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Skeleton Weed Program 2024-25: Annual report to grain growers
No full textSkeleton weed is a major pest of grain crops and can significantly reduce grain crop yields by competing for moisture and nutrients (mainly nitrogen), due to its deep perennial root system.
Skeleton weed is a declared plant in WA under section 22 of the Biosecurity and Agriculture Management Act (2007) and is assigned to control category 2 (Eradication) for the whole of the State, except in the Narembeen and Yilgarn Shires, where it is category 3 (Management).
Modelling indicates that under a nil management scenario, the cost to WA broadacre agriculture will be approximately 2.8 million per year.
With annual program costs of approximately 15.8 million over twenty years
Metabolic Responses to Salinity Identify a Role for Mitochondrial 2-Oxoglutarate Dehydrogenase in Wheat Tissue Tolerance
No full textWheat is a staple crop crucial for global food security, but its production is significantly affected by salt stress. Exploring natural genetic diversity in wheat can identify ways to improve salt tolerance. We subjected five wheat genotypes: Mocho de Espiga Branca (enhanced tissue tolerance), Fretes (tissue tolerance), Wyalkatchem and Westonia (salt exclusion) and Westonia Nax1 (enhanced salt exclusion), to 150 mM NaCl for 8 days. We measured changes in biomass, photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, Na+/K+ ratios and protein abundance. Mocho maintained growth despite high tissue Na+, showing physiological tolerance supported by differential regulation of mitochondrial proteins, central carbon metabolism, the GABA shunt and compatible solutes. Mitochondrial complexome profiling revealed salt-induced instability of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDC) and a hydroxyglutarate synthase orthologue (HglS). In vitro assays confirmed subtle but significant OGDC activity and stability differences in Mocho, which also retained higher TCA cycle enzyme levels in vivo. Whole-plant treatment with the OGDC inhibitor succinyl phosphonate reproduced salt-like reductions in chlorophyll and biomass, particularly in Mocho. These findings highlight distinct strategies of tissue tolerance and salt exclusion in wheat, emphasising OGDC\u27s role in Mocho\u27s salt tolerance and pointing to metabolic pathways that could improve tissue tolerance traits and support sustainable agriculture
BEN Signage Installation Map – Town of Mosman Park
No full textBeach Emergency Number (BEN) Signage Installation Map – Town of Mosman Parkhttps://library.dpird.wa.gov.au/gis_bens/1043/thumbnail.jp
Field-scale gene flow of fungicide resistance in Pyrenophora teres f. teres and the effect of selection pressure on the population structure
No full textHordeum I genome unlocks adaptive evolution and genetic potential for crop improvement
No full textCrop wild relatives (CWRs) are invaluable for crop improvement. Among these, Hordeum I-genome species exhibit exceptional tolerance to alkali and salt stresses. Here we present a chromosome-scale genome assembly of Hordeum brevisubulatum (II, 2n = 2x =14) and genome resequencing of 38 diploid germplasms spanning 7 I-genome species. We reveal that the adaptive evolution of the H. brevisubulatum genome is shaped by structural variations, some of which may contribute to its adaptation to high alkali and salt environments. Evolutionary duplication of the stress sensor-responder module CaBP-NRT2 and the horizontally transferred fungal gene Fhb7 were identified as novel alkaline–saline tolerance mechanisms. We also demonstrate the potential of the Hordeum I genome in crop breeding through the newly synthesized hexaploid Tritordeum (AABBII) with enhanced alkaline–saline tolerance. Our study fills critical gaps in Hordeum genomics and CWR research, advancing introgression of CWR resources into current crops for sustainable agriculture
Fisheries Research Report No. 350: Recreational vessel retrievals in Western Australia - 2009 to 2024
No full textThis report provides a time series (2009 – 2024) of the total number of recreational vessel (powerboat) retrievals at a spatial (boat ramp) and temporal (annual, month, hour) resolution for 32 boat ramps distributed from Wyndham to Esperance. This time series has been developed using a workflow that outlines each step, from acquiring raw video data to producing a completed time series of vessel retrievals. As part of this workflow, modelling was undertaken to impute counts of vessel retrieval for sites and hours for which data had not been read, or for which there were significant outages. Features within the General Additive Model (GAM) include inherent spatial and temporal variables (i.e., bioregion, site, month), as well as climatic variables (i.e., wind speed, wave height)
Options for fox control
No full textFoxes can cause significant losses to some agricultural producers, and they prey on many native animals. The best option is to control foxes before they become a problem. This factsheet explains the available options fox control and when these options should be use
Transcription factors – Insights into abiotic and biotic stress resilience and crop improvement
No full textNumerous crop traits are controlled by multiple gene-networks. These gene-networks play a crucial role in crop evolution, disease prevention, stress adaptation and other fundamental processes in different organisms. Transcription factors (TFs) are master regulators of gene-networks and therefore have been targets for genetic improvement in crops since the dawn of agriculture. Enhancement of quantitative traits through plant breeding often involves manipulation of several TF sites and altered RNA expression. Advancements in OMICS technology have significantly expanded our understanding of transcription factor (TF) binding sites in plants and their roles in various biological processes. This progress has facilitated the validation of TF-related mutations and alleles, offering breeders new opportunities to achieve rapid genetic gains in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. The crop improvements using TFs as master targets is irrespective of crop type, mode of inheritance, number of operative genes and their interactions. Here, we review some of the intensively studied families of TFs– bZIP, bHLH, NAC, ATAF, AP2/ERF, MYB, and WRKY for abiotic and biotic stress resilience in crops and their potential as targets for crop improvement. Breeders’ perspective on status and relevance of TFs in the current breeding programs, utilization of precision editing and prospects of using TFs as regular targets in future crop improvement is discussed
Fisheries Occasional Publication No. 149 - Economic Contribution of Wild-catch Fishing in Western Australia, 2024: Beyond Gross Value of Production
No full textThe wild-catch fishing industry plays a significant role in Western Australia’s economy, particularly in regional communities. This report summarises the economic contribution of the commercial wild-catch fishing sector in 2024, based on REMPLAN’s input-output (I-O) modelling methodology and DPIRD data and analysis. This report focuses on key economic indicators including total economic output, gross value added (GVA), and employment (FTEs).
Key findings: Total Economic Output of the wild-catch fishing industry is 487 million (value of profit, wages, salaries and net taxes) Employment within the wild-catch fishing industry is 3,275 Full-Time Equivalents (FTEs )https://library.dpird.wa.gov.au/fr_fop/1091/thumbnail.jp
Resource assessment report no. 2: West Coast Demersal Scalefish Resource 2025 assessment
No full textThe West Coast Demersal Scalefish Resource (WCDSR) comprises over 100 species inhabiting inshore (20-250 m deep) and offshore ( \u3e 250 m deep) waters of the West Coast Bioregion (WCB; north of Kalbarri to east of Augusta). The WCDSR is primarily targeted by commercial, charter and recreational boat-based line fishers, including the commercial West Coast Demersal Scalefish (Interim) Managed Fishery (WCDSIMF). Indicator species selected for monitoring and assessing the status of the inshore suite of the WCDSR include Snapper, WA Dhufish and Baldchin Groper, while indicators for the offshore suite include Hapuku, Bass Groper and Blue-eye Trevalla.
The WCDSR is more than halfway through a 20-year recovery plan to recover stocks by 2030. As outlined in the WCDSR harvest strategy, the recovery of the resource is currently monitored through annual reviews of total removals (including retained catches and estimates of post-release mortality) against specific recovery benchmarks for each sector, as well as periodic stock assessments of each indicator species (DPIRD 2021). The 2025 WCDSR assessment presented in this report incorporates catch and effort information collected up to 2024 (inclusive), as well as biological data on the sizes and ages of fish sampled from commercial and recreational catches in each management area (Kalbarri, Mid-West, Metropolitan and South-West) up until 2021-22 (inclusive).
Total removals of demersal scalefish by commercial fisheries in the WCB in 2024 (291 t) were well above the 240 t recovery benchmark in place for that year. The total removals of key demersal scalefish species collectively caught by boat-based recreational and charter fishers in the WCB in 2023-24 (217 t), derived from the 2023-24 survey of private boat-based fishing and reported charter catches in the same year, were also well above the 135 t recovery benchmark for this sector. These data show that the substantial management changes implemented in 2023 have not been effective at reducing fishing mortality to the level required to support recovery.
The WCDSR provides a high social amenity to fishers, with the indicator species representing primary targets for recreational fishers in the WCB. The estimated gross value of product (GVP) of the commercial WCDSIMF was $1-5 million in 2024