boys were mothers’ education and living with guardians. Having unemployed fathers correlated with anxiety symptoms in girls. Age, class, perceived family socioeconomic status, and emotional connection with parents/guardians were significantly correlated with mental health in both male and female adolescents; however, the pattern of these interactions varied between the genders. Since this study has shown that gender variations exist in the prevalence and correlates of poor mental health among Nigerian adolescents, programs targeting them should reflect gender considerations
Japanese Pan-Asianism… and… Hawai‘i?: The omission of Hawai‘i in Japanese Pan-Asian Thinking
No full textPan-Asianism, a Twentieth-Century Japanese ideology, provides a robust explanation for Japan\u27s attack on Pearl Harbor. It proposed an encompassing identity for Asia that placed Japan at the centre and appealed to many in Japan. A militant version of the ideology became dominant and became the framework for Japan’s justification of its expansionist policy to rid Asia of Western influence. On the surface, this ideology has sometimes appeared genuinely anti-colonial in theory if not in practice. However, scholarship on Pan-Asianism has failed to take into account the place of Hawai‘i, the site of Japan’s attack against the United States. There were two main approaches to Hawai‘i in Japanese thought at the time. Firstly, the mainstream Pan-Asian propaganda ignored Hawai‘i and presented the attack on Pearl Harbor as an attack on the United State in general. Nevertheless, an additional specific thread of Pan-Asian thought at the time considered Hawai‘i to be a part of Asia and in need of incorporation into Japan’s Pan-Asian project. In some corners of Japanese thinking in the wake of the opening of hostilities, thinkers drafted plans for the governance of the islands under Japan. These two contrasting strands of thought and rhetoric show the colonial nature of the Pan-Asian ideology as it imposed whatever identity on Hawai‘i that Japan found most convenient. For Japan, Hawai‘i was a part of the United States when Japan needed to demonstrate victory over the West and it was a colonised Asian territory when Japan needed to justify annexation plans. Scholarship on Hawai‘i demonstrates that the islands and their Indigenous people are Pacific Islanders rather than Asians in need of Japanese liberation. This research helps us understand Japan’s ideology, the Pacific War, and the important place of Hawai’i in Pacific and global history
Existe-t-il des topoï spécifiques aux animaux ?
No full textAre they any animal topoi, or are they merely pre-existing topoi that include animals through anthropomorphisation? The aim of this paper is to extend Sator\u27s reflections on the birdsongs of the fables, which are at once zoological observations, toposemes and typemes. The analysis will focus on the Roman de Renart, the Fables de La Fontaine and the Scènes de la vie privée et publique des animaux, three sets of short narratives in which the animals at the centre are sometimes the narrators. There are several reasons for this choice of texts: the variety of narrative situations and species represented, both wild and domestic, and a certain homogeneity in the ideological context of each work.
After a preliminary survey of the first Satorbase, I will analyse the narrative and topical treatment of situations specific to animals (eating, noises, migrations) before observing the most frequent topoi (such as tricking the trickster, hunger, an assembly of animals chooses a king or a representative), their narrative configurations and any variations.
This topical examination will provide an opportunity to consider the status of animals in society: do the topoi reflect these changes? do they incorporate new animals? are they influenced by the gradual emergence of pets in the bourgeoisie?Peut-on observer des topoï purement animaliers ou ne s’agit-il que de topoï préexistants qui incluent des animaux par anthropomorphisation ? Cette communication se propose de prolonger les réflexions satoriennes sur les chants des oiseaux des fables, à la fois observations zoologiques, toposèmes ou typèmes. L\u27analyse se concentrera sur le Roman de Renart, les Fables de La Fontaine et les Scènes de la vie privée et publique des animaux, trois ensembles de récits brefs où les animaux placés au centre sont parfois les narrateurs. Plusieurs raisons expliquent ce choix de textes : la variété des situations narratives et des espèces représentées, tant sauvages que domestiques, et une certaine homogénéité du contexte idéologique de chaque œuvre.
Après un repérage préliminaire dans la première Satorbase, j’analyserai le traitement narratif et topique des situations propres aux animaux (dévoration, bruits, migrations) dans ce corpus avant d\u27observer les topoï les plus fréquents (comme le trompeur trompé, la faim, une assemblée d’animaux choisit un roi ou un représentant), leurs configurations narratives et leurs variations éventuelles.
Cet examen topique sera l’occasion de s’interroger sur le statut des animaux dans la société : les topoï reflètent-ils ces évolutions ? intègrent-ils les nouveaux animaux ? sont-ils influencés par l’apparition progressive des animaux de compagnie dans la bourgeoisie