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Hamilton: An American Elitist
No full textAn unexpected cultural phenomenon, Lin Manuel Miranda’s Hamilton: An American Musical brought Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton back into the public eye over 200 years after his death. This paper inquires as to whether Hamilton accurately depicts the political beliefs of its titular character. It also explores the ways in which Hamilton can help us understand the relationship between individuals, social power, and our conceptualizations of the past. In doing so, it concludes that the show fails to address the elitist ideas that saturated Hamilton’s political theory. Consequently, it argues that Hamilton projects contemporary values onto a historical figure and supports the highly contentious Great Man Theory of History
The Lady
No full text"The Lady”, radiates the theme power through its main subject who stands poised and in control dressed in her Marie Antoinette gown with the majestic forested scenery of the Pacific Rim National Park as her domain.
Restoration of Rocky Mountain Elk Habitat through Prescribed Burning in Lytton, B.C.
No full textThe Mill Yard prescribed burn was conducted on March 30, 2016, in an effort to reduce forest fuels and monitor the effects of prescribed fire on wildlife habitat values near Lytton, B.C. The project was undertaken jointly between the Lillooet Fire Zone (Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations) and myself. The 11.5-hectare study area is located on crown land south of Lytton on a fluvial terrace of the Fraser River. Fire suppression over the last century has altered these forests by increasing forest density and causing changes to hydrology, biodiversity, and fire regime. The in-growth of young trees in this historically open stand has lead to the loss of habitat value to an introduced herd of Rocky Mountain Elk (Cervus elaphus). Regular habitat enhancement is required to keep the land in a productive state for the elk (Chris Proctor, pers. Comm., March 7 2016). The prescribed burn goals were to increase wildfire protection to the Village of Lytton; monitor the changes in elk browse species after the reintroduction of low-intensity fire; and provide training in prescribed fire to wildfire crews. The site was divided into three polygons based on ecosystem structure: an low shrub/herb ecosystem (0.54ha), a mature Pinus ponderosa forest mechanically treated in 2012 (6.96ha), and a dense maturing Pseudotsuga menziesii forest that had not received fuel management treatments (3.15ha). In addition, a 0.83ha control area was set up within the study area. Forest measurements were taken at 5 plots. Data collected at these plots included tree mensuration (tally of live and dead trees, species, height, and diameter) and understory vegetation species and percent cover. The burn was conducted on March 30, 2016. After guarding the site, the fire was ignited with drip torches at approximately 13:00, and continued until about 18:00. By the end of the day, 70% of the site had successfully been burned. The mature Ponderosa pine forest burned most uniformly, while the dense Douglas-fir forest at the toe of the slope didn’t ignite well, except for within a few feet of the ignition strips. Post burn monitoring conducted 1 week after the burn showed that tree mortality was low overall, with no mortality in conifer trees over 30cm diameter, and 43% mortality in trees under 30 cm diameter. This mortality rate was lower than what we had aimed for, and as a result we weren’t able to create any wildlife trees or coarse woody debris. Grasses regenerated strongly within a week, and the cover of grass species increased from the pre-burn cover by approximately 20%. After the fire, I detected a number of understory species that weren’t detected before the burn, including trace amounts of Lomatium macrocarpum, Lithospermum ruderale, and Prunus pensylvanica. Lomatium macrocarpum is an important food plant for the Nlaka’pamux, so it is exciting to see the response of that species to prescribed fire
Huaping Lu-Adler, "Kant and the Science of Logic: A Historical and Philosophical Reconstruction."
No full textTo New Zealand for Land: The Timber Industry, Land Law, and Māori Dispossession in Nineteenth-Century New Zealand
No full textThis paper analyzes the influences of the timber industry on the development of the colony of New Zealand and its land law during the nineteenth century, especially in regard to the dispossession of the indigenous Maori population from the Kauri forests of the North Island. By conducting a case study of Mangakāhia v the New Zealand Timber Company, Ltd. (1882), this paper illustrates the manner by which Maori landowners were increasingly barred from full legal status by the New Zealand courts, and how the economic and political power of the timber industry allowed the Court of Appeals to essentially dismiss Mangakāhia’s case out of hand
Indigenous Settlement Trusts: Recharacterizing the Nature of Taxation
No full textThis article examines how Indigenous Settlement Trusts (“Settlement Trusts”), established for the benefit of First Nations, are affected by the Income Tax Act (“Tax Act”). I argue that Settlement Trusts should be taxed differently than other personal trusts under the Tax Act. Currently, a Settlement Trust is taxed just as any other trust—as an individual pursuant to section 104(2) of the Tax Act—regardless of whether distinguished circumstances exist, as in the case of Indian Act-recognized Bands. This means that revenues are taxed at the top personal marginal tax rate. As such, the Settlement Trust relies upon the application of section 75(2) of the Tax Act to attribute revenues that remain in the Trust to the Band. The revenues are then tax exempt, pursuant to section 149(1)(c) of the Tax Act, because the Canada Revenue Agency’s administrative position is that Bands are public bodies performing a function of government in Canada. Ultimately, Bands face unnecessary administrative processes and costs from having Settlement Trusts taxed in this manner. I conclude that the Federal government should amend the Tax Act to exempt Settlement Trust revenues from being taxed under the general trust tax provisions so that administrative costs and processes for Bands will be eliminated or at least minimized. Bands could then claim Settlement Trust revenues directly in the same manner that they claim all other Band revenues