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Beta vulgaris - environmental weed risk assessment 2022
No full textIntroducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Beta vulgaris. Fodder beet (mangelwurzel) is a cultivated root vegetable used to feed livestock either in situ or harvested, although it has also been used for human consumption in Europe. Considered a crop for cool-temperate climates, fodder beet sown in autumn can be grown as a winter crop in warm-temperate to subtropical climates. A very minor crop in south-western Australia, occasionally sown as feed for dairy cattle
Brassica napus - environmental weed risk assessment 2022
No full textIntroducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Brassica napus (canola). Canola is a winter growing oilseed crop from the Brassica family. Canola oil is a vegetable oil derived from a variety of rapeseed that is low in erucic acid. Canola is the third largest broadacre crop grown in south-western Australia and is widely grown as a break crop in cereal rotations. Western Australia (WA) is the major canola growing state in Australia, accounting for nearly 50% of the nation\u27s five-year average production of 3.6 million tonnes. The majority of WA canola is exported – in 2018 the largest export markets were the European Union for biofuel production and Japan and the United Arab Emirates for human use. Canola could be grown in northern WA over the dry season under irrigation, but to date there is limited yield data
Cucurbita maxima - environmental weed risk assessment 2022
No full textIntroducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Squash, gourd (Cucurbita maxima). Squashes are a kind of vegetables which originally came from the New World. Gourds are in the same family as squashes. Although squash is a fruit according to its botanical classification, it is generally considered a vegetable in food preparation
Lotus uliginosus - environmental weed risk assessment 2022
No full textIntroducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Greater lotus (Lotus uliginosus). Greater lotus (big trefoil, syn. Lotus pedunculatus) is a temperate perennial legume native to Europe, eastern Russia and northern Africa. It is used as a pasture species in New Zealand, the United States and Uruguay. In addition, there are about 100 000ha sown to greater lotus in coastal districts of New South Wales and Queensland. Greater lotus is typically grown on acid soils that are waterlogged for extended periods. Greater lotus has had no commercial impact in high rainfall south-western Australia (Moore et al. 2021) and requires annual rainfall greater than 650mm and a growing season longer than 7.5 months to persist (Sandral et al. 2006). As a temperate species there is no apparent role for greater lotus in northern Western Australia
Medicago sativa - environmental weed risk assessment 2022
No full textIntroducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Lucerne, alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Lucerne (alfalfa) is often called the ‘queen of forages’ and is one of the most important fodder crops in the world. Its nutritional properties, palatability and productivity make it the standard by which other fodders are compared. It is the most widely grown temperate perennial legume in the world and is also grown under irrigation in the Middle East. Lucerne has been used with variable success across the Pilbara region under irrigation. Its productivity is typically reduced with high temperatures in the summer wet season and consequently it has been difficult to manage consistently over a 12-month period. The issues for growing lucerne in northern Western Australia (WA) mainly relate to the impact of high to extreme temperatures before the onset of the wet season and over summer, and the high humidity over the wet season in coastal and high rainfall zones on disease incidence and therefore persistence. Stand life is generally only 1–2 years. Cluster caterpillar (Spodoptera litura) has caused substantial damage in some Pilbara crops (Moore et al. 2021)
Panicum coloratum - environmental weed risk assessment 2022
No full textIntroducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Bambatsi panic (Panicum coloratum). Bambatsi panic is a sub-tropical, tufted perennial grass adapted to fertile, clay soils. It will persist on sandy soils but with low productivity
Phalaris aquatica - environmental weed risk assessment 2022
No full textIntroducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Phalaris (Phalaris aquatica). Phalaris is a winter-active, temperate perennial grass native to the Mediterranean region which was introduced into Australia in the late 1800s. It is widely grown in pastures in south-eastern Australia but is a minor pasture species in high rainfall south-western Australia. Phalaris requires annual rainfall greater than 500mm and a growing season longer than 6 months to persist (Sanford 2006). Phalaris has become naturalised and is common along roadsides in high rainfall areas of south-western Australia, particularly on medium-textured soils formed on fresh rock. Phalaris is a cool season grass and is unsuited to northern Western Australia (WA) even under irrigation
Prunus persica - environmental weed risk assessment 2022
No full textIntroducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Peach (Prunus persica). The peach is a deciduous tree native to northwest China, where it was first domesticated and cultivated. Western Australia\u27s stone fruit production of nectarines, peaches, plums and apricots is from the Perth Hills, Southwest and Gingin regions. The potential to grow low-chill stonefruit in the inland Pilbara is being evaluated
Triticum aestivum - environmental weed risk assessment 2022
No full textIntroducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Wheat (Triticum aestivum). Wheat is an annual grass widely cultivated for its seed, a cereal grain which is a worldwide staple food. It is the major temperate cereal grown across the grain growing areas of southern Australia and in temperate and subtropical environments around the world. Wheat cultivation goes back to ancient times and seems to originate from around the Middle East. Wheat became domesticated through cultivation of wild grains and farmers favouring traits which were beneficial for them. Traits that improve wheat quality, decrease the seed dispersal mechanism, so domesticated wheat cannot survive in the wild. Wheat is the major grain crop produced in south-western Australia both in terms of area and value. Western Australia (WA) generates about 50% of Australia\u27s total wheat production with more than 95% exported, predominantly to Asia and the Middle East. Wheat could be grown in northern WA over the dry season under irrigation, but to date there is limited yield data. The most suitable wheat cultivar for the climate in the inland zones is still to be determined as conditions (latitude, temperature) are unlike any of the main cereal growing regions across Australia (Moore et al. 2021)
Trifolium vesiculosum - environmental weed risk assessment 2022
No full textIntroducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Arrowleaf clover (Trifolium vesiculosum). Arrowleaf clover (Trifolium vesiculosum) is an upright, annual pasture legume which occurs naturally in the Mediterranean Basin (Italy, Greece, Corsica, western Turkey, the Balkans and north of the Black Sea). Arrowleaf clover is a long season annual suited to forage production systems which grows strongly in spring but has poor winter growth. In experimental trials in northern Western Australia (WA) the annual legumes and herbs had good feed quality but in general, with low forage yields under irrigation, are unlikely to be economically viable (Moore et al. 2021)