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Regional Perspectives on Learning by Doing: Stories from Engaged Universities Around the World
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Describing investor profiles: A test of the associations among financial knowledge, confidence, and help and information sources
No full textFaced with multiple asset choices for use when developing a household portfolio, investors often turn to various sources of help and information for help before making an investment decision. This study used a large, nationally drawn dataset of individuals who own financial assets to explore the relationships between and among types of investments owned, knowledge characteristics, investor confidence, and help and information sources. General profiles of investors emerged from the analyses that can be used by financial planners to better understand the unique profiles of those who own certain types of investments. Investors who exhibited over-confidence in their financial knowledge were more likely to hold annuities, cash value life insurance, and commodities. It was also determined that financial planners play an important role in promoting diversification and mitigating portfolio risk
The importance of debt for household risky asset allocation and portfolio structure
No full textWhen households decide on risky asset holdings, they do not make the decision in isolation from their debt structure and obligations, vice versa. We examine the joint behavior of debt and financial asset portfolio decisions, while existing empirical research on debt and asset portfolio choices has proceeded separately. In this paper, we first test the relationship between debt structure and asset allocation, then estimate the determinants of debt structure and asset allocation simultaneously. Using the 2016 Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF) data, we find robust evidence that debt structure affects households’ risky asset allocation decisions and identify, in this simultaneous decision-making process, the demographic and financial factors that can contribute to the household overall financial portfolio structure
Elementary Children’s Multiplicative Reasoning: Initial Validation of a Written Assessment
No full textMultiplicative reasoning is essential for students’ engagement with various mathematical concepts. Although the field’s understanding of children’s multiplicative concepts has grown over the past 30 years, relatively few studies have examined the development of multiplicative concepts with whole numbers, and even fewer have studied this phenomenon at scale. The present study reports on the development of an assessment of elementary students’ multiplicative concepts with whole numbers that can be used at a large scale. Findings suggest the initial version of the assessment has sufficient reliability and validity. Further, less than 20% of second grade students and approximately 50% of third grade students participating in the study engage in tasks with at least the first multiplicative concept
Mathematics at Hand
No full textThe emerging field of mathematics educational neuroscience provides researchers with new approaches to understanding mathematical development, as well mathematics itself. This paper focuses on the role of the hand in constructing mathematics through activity. In reviewing results from neuroscience studies, we distinguish three kinds of relevant activity: sensorimotor activity, internalized actions, and interiorized operations. These distinctions and related neuroscience findings contribute to a new sense of mathematical embodiment. They also provide implications for mathematics instruction
What Do We Know About Secondary Mathematics Teacher Preparation in the United States?
No full textThe structures of secondary mathematics teacher preparation (SMTP) programs in the United States are not well documented. This study sought to identify baseline data for SMTP programs. Survey data was collected from 86 different institutions regarding their SMTP programs. Results indicated that most SMTP programs are housed in mathematics departments, with programs often producing less than 10 teachers per year. Additionally, four-year SMTP programs were most common, with nearly all requiring a teaching methods course as well as clinical experiences. Tenure or tenure-track faculty did most student teaching supervision. Half of the participating institutions reported having a capstone course
Age when first employed and retirement wealth of baby boomers
No full textThis study examines how age when first employed is related to retirement savings in later years. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study, we investigate two specific questions: Has age when first employed affected the retirement wealth of baby boomers? If so, to what extent? The results show that age when first employed is negatively associated with accumulated retirement wealth in later years. For college graduates (high school graduates), delaying the start of employment cost 7,534) per year in retirement savings after controlling for demographic characteristics, number of working years, and occupation types