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A barley pan-transcriptome reveals layers of genotype-dependent transcriptional complexity
No full textA pan-transcriptome describes the transcriptional and post-transcriptional consequences of genome diversity from multiple individuals within a species. We developed a barley pan-transcriptome using 20 inbred genotypes representing domesticated barley diversity by generating and analyzing short- and long-read RNA-sequencing datasets from multiple tissues. To overcome single reference bias in transcript quantification, we constructed genotype-specific reference transcript datasets (RTDs) and integrated these into a linear pan-genome framework to create a pan-RTD, allowing transcript categorization as core, shell or cloud. Focusing on the core (expressed in all genotypes), we observed significant transcript abundance variation among tissues and between genotypes driven partly by RNA processing, gene copy number, structural rearrangements and conservation of promotor motifs. Network analyses revealed conserved co-expression module::tissue correlations and frequent functional diversification. To complement the pan-transcriptome, we constructed a comprehensive cultivar (cv.) Morex gene-expression atlas and illustrate how these combined datasets can be used to guide biological inquiry
Fisheries Research Report No. 353: Ecological Risk Assessment for the North Coast Demersal Scalefish Resource
No full textOn the 26 March 2025, the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development (DPIRD) convened an ecological risk assessment (ERA) of the fisheries that access the North Coast Demersal Scalefish Resource (Resource). This Resource comprises a large number of tropical demersal scalefish species that occur in waters of the North Coast Bioregion, including tropical snappers, emperors and cods.
This document contains the results of the ERA along with the background information used to support the risk scoring process. This includes an overview of the Western Australian commercial fisheries that access the Resource, namely the Pilbara Fish Trawl Interim Managed Fishery, the Pilbara Trap Managed Fishery, the Pilbara Line Fishery and the Northern Demersal Scalefish Managed Fishery, and an overview of the recreational and charter fisheries that access the Resource
Fisheries Science Update - Pilbara Fishing Competition Science 2020 to 2024 - July 2025
No full textKey Points: Pilbara recreational fishing competitions are helping to track the sustainability of pelagic species like Spanish mackerel. Over 500 pelagic fish have been sampled at Pilbara fishing competitions over 5 years. This information goes towards DPIRD’s assessment of Spanish mackerel and monitoring the large pelagic resource in the North Coast Bioregion
The Paddock Challenge: comparing business as usual with recommended stocking rates
No full textCattle producers love a challenge. Will getting their stocking rates right provide production stability and allow for land condition improvement on a commercial property in Central Australia? The Paddock Challenge is a component of the Rain Ready Rangelands Project funded by the Australian Government Future Drought Fund, with the philosophy that learning through doing is the key to adoption. It aims to work with commercial producers to adopt, demonstrate and test the learnings from the Quality Graze project under their unique circumstances, and to use data to drive stocking rate and development decisions. Two pastoral stations, 400km southwest and 300km northwest of Alice Springs, Australia (Fig. 1), are collaborating with the Northern Territory Department of Agriculture and Fisheries to test the Quality Graze recommendations and compare their grazing management to a \u27Challenge\u27 paddock where a strategy adapted from Quality Graze is being applied. Comparisons and benchmarking are at the whole pad dock or water-point scale, depending on station infrastructure. The first year of the challenge involved working with producers to explore their current management, collecting baseline data on pastures, animal performance, landscape use, nutrition, and health. Station data were used to inform bioeconomic modelling of the economic impacts of different stocking and management strategies. The project collaborated with producers to develop strategies aimed at enhancing the rain responsiveness of their landscapes, thereby reducing the impact of climate variability on land condition and animal production and build the climate resilience of their businesses
Minimum standards of maturity for table grapes 2025-2026
No full textThe table shows the approved minimum standard of maturity for each of the standard varieties listed when tested using the approved method. The approved method for testing these varieties is to test the brix (sugar level) of the fruit using a refractometer
Western Australia’s Primary Industries: 2021-22 Economic Overview
No full textThe Western Australia’s Primary Industries: 2021-22 Economic Overview (WAPIEO) is developed by DPIRD in partnership with the Forest Products Commission.
The WAPIEO has a trade focus and provides a single source for consistent statistics and insights on observed industry trends.
The WAPIEO is based primarily on 2021-22 economic indicators from the Department of Treasury, DPIRD data, and statistics from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), in line with the release cycle dates of final ABS data
Skeleton weed in Western Australia: Control program 2024–2025
No full textKey program changes
Winter eradication program
New herbicide recommendations for control in crops, legume based annual pastures, plantations and glyphosate tolerant canola. The minimum size of ‘squares’ (infested areas) has been reduced from 40 m x 40 m (0.16 ha) to 20 m x 20 m (0.04 ha) to help reduce the winter treatment area. Landholders will need to consult with DPIRD/LAG officers to assess the degree of infestation before working or cultivating through squares in Code 1 paddocks. Clopyralid (LontrelTM) herbicide will no longer be provided for treatment on heavily infested paddocks. Landholders will still be required to undertake chemical control on these paddocks.
Summer search program
Summer searching requirements Landholders are required to search all Code 1, 2 and 3 paddocks as per search protocols.
Search assistance Provided to assist landholders with searching and mapping infested paddocks. Significant changes made to paddock eligibility for search assistance in 2024-25, now limited to Code 1 and New Find paddocks. Code 3 and re-infested Code 2 paddocks are no longer eligible.
Reinfested paddocks Any Code 2 or 3 paddocks where plants are found become “re-infested” Code 1 paddocks. Landholders must complete a full search and mark infested areas (squares) for dGPS mapping. - Squares mapped under the Program are eligible for winter treatment assistance - These Code 1 paddocks are eligible for search assistance in the next search season (2025/26) Skeleton weed control program 2024–25 Landholders are encouraged to crop infested / re-infested paddocks and apply a recommended in-crop treatment across the whole paddock. This will help to control plants not found (outside the dGP’d areas) and compliment the eradication treatment on the infested “squares.https://library.dpird.wa.gov.au/bs_bulletins/1003/thumbnail.jp
Skeleton weed in Western Australia: 2025 Management guide
No full textSkeleton weed can reduce crop yields by competing for moisture and nutrients (mainly nitrogen).
This guide helps you manage and eradicate skeleton weed infestations on your property, and helps to stop the spread across WA.
Without the coordinated program aimed at controlling the spread, skeleton weed would now be much more abundant and widely established throughout cereal growing areas.
If you find skeleton weed on your property, we can help you get rid of it.
Skeleton weed is unpredictable and can spread over long distances due to wind dispersal, but once identified it can be managed effectively and eradicatedhttps://library.dpird.wa.gov.au/bs_bulletins/1002/thumbnail.jp
What’s the best way to store toxic 1080 baits?
No full textBeing able to store toxic baits could allow livestock producers to target ‘hot spots’ of predator activity, supplementing or even replacing broadscale baiting, therefore avoiding potential risk of bait-resistant populations. We compared 1080 dose recovered from dried meat baits (DMB; camel, horse and kangaroo) and sausage baits stored by different methods (shed, locked transport box, freezer, cryo-vacuumed) to identify whether they were still lethal, and address concern that freezing/thawing could result in loss of the water-soluble 1080 toxicant. We developed a bait collection method to halt microbial activity (preserving 1080 dose), al-lowing collection of baits manufactured under field conditions by five regional Recognised Biosecurity Groups according to their own schedule and methods. We assayed 351 baits (including 43 negative control baits, i.e., no toxicant), just over half (54%) of which were manufactured by us, using consistent meat masses, 1080 doses, and drying methods. For freshly manufactured baits, there was good consistency in bait manufacture, with no significant difference in recovered 1080. For stored baits, there was no effect of time on recovered 1080 for up to 2 months (maximum length of study), indicating different storage methods were equally effective in maintaining lethal baits. Manufactured sausage baits contained significantly more 1080 than DMB manufactured for this study, and showed substantial variability in recovered 1080 dose, which could reflect gun handling error. Storage in a locked transport box resulted in marked insect damage, likely rendering baits unattractive to target species. Freezing baits did not result in reduced 1080 dose. The majority (93%) of deployed/stored baits had a lethal 1080 dose recovered (13/192 baits were below theLD50 for a 20 kg dingo). Dry shed storage is prescribed as best practice, but freezing baits does not reduce their toxic dose. Future testing for longer durations of storage would be beneficial