University of Florida Press: Journals
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Jacques Derrida’s TR: Trace, Translation, Deconstruction
No full textA look at Derrida’s translation theory and its influence on translation practice from Japan to Serbo-Croatia
Giuseppe Ungaretti’s “Mattina” and Untranslatability
No full textAn examination of the problems of translating a short but famous poem, Giuseppe Ungaretti’ s “Mattina.
Military Realism: The Logic and Limits of Force and Innovation in the US Army by Peter Campbell
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A Reassessment of Assessing Race: “Ancestry” Estimation and Its Implications for Forensic Anthropology and Beyond
No full textThe articles in this special issue grew from a symposium at the 2020 American Academy of Forensic Sciences Annual Scientific meeting, with the same title as this introduction. The symposium focused on current research and practice of ancestry estimation in forensic anthropology. The symposium concluded with a discussion of the value (or lack thereof) of ancestry estimation as a standard component of the forensic anthropological biological profile. The articles constituting this volume address these questions: What is the current state of race/ancestry estimation in practice? What terminology should we use to describe patterned variation among human populations? How do we sample contemporary populations, and how long are studies built on such samples applicable? What role does genomic data play? Should race/ancestry remain a core component of the biological profile? Further, the issue includes an examination of ancestry estimation in teaching and community outreach. While fine points are still up for debate among these authors, there is general agreement that any future of ancestry estimation must be based in cultural context and evolutionary theory, be sensitive to the importance of terminology employed, and be iteratively reflexive about the relative costs and benefits of this work
Childhood and Adulthood Residency Prediction Using Strontium (87Sr/86Sr) and Oxygen (δ18O) Isotopes for Unidentified Deceased Migrants Recovered in Southern Texas
No full textStrontium and oxygen isotope values are used in conjunction with a maximum likelihood assignment model to predict the childhood and adulthood geographic residences of 20 deceased migrants recovered along the México-U.S. border in south Texas. The objectives of this research are to determine (1) if the childhood and adulthood residency assignments predict the same geographic region, (2) if using the predicted residential history/nationality as a filter on the National Missing and Unidentified Persons System (NamUs) reduces the number of potential matching missing person reports, and (3) if we should target teeth or bone as the optimal hard tissue to sample. We found that 12 of the 20 cases (60%) predict similar regions of residency using isotopes derived from bone bioapatite (adulthood residency) and tooth bioapatite (childhood residency). When predicted residential history/nationality data were used as a filter in NamUs, there was a significant reduction in the mean number of case searches (mean = 1568.5 ± 505.3 [1 SD] vs. 107.9 ± 142.6 [1 SD]; t = 12.441, df = 22, p < 0.001, unequal variances assumed). These results demonstrate the utility of isotope data for narrowing down the region of origin and in turn the number of missing persons records to review. Finally, we recommend that death investigators at minimum collect dental samples (premolars or molars) for future unidentified migrant cases to aid in identification efforts utilizing isotope analytical methods. Bone bioapatite samples can provide more recent residential history information but should be used in conjunction with tooth enamel data
Adaptación del protocolo Weldon Spring como propuesta para la búsqueda de cadáveres e indicios en superficie en áreas naturales protegidas y de conservación ecológica de la Ciudad de México
Get PDFLas instituciones encargadas de administrar e impartir justicia de la Ciudad de México carecen de metodología, técnicas, protocolos y personal altamente capacitado para la búsqueda de personas desaparecidas, por tal razón, no existe una estructura, ni organización para tal acción. Para evitar que se siga actuando de manera empírica, decidimos proponer un modelo de búsqueda de cuerpos humanos e indicios en superficie, tomando en cuenta el conocimiento y experiencia del protocolo Weldon Spring, el cual fue creado, adoptado y aplicado en los Estados Unidos de Norteamérica para casos de desastres masivos. La adaptación de dicho protocolo para la Ciudad de México está enfocado a las áreas naturales protegidas y áreas de conservación ecológica, debido a que son las zonas donde es más probable que se depositen cuerpos humanos, producto de delitos causados por los grupos de delincuencia organizada urbana. Es decir, esas áreas se encuentran geográficamente en las partes altas y alejadas de la ciudad, además de que son zonas que carecen de iluminación, medios de transporte, servicios y seguridad públicos; y que constituye el 23.7% del suelo en conservación. Con este modelo hacemos hincapié de la importancia de hacer un equipo sólido de trabajo, de conocer las áreas naturales, saber cómo está constituida la delincuencia organizada urbana, y también de la necesidad al aplicar la prospección remota y a pie, además de hacer un recorrido organizado que es en transectos, tomar en cuenta el impacto social y económico de usar elementos tecnológicos actuales para georreferenciar el sitio y la implementación de cédulas para registrar los eventos
Experimental Formation of Coffin Wear on Bone
No full textLocalized, eroded flat areas on bones recovered from former coffin burials are hypothesized to have been formed as “coffin wear,” caused by a combination of acidic groundwater pooling in a coffin that is slowly degrading over time, bones coming to rest against a flat surface, and overlying sediments applying pressure. Due to the time expected to be needed for this taphonomic effect to accrue, no experiments have tested this hypothesis. To shorten the timeframe, the authors exposed weighted and unweighted, already skeletonized pig (Sus scrofa) bones for a period of 20 two-week cycles and a sample of previously degraded, assorted nonhuman bones to acidic solutions for 12 two-week cycles. Flattened areas consistent with coffin wear were formed only on the previously degraded sample and were more prevalent and prominent on the subsample that had been weighted down during exposure. These findings may help clarify forensic investigations where bones are suspected to originate from a cemetery burial and not of a more recent origin or non-coffin burial. Additional testing under differing conditions is needed to explore this topic more fully, including long-term burial projects and examination of dated cemetery populations
Reconsidering the Age-Informative Value of the Pubic Symphysis: A Comparison with TA3 Skeletal Traits
No full textEstimated age at death is a critical component of the skeletal biological profile for both forensic and archaeological applications. For adults, the pubic symphysis has long been regarded as the most useful feature for age estimation. This study compares the age-informative value of the pubic symphysis as captured by phase methods (Brooks & Suchey 1990; Hartnett 2010) and individual components, to the large suite of Transition Analysis 3 (TA3) traits distributed throughout the skeleton (Milner et al. 2019). Logistic regression curves (i.e., transition curves) are used to visualize where in the life span different skeletal features provide information and are interpreted to understand the features’ individual and collective age-informative value. A total of 309 individuals (217 males, 92 females) with documented ages at death between 15 and 96 years from the Santiago Subactual Osteology Collection (SSOC) were evaluated. Consistent with published literature, the pubic symphysis age-related information is concentrated in the first half of the life span. In contrast, the TA3 traits collectively provide age-informative data for the entire adult age life span. This is the first published study to characterize the collective age-informative value of the binary and ordinal TA3 traits in an independent sample. These data further support a shift toward the identification, evaluation, and use of a wider array of traits throughout the skeleton as a path toward more informative adult age estimates