University of Florida Press: Journals
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Age-Related Changes to Frontal Sinus Traits and Implications for Forensic Identification
Get PDFForensic studies on frontal sinus identification are often limited to adult samples or utilize static, simulated antemortem images, which overlook any potential temporal changes in sinus morphology. Further, studies on frontal sinus growth typically utilize lateral radiographs and/or are cross-sectional. The current study utilizes a longitudinal sample of frontal radiographs to determine the age at which forensically relevant frontal sinus traits stabilize during growth and development. The sample includes 1500 radiographs of 141 individuals (66F/75M) ranging from three to 56 years of age (yoa). For each individual, trait age-of-stabilization was recorded by identifying the year at which each coded trait became consistent across images.Our results demonstrate that frontal sinus traits stabilize on average 10–15yoa, with sinus presence being the first to stabilize and arcade counts the last. Females generally stabilized earlier (9–14yoa) versus males (10–15yoa). However, sex differences were generallynot statistically significant. Further, traits displayed a high degree of variation with wide standard deviations (~3 years). However, by 21yoa almost all individuals displayed stabilization in all traits, suggesting that little change should be expected with later-aged postmortem radiographs. Still, given the amount of variation, forensic practitioners should be cautious using frontal sinus identification methods in subadults, especially when years may have elapsed between images. When conducting a radiographic comparison that involves a subadult antemortem image, the results of this study may help the practitioner interpret whether the differences between antemortem and postmortem radiographs can be explained by age and time elapsed between radiographs
"Redefining Our Own Center”: An Interview with Stevie Merino
No full textRadical doulas are often on the frontlines supporting multiply marginalized birthing people. In providing emotional and physical support to people in labor, doulas are uniquely positioned to witness, to respond, to intervene in the obstetric racism and other forms of injustice unfolding in birth settings—an invariably rhetorical process. In this interview, we talk with Stevie Merino—medical anthropologist, full-spectrum doula, and the co-founder/executive director of the Birthworkers of Color Collective in Long Beach, California. Merino discusses how reproductive, racial, and queer justice informs her birthwork. This interview highlights the discursive and material strategies queer birthworkers of color deploy to support multiply marginalized clients, and the ways they navigate and challenge the existing medical system
Remember to P.A.C.K. for Racially Inclusive Content Strategy: An Infographic and Call to Action
No full textThe included infographic describes P.A.C.K, guidelines that are a starting point for creating public health tweets that better meet the needs of African American users:• Provide inclusive charts;• Avoid poor timing;• Communicate to individuals; and• Know your potential biases
Lingering Reverberations and/as Challenges in the Rhetoric of Health and Medicine
Get PDFEditors' Introduction to vol. 6 issue
Revisiting the Interaction of the Interest Expense Deduction and the Foreign Tax Credit
No full textThis Article demonstrates that the most appropriate proxy for allocating and apportioning U.S. interest expense is one that first identifies the incremental U.S. deduction benefit attributable to the inclusion of foreign income. Now that the positive section 163(j) limitation enhancement attributable to the inclusion of foreign income into the section 163(j) computation can be readily determined, the allocation and apportionment regime should allocate that amount of U.S. interest expense (and only that amount) because that methodology actually matches the amount of the allocation and apportionment of U.S. interest expense to the actual interest deduction benefit derived from the inclusion of foreign income. The Article sets forth the manner in which this reform proposal would harmonize the section 163(j) disallowance regime with the allocation and apportioinment regime of section 861 and also discusses the advantages that the Article’s reform proposal has over competing paradigms
Gender across Generations: Childhood Food Practices as Socialization Processes in Ancient China
No full textFood is a biological imperative as well as a core material that humans use in socializing ourselves, and the things we choose to consume are infused with cultural meanings. Children, especially very young children, have little agency in subsistence decisions, and therefore the foods that caretakers feed to children may hold profound information about cultural value systems and reveal social processes and idealized identities. Here we focus on relationships between food, sex, and gender in early life by studying the childhood diets of 57 Eastern Zhou period individuals from the Central Plains region of China (771–221 BCE). Using stable isotope analysis of incremental dentin samples, we create detailed dietary histories of childhood years. From very early in life, the average δ15N value for boys is notably higher than the average for girls, indicating slightly more protein consumption for most males, and this continues across childhood. Foods such as meat and millet were highly valued in ancient China and, whether intentional or not, become associated with aspects of sex and gender through preferential feeding to male children. These isotopic data reveal a key aspect of the socializing processes of children across generational interactions with caretakers, with food communicating information about social worth and gender, which becomes embodied in the developing child.
摘要：食物是生物生存必需品，也是人类社会化过程中的的重要材料，人们选择消费的食物常常富含文化意义。儿童，特别是年幼的儿童，不具备自主选择食物的能力，照顾者给儿童的饮食可能包含大量关于社会文化体系的信息，因此可以揭示当时的社会进程和理想化的身份。在本文中，我们通过研究东周时期（公元前771-221年）中国中原地区57名儿童的饮食，以探索早期饮食与生物性别、社会性别之间的关系。通过对序列采样的牙本质样本进行稳定同位素分析，我们重建了详细的儿童期饮食史。结果表明，从幼儿时期开始，男孩饮食的δ15N平均值就明显高于女孩，这表明大多数男孩的饮食中消耗了更多动物蛋白，这种饮食习惯贯穿于整个童年时期。在中国古代，肉类和粟黍等食物被高度重视，无论是有意还是无意，这些食物被更多的喂给男性子嗣从而变得与性别相关。稳定同位素数据揭示了儿童与照顾者之间跨代互动的社会化过程，饮食表达了当时的社会价值和社会性别，并通过发育中的儿童体现出来
Race, Population Affinity, and Mortality Risk during the Second Plague Pandemic in Fourteenth-Century London, England
No full textWe investigate whether hazards of death from plague and physiological stress at a fourteenth-century plague cemetery (Royal Mint, London) differed between populations using N = 49 adults whose affiliation was established using macromorphoscopic traits. Compared to a nonplague cemetery (N = 96), there was a greater proportion of people of estimated African affiliation in the plague burials. Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed higher hazards of death from plague for those with estimated African affiliation. There were higher rates of linear enamel hypoplasia in those with estimated African affiliation, but this finding is not statistically significant. These results provide the first evidence that hazards of plague death were higher for people of estimated African affiliation compared to other affiliations, possibly because of existing inequalities, in addition to migration (free or forced) outcomes. These findings may reflect premodern structural racism’s devastating effects.
Investigamos si los riesgos de la muerte resultando de la peste y estrés fisiológico en un cementerio de la peste del siglo XIV (Royal Mint, Londres) son diferente entre poblaciones de adultos (N = 49) quienes afiliación estuvieron establecido utilizando rasgos macromorfoscópicos. En comparación con un cementerio no asociado con la peste (N = 96), había una proporción más grande de gente estimado tener afiliación africana en los entierros asociados con la peste. Análisis de riesgos proporcional de Cox indicaron que había un riesgo de muerte de la plaga más alto por individuos estimados tener afiliación africana. Había índices más grandes de hipoplasia de esmalte dental en individuos de afiliación africana, pero el nivel estadístico no fue significativo. Los resultados demuestran la primera evidencia que los riesgos de la muerte de la peste fueron más altos por gente de afiliación africana en comparación a otras afinidades, posiblemente como resultado de disparidades sociales en combinación con los efectos de migración (libre o forzada). Los resultados se pueden reflejar las consecuencias devastadoras del racismo estructural premoderno
Friendship and Devotion, or Three Months in Louisiana by Camille Lebrun (trans. by E. Joe Johnson and Robin Anita White)
No full textReview of: Camille Lebrun. Friendship and Devotion, or Three Months in Louisiana. Trans. by E. Joe Johnson and Robin Anita White. University Press of Mississippi, 2021
Global Race War: International Politics and Racial Hierarchy by Alexander D. Barder
No full textReview of: Global Race War: International Politics and Racial Hierarchy by Alexander D. Barder. New York: Oxford University Press, 2021. (272 pages, cloth
Beyond Patriarchy: How Borders Torment Paperless Refugee Women in the Era of Globalization
No full textLe Voile de la Peur (Veil of Fear) by Samia Shariff (2006) is the French autobiography of an abused Algerian wife who describes her forced “illegal” migration to Canada in search of asylum. Shariff’s testimony has so far been seen as the life narrative of an oppressed female fugitive fleeing Islamic “misogyny.” In this article, I offer a more complex assessment that sees Veil of Fear as a border text that unveils the paradoxes of a globalized and yet heavily policed world. My exploration of Shariff’s autobiography emphasizes the contradictions of globalization, which call for borderlessness while policing the mobility of citizens of poor countries. My transnational feminist reading of Shariff’s clandestine journey highlights the intersectional nature of the oppressive forces that torment Algerian women and the wrongness of reducing the problems of Muslim female asylum seekers to patriarchy. My investigation of the difficulties which Shariff faced in migrating to Canada generates a reading of the unauthorized crossing as a bodily act through which paperless women challenge local gendered and global spatial hierarchies