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Analytical Solutions of Fuzzy Linear Differential Equations in the Conformable Setting
Get PDFIn this paper, we provide the generalization of two predefined concepts under the name fuzzy conformable differential equations. We solve the fuzzy conformable ordinary differential equations under the strongly generalized conformable derivative. For the order , we use two methods. The first technique is to resolve a fuzzy conformable differential equation into two systems of differential equations according to the two types of derivatives. The second method solves fuzzy conformable differential equations of order by a variation of the constant formula. Moreover, we generalize our results to solve fuzzy conformable ordinary differential equations of a higher order. Further, we provide some examples in each section for the sake of demonstration of our results
Certain subclasses of harmonic functions involving Mittag-Leffler Function
Get PDFIn this article, the differential operator for harmonic function related with Mittag-Leffler function is described to familiarise a new class of complex-valued harmonic functions which are orientation preserving, univalent in the open unit disc. We conquer certain significant aspects, such as distortion limits, preservation of convolution, and convexity constraints, which are also addressed. Furthermore, with the use of sufficiency criteria, we calculate sharp bounds of the real parts of the ratios of harmonic functions to its sequences of partial sums. Besides, some of the interesting consequences of our investigation are also included
Linguistic Diffusion in the Development of Hausa Language
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to prove that intercultural relationship and sufficient contact between Hausa and other languages result in linguistic diffusion or borrowing. The study adopts both the historical and descriptive survey research design, predicated on the need for a brief history of Hausa and the donor languages, and descriptive design to facilitate the use of secondary data generated from textbooks, theses, dissertations, seminar and conference papers. The study traces the location of Hausa people in order to vividly comprehend the nature of contact with the donor languages which effectively bears on the objective nature of the borrowed words. It is in this light that three types of language relationship emerged: genetic, typological and cultural. The intercultural relationship can be unidirectional (English and Hausa) or bi-directional (Hausa and Yoruba). The work provides concrete examples from Tuareg, Fulfulde, Kanuri, Yoruba, Nupe, Arabic and English languages to demonstrate the long contact with the Hausa language. The study finally observes suppressive interference on the structures of Hausa especially from Arabic and English, which have attained second language status in Hausa society, which, again, does not make the language lose its originality.
Anti-hyperglyceamic Effects of Psidium guajava LINN Crude Leaf Extracts and Fractions in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Mice
Get PDFIn Nigeria, rural inhabitants often resort to herbal remedies and dietary control for the treatment and management of various forms of diabetes mellitus. This study was conducted to provide the rationale for the use of Psidium guajava leaves as a potent traditional anti-diabetic remedy. The crude leaf extracts of n-hexane, methanol, and ethyl acetate of Psidium guajava were separately prepared by cold maceration. Then, ethyl acetate crude extract of Psidium guajava leaves was fractionated by column chromatography to yield ethyl acetate bulked fractions: EF-I (1-75), EF-II (76-150), and EF-III (151-250). The n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol crude leaf extracts and ethyl acetate bulked fractions (EF-I, EF-II and EF-III) were evaluated for anti-diabetic activity in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The blood sugar levels of treated and untreated alloxan-induced diabetic mice were assayed as indices of anti-diabetic effect. The phytochemical constituents of both crude extracts and ethyl acetate fractions of Psidium guajava leaves and the mean lethal dose (LD50) of ethyl acetate crude leaf extract of Psidium guajava were determined. The mean lethal dose (LD50) of ethyl acetate crude leaf extract was calculated to be 1500mg/kg b.w. The results indicated that oral administration of ethyl acetate, n-hexane, methanol crude extracts, and ethyl acetate bulked fractions of Psidium guajava leaves at a dose of 100mg/kg b.w on treated groups exhibited much significant[p<0.001, p<0.01and p<0.05]anti-hyperglyceamic effect by ameliorating high blood sugar levels of alloxan-induced diabetic treated mice, while EF-II and EF-III showed non-significant[p>0.05] anti-hyperglyceamic activity for the reduction in blood sugar levels compared with the negative and positive control groups. The anti-diabetic potency of the crude leaf extracts and ethyl acetate fractions were in the order; EC>HC>MC>EF-I>EF-II>EF-III. The results of phytochemical screening of the crude extracts and ethyl acetate bulked fractions showed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, and steroids while reducing sugar was absent. The results from this study gives credence to the use of Psidium guajava as an anti-diabetic agent in the management of diabetes mellitus
Analysis of Translation Mistakes of Compound Nouns from English into Arabic among Yemeni University EFL Students
Get PDFThe present study is devoted to the discussion on errors of English translation into Arabic with special reference to English compound nouns. The study is confined to the students of the Department of English, Faculty of education, Hodeidah University, Yemen as they face various difficulties and commit errors while translating English compound nouns into Arabic and vice versa. The researcher aims at examining multiple factors responsible for this state of affairs and make pedagogical suggestions to improve teaching and learning and thereby helping in the process of translation. For this study, the researcher has collected the data by conducting the test of 40 students of I to IV level, Department of English, Hodeidah University, Yemen. The test consists of one question having three items and each item has five words. In findings, the researcher concludes that the students face various difficulties and obstacles in the process of translating English compounds into Arabic. Moreover, they commit a number of mistakes while translating English compounds.
The Challenges of Functional Adult Literacy: A Descriptive Study on EFL Learners in Beqaa District
Get PDFThe world witnesses a rapid change as a result of the technological revolution thatshapes people's daily lives. This new lifestyle demands from 21st-century students new skills such as communication, collaboration, critical thinking, and computer skills. However, it is noticeable that literate people in Lebanon lack these skills which hinder their success at the professional and social levels. In this way, functional literacy is needed to help the literate to read, write, do calculations, and solve technical problems in the social and professional context. Therefore, this research conducted descriptive research on 100 EFL literate in the Beqaa using a questionnaire and a poll to test functional literacy level and to determine the challenges that prevent adult literates to act as functional literate in the 21st-century. The results affirmed that nearly half of EFL adult literates in the Beqaa district can act as functional literates, but the majority of them are at the intermediate level. The results also revealed that they need more improvements regarding developing English skills, technological skills, and numeracy skills. Thus, it is recommended to design training courses that develop functional adult literacy skills by presenting them in a procedure that depends on promoting communication, collaboration, critical thinking, and computer skills so that that the adult learners can substitute the gaps they missed in their educational systems and contribute in the sustainable development of the societ
Exploration of Impoliteness and Violation of Politeness Maxims among Undergraduates of Madonna University, Nigeria
Get PDFIt is not uncommon for people to take offence over what is said and how it is said. These actions often cause conflict and clash of interest in language use in society. Besides, scholars have decried the paucity of research on impoliteness. The paper therefore seeks to fill the gap in knowledge by conducting a research on impoliteness and maxim violations among undergraduates of Madonna University Nigeria, Okija campus. The study employed the obstructive observation method to observe instances of maxim violations and impoliteness among the students for a period of four months from November 2020 to February2021. Data for the study were collected through recorded language use of the students which were done as not to deter the students in their conversations. The recorded texts were later transcribed and analysed. Being a qualitative research, data for the study were analysed using a textual method. The analysis was done using Leechian politeness maxims. The paper concludes that studies on politeness and conversational maxim observance should be part of students’ curriculum in order to understand clearly how to avoid conflicts in language use in the university system
A Socio Semiotic Approach to Multimodal Discourse of Selected Nollywood Film Advertisement Posters
Get PDFFilm posters are complex forms of visual communication basically employed to promote films so as to seek for patronage from prospective viewers. Nollywood film poster designers or marketers employ a complex system of modes of multimodal communication to achieve their intended objectives. This study therefore investigates how these semiotic resources reveal the intention of the film poster designers and how other contextual variables influence the ability of the viewers to comprehend the messages embedded in film posters. The objectives of the study are to uncover the visual and linguistic semiotic resources in the film advertisement posters and their interaction. The study adopts a qualitative approach to the analyses of six randomly selected Nollywood film advertisement posters of three genres, namely: drama, thriller and comedy. Yuen’s Generic Structure Potential and Royce’s Ideational Intersemiotic Complementarity serve as the basis for the analysis of the selected texts. The study reveals that visual modes are more salient and frequently employed in the advertisement posters than the linguistic modes. However, both the visual and the linguistic modes offer complementary relationship for effective meaning-making in the selected Nollywood advertisement posters. The meanings derived are often contextual which appeal to the audience reasoning and sustain their interests. The study concludes by emphasizing the importance of the synergy of both linguistic and visual multimodal resources or modes of signification in the successful meaning-making and meaning-comprehension in the study of visual communication
The An Analysis of India’s Trade Flow with BIMSTEC nations- A Gravity Model Approach
No full textAt present, the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) represent 22 percent of the global population and carries immense economic promise, with a combined GDP worth $ 3.5 trillion (2018). BIMSTEC have India as the largest economy of the group followed by Bangladesh, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Myanmar and Bhutan. The paper tries to examine the impact of determinants of trade, on trading pattern of India with the BIMSTEC nations, by employing an augmented gravity model on panel data, since its formation for the period of 22 years i.e., from 1997-2018. The paper tries to examine the India’s trade flow within BIMSTEC trading bloc by implying augmented gravity model followed by Egger (2000,2002), Baltagi et al. (2003) and Serlenga and Shin (2007). Several checks have been performed to imply the presence of serial correlation, heteroscedasticity and contemporaneous correlation in the panels. Many other preliminary tests have also been performed to know the crosssectional dependency, stationarity, panel co-integration and normality of variables. The simple panel OLS estimation technique has been used conduct Regression. The study finds out that Heckscher-Ohlin- Samuelson theorem explain the India’s pattern of trade with the bloc. The variables GDP, per capita GDP, Trade GDP ratio, common border and belonging to BIMSTEC has positive impact on the trade between the India and country j. While tax and distance are negatively correlated with total trade of the nations as per our expectations
"Exploring the Association between Job Satisfaction and Productivity: Empirical Evidence from India"
Get PDFThe study aimed to study the impact of job satisfaction on employee’s productivity. The study is based on primary data, which was collected from Poona College.
The questionnaire was distributed to the employees in Poona College. According to H.R department, there are 300 employees in the college. They are taking place in every level and filed. In obtaining the sample size of the population, employees in Poona College were selected. The researcher further selected 15% of employees, it was counted in the formula of (300*15/100=45).
Results revealed that satisfied employees have positive attitudes about their jobs. Satisfied workers are tend to work on time, loyalty and commitment to the job, tend to improve knowledge, willing to accept more responsibility, with a reduction of absenteeism. The positive attitudes will increase the quality and quantity of employees’ performance. Therefore, such a situation is good for an organization but some organizations do not concern about satisfaction of employees. Hence, if organizations can be more concerned about the job satisfaction of employees’ better productivity can be expected, as the relationship between satisfaction and productivity is positive and significant. This aspect should be given more consideration by the managers in order to improve productivity