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A disoriented homecoming: the scattered identity in Inaam Kachachi's The American Granddaughter
Get PDFThe novel challenges the derealization loss in the context of Iraqi war fiction by trying to portray the dark reality of the US invasion. The American granddaughter is not only about war trauma, memories, atrocities, and the huge loss caused by an endless and unjust war waged against a sovereign country. It is about, as the paper argues, a disoriented homecoming and the scattered identity of Zeina, the protagonist, who appears to be a dissociative personality. This paper also explores how the protagonist’s dual identity crisis is of a unique type as it is being questioned through three stages. Exile and the coming back on an American military truck as a translator for the invaders’ army attacking her origin homeland and finally returning to the United States only to find herself unfit for both homes
Exploring Learning Strategies and Characteristics of Good Language Learners Among EFL Graduate Students in Morocco: A Case Study
Get PDFThe article presents the findings of a case study that examines the learning strategies and characteristics of successful language learners among EFL graduate students. The study investigates the language learning approaches employed by these students and explores the extent to which they possess the traits that define effective language learners. The research involved a sample (N=118) of graduate students from the Master’s and Doctorate programs in Morocco. The data were collected using a questionnaire that was adapted from the original version developed by Oxford (1990) that focused on different types of learning strategies. The results reveal high levels of engagement in memory, metacognitive, cognitive, compensatory, and affective strategies, indicating the proficiency and commitment of the participants as language learners. While the use of social strategies received a moderate rating, the study underscores the importance of individual learning and personal strategies for these students. The findings support the notion that graduate students possess the characteristics of good language learners, including self-motivation, positive attitudes, metacognitive awareness, and resourcefulness. The implications of these findings suggest the integration of diverse learning strategies into language teaching, learner training programs, and further exploration of social strategies. The study contributes to our understanding of successful language learning among graduate students and provides insights into the effective strategies and traits that contribute to their learning process
FEATURE SUBSET GENERATION FOR ENSEMBLE LEARNING USING FEATURE CLUSTERING AND MUTUAL INFORMATION
Get PDFEnsemble learning is a powerful technique for constructing accurate predictive models. Feature subset generation is an important step for ensemble learning. This paper proposes feature clustering and mutual information as a new feature subset generation method for ensemble learning. The proposed feature subset generation technique clusters the features using a hierarchical clustering algorithm. Mutual information is used to compute the similarity between the features within each cluster. Feature subset generation is then performed by selecting the most informative features from each cluster. Experiments are conducted on a real-world dataset to compare the proposed feature subset generation technique to other existing feature subset generation techniques. The experimental results show that the proposed technique outperforms existing feature subset generation techniques.
 
Fractional Multiplicative Corrected Dual-Simpson type inequalities
Get PDFThis paper delves into the realm of inequalities, focusing on the corrected dual Simpson-type inequalities for fractional multiplicative integrals. Based on a new identity, we establishe some new inequalities via multiplicative s-convexity. Finaly, we provide some applications of the obtained results to special means in the frame of multiplicative calculus
APPROACHES FOR SOLVING ROUTING AND SECURITY ISSUES IN MOBILE AD-HOC NETWORKS (MANETs): A REVIEW
Get PDFMobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) have been very popular for some years now owing to their ability to allow communication in dynamic and infrastructure-less environments. However, the unique characteristics of MANETs, such as node mobility, limited power resources, and absence of centralized infrastructure, pose challenges in ensuring efficient routing and robust security. This paper presents a review of the existing techniques aimed at improving routing protocols and security in MANETs. Scholarly articles, conference papers, and technical reports published in notable research outlets were sourced. Then, the papers were categorized into two main areas: routing techniques and security mechanisms based on the target of this work. Regarding routing techniques, this review discusses the evolution of traditional routing protocols, including proactive, reactive, and hybrid approaches, and highlights their strengths and limitations. Moreover, the review presents some recent advancement such as location-based, Quality of Service (QoS)-aware, and energy-efficient routing protocols, which address specific challenges in MANETs. In terms of security mechanisms, this review provides an overview of the various threats and attacks that MANETs are susceptible to, including black hole, wormhole, and Sybil attacks. The review then examines the countermeasures proposed in the literature to tackle the security challenges. This article further highlights the emerging trends and research directions in the field of MANETs which include blockchain-based security, machine learning-assisted routing, and Internet of Things (IoT) integration. It is believed that this review can provide further insights to researchers in this domain
On Orthogonality of Elementary Operators in Normed Spaces
Get PDFIn this note, we give a detailed survey on characterization of orthogonality of elementary operators innormed spaces. In particular, we consider these operators when they are finite and unveil new conditionswhich are necessary and sufficient for their orthogonality. Lastly, we characterize Birkhoff-James orthogonal-ity for this class of operators
A Comparative Study on English and Persian Subtitles of Korean Slangs: A Case of Television Variety Show Running Man
Get PDFRegarding the challenges in translating slang expressions, This study aimed at describing the translation strategies of Korean slang expressions translation, particularly secondary slang according to Chapman’s (1998) theory, by two translators of English and Persian languages in the form of subtitles in a Korean variety show entitled Running Man. The researcher intended to first identify the most frequently used strategies by both English and Persian subtitlers to translate slang expressions, particularly secondary slang, and then compare them to find the differences that may exist between the translation strategies applied by translators for subtitling the slang in English and Persian languages. This research followed the descriptive quantitative method and the subtitling strategies used in this TV variety shows were classified. To analyze the data, Baker’s (1992) model was employed, the data was put in SPSS and a chi-square test was run to identify significant differences among the strategies used by Persian and English translators for subtitling the Korean slang expressions in the named TV show. The results indicated that there was a significant difference between the strategies used by Persian and English translators. Out of Baker’s (1992) eight micro-strategies, the English translator applied five of them and the Iranian translator used six of them. The most commonly used strategies by English subtitlers were Classification ‘B’ and ‘D’ of Baker’s (1992) model and the most frequent strategies applied by Persian subtitlers were Classification ‘B’ and ‘F’. The researchers concluded that the dominant strategy used by both the English and the Persian translators was Classification ‘B’ and none of them used Classification ‘H’. Finally, it is suggested that the findings and literature of this study can be used in the slang translation process, by instructors, translators, and subtitlers; moreover, it is beneficial for other researchers in this area
Exploring the Effectiveness of GPT-3 in Translating Specialized Religious Text from Arabic to English: A Comparative Study with Human Translation
Get PDFIn recent years, Natural Language Processing (NLP) models such as Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3 (GPT-3) have shown remarkable improvements in various language-related tasks, including machine translation. However, most studies that have evaluated the performance of NLP models in translation tasks have focused on general-purpose text, leaving the evaluation of their effectiveness in handling specialized text to be relatively unexplored. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of GPT-3 in translating specialized Arabic text to English and compare its performance to human translation. To achieve this goal, the study selected ten chapters from a specialized book written in Arabic, covering topics in specialized religious context. The chapters were translated by a professional human translator and by GPT-3 using its translation Application Programming Interface. The translation performance of GPT-3 to was compared to human translation using qualitative measures, specifically the Direct Assessment method. Additionally, the translations were evaluated using two different evaluation metrics, Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) score and Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation (ROUGE) metric, which measure the similarity between the translated text and the reference text.The qualitative results show that GPT produced generally understandable translations but failed to capture nuances and cultural context. On the other hand, the quantitative results of the study showed that GPT-3 was able to achieve a relatively high level of accuracy in translating specialized religious text, with comparable scores to human translations in some cases. Specifically, the BERT score of GPT-3 translations was 0.83. The study also found that the Rouge score failed to fully reflect the capabilities of GPT-3 in translating specialized text.Overall, the findings of this study suggest that GPT-3 has promising potential as a translation tool for specialized religious text, but further research is needed to improve its capabilities and address its limitations
Anti-Inflammatory And Therapeutic Activities of Omega-3-Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Oil Extract on Acute Inflammation in Animal Models.
Get PDFBackground: When prescribing painkillers for acute, chronic, and degenerative pain disorders, one must take into account safety issues for continuous long-term use of anti-inflammatory drugs due to the side effects. As a result, the therapeutic safety of anti-inflammatory supplements utilizing natural forms, such as omega -3 fatty acids (n-3 fatty acids), is more important than its effectiveness. Method: The nutritional intervention of n-3 fish oil extract (owing to its eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA, and docosahexaenoic acid, DHA contents) in experimental animal for acute inflammatory models was investigated in this work using standard methods (Carageenan, Arachidonic acid, and PGE2). Result: Results obtained demonstrated a notable reduction in inflammation caused by fish oil due to its EPA and DHA content. For groups 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, the percentage inhibition of the carrageenan-induced paw edema inflammation after 24 hours was 78.57%, 57.14%, 50.00%, 100.00% and 92.85%, respectively. Arachidonic acid-induced ear edema was inhibited by 30, 24, 27, 37, and 40%, whilst the PGE-2 test was inhibited by 44.16, 52.48, 61.34, 74, and 80.05%. Conclusion: The findings demonstrated that eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA), the active components in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, have the ability to disrupt the prostaglandin metabolic pathway by competing with arachidonic acids for the COX active site and thereby inhibiting their synthesis. The novelty of the work is demonstrated in the use of diet instead SAIDs to resolve inflammation
Image Analysis through the lens of ChatGPT-4
Get PDFNumerous studies have delved into the applications of ChatGPT across various domains such as medicine, sports, education, and business analysis. ChatGPT emerges as a potential replacement for key contributors in these diverse fields, sparking an ongoing quest to validate this assertion. One focal point of this paper is the examination of GPT-4's, the fourth generation of Chat GPT, capacity to handle a spectrum of visual elements like images, pictures, flowcharts, plots, and diagrams. The inquiry extends to assessing how the gleaned information from these visuals compares with human intuition, both inductive and deductive. To investigate, GPT-4 was presented with samples of human faces, flowcharts, plots, and diagrams, leading to remarkably accurate and error-free results within the specified timeframe, surpassing human capabilities. The outcomes underscore GPT-4's impressive prowess in image analysis, covering identification, recognition, and contextual understanding of visual content. Furthermore, GPT-4's proficiency in identifying objects within individual images opens the door to be utilized comprehensively in the field of object detection. However, GPT-4 exhibits limitations in recognizing individual images due to privacy considerations