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The Distribution, Behaviour, and Reproduction of the Endangered Desert Pupfish (Cyprinodon Macularius)
The pup fish is a small sized fish species found in North American deserts that is being threatened by water loss resulting from climate warming. These desert-adapted fish have unique characteristics in their distribution, behaviour, and reproduction that has allowed them to tolerate the extreme desert climate and adapt to survive climate warming which is eliminating the few suitable environments available for survival. Through peer reviewed scientific journals, this amazing species can be studied and analysed for its favorable traits and adaptations to environmental conditions so researches not only understand the unique characteristics this species has evolved to survive in extreme desert environments but also to seek out and create access to safe spaces for the species to populate. This understanding will not only prevent the loss of another species to the effects of a changing climate resulting from human activity, but also give insight into the characteristics that other desert species may be using to survive one of the world's most extreme environments
Devaluation of Women’s Labour in Food Systems and Feminist Resistance
The introduction of global markets has seen the rise of multinational corporations. This has allowed trade to flourish globally and enabled the transport of regional products all over the world. Critics have drawn attention to the many issues that come with this contemporary global landscape. This research argues that multinational corporate interests perpetuate and reinforce existing gendered differences in agricultural and food systems. These differences relate to the continued devaluation of women’s labour in the production of food as well as the maintenance of gendered care-work in the household. These corporate interests also contribute to increasing concentrations of wealth inequalities which put more money in corporate hands at the expense of farmers. This project conducted a critical literature review to analyze the marginalization of women’s labour in and outside of the site of food production, the key components of a corporate body, and the ways in which feminist resistance occurs in opposition to corporate interests. The findings reveal that the labour of women is continually marginalized and devalued at all levels of production and manufacturing, and that women are among the most negatively impacted by corporate interests in cheap labour
Reimagining Queer Muslim Youth: Is representation enough?
Using an anti-colonial, critical lens, I analyze two young adult novels and one film which present the lives of queer Muslim teenagers in various countries around the world. Locating themes of white saviourism, forced marriage, and the overall negative experience of being a queer Muslim. I ask myself and the readers, is representation enough? Queer children and youth rarely get to see positive examples of themselves. For queer Muslims, literature and media often is the only source where they see their inner desires mirrored back at themselves. This representation must go beyond the phenomenon of their existence, but also shed light on the happiness and fulfilment that can be experienced. Moreover, I urge non-Muslim LGBTQ+ members to move away from the colonial story line of queerness and understand that “coming out” is not the end goal for every queer person, but rather that queerness is an abstract theory that does not encapsulate every experience
Mindfulness Meditation and Obesity
Obesity is an ever-growing epidemic that contributes immensely to the world health burden. Although existing weight loss programs that use techniques such as physical activity and diet have shown significant short-term results, many participants gain back unwanted weight within three to five years. Mindfulness meditation (MM) that teaches individuals how to cultivate higher levels of mindfulness through systematic training has shown promise in areas of increased awareness and control of eating behaviours. This paper aims to explore current literature on mindfulness in relation to obesity and overweight by drawing from the results, strengths and weaknesses and overall implications of the included studies to answer the question: What effect does MM have on weight loss interventions and behaviours of overweight and obese adults in North America? A review of four studies investigating MM and obesity intervention programs was conducted with a focus on psychological health, weight loss management and eating behaviours. Results suggest that MM has positive effects on weight loss interventions and behaviours in overweight and obese adults in North America. These include improvements in mental, physical, emotional, and psychological health. In these studies, mindfulness and weight present an inverse relationship and results show promise in the implementation of MM in obesity intervention programs. Future research suggestions include an analysis of the extent to which mindfulness impacts stress and individual behaviours that lead to weight loss, as well as deciphering how mindfulness delivery methods impact outcomes such as the effects that mindfulness instructors have on participant success
It’s the Little Things: The Biodiversity and Abundance of Insects on Glendon Campus
Insect species are crucial to the integrity of forest environments and serve an important role in the food chain for smaller animals and birds. The aim of our research project was to determine the effects of urbanization on the biodiversity and abundance of insects in the different environmental conditions that Glendon Campus of York University (Toronto, Canada) offers. We set up 4 pitfall traps in 3 different sites on campus: one in an isolated forest, one by the Don River, and the final site by a highly circulated road. We hypothesized that the insect volume would be lowest by the most urban environment (i.e. the road) and the highest in the most natural environment (i.e. in the isolated forest). After a week of specimen collection and microscope identification, our results showed both the most biodiversity an abundance as predicted in the most isolated forest environment and the least amount in the humid environment by the Don River. This highlighted the importance of forest preservation, as it does affect insect species, but also can be extended to other mammals and avian species that prefer undisturbed environments
The Consequences of Police Brutality on Psychological Well-Being and Collective Action
Over the last year, police killings of unarmed Black men and women have led to worldwide protests against police brutality and anti-Black racism in the justice system. Research on racism suggests that being the target of racial discrimination can have averse psychological consequences, but there is a lack of research on the psychological effects of experiencing police brutality. The goal of this study is to investigate whether exposure to police brutality affects the self-esteem of Black students. I will also examine whether exposure to police brutality affects the willingness of Black students to participate in collective action as past research indicates that perceiving discrimination is associated with greater support for political action. One group of participants will read an article describing a situation involving police brutality against a Black victim while another group will read an identical article but with a non-Black victim. After reading the articles, participants will complete measures of stated self-esteem, willingness to participate in collective action, and support for the Black Lives Matter movement. I hypothesize that participants who read an article about police brutality with a Black victim will have lower self-esteem and a greater willingness to participate in collective action than participants who read the article about police brutality with a non-Black victim. If the results support this hypothesis, it will suggest that exposure to police violence has a negative effect on the mental health of Black individuals. It will also provide further evidence for the perception that injustice against the ingroup can lead to greater support for political action